JIT)

7,
PHONYGAMA KERAUDRENI  (ZLess. & Garn)).

Keraudren’s Manucode.

7
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Barita keraudreni, Less. & Garn. in Férussac, Bull. Sc. Nat. viii. p. 110 (1826).—lid. Voy. Coquille, Zool. Atlas,
ple ie) GisZG)):

Phonygama keraudreni, Less. Dict. Class. xiii. p. 399 (1828).—Id. Man. d’Orn. 1. p. 141 (1828).—Id. Voy.
Coquille, Zool. i. pt. 2, p. 636 (1828).—Id. Traité, p. 344 (1831).—Id. Compl. Buff., Ois. p. 403, cum
tab. (1838).—Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 303 (1846).—Bp. Consp. i. p. 368 (1850).—Rosenb. Nat. Tijdschr.
Nederl. Ind. xxv. p. 236 (1863).—Id. J. f. O. 1864, p. 123.—Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 173 (1865).—
Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. iii, p. 180 (1877).—Id. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. xvi. p. 442 (1882),—
Eudes-Deslongch. Ann, Mus. Caen, i. p. 41 (1880).—D’Hamony. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1886, p- 510.

Chalybaus cornutus, Cuvier, Regne Anim. i. p. 354 (1829).

Phonygama lessonia, Swains. Classif. B. ii. p. 264 (1837).

Manucodia keraudreni, Sclater, Journ. Linn, Soc. ii. p. 162 (1858).—Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858, p. 194.—Id. Cat.
B. New Guinea, pp. 37, 59 (1859).—Id. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1859, p. 158.—Id. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861,
p. 436.—Id. Hand-l. B. iii. p. 17, no. 6258 (1870).—Elliot, Monogr. Parad. pl. 8 (1873).—Pavesi, Ann.
Mus. Civic. Genov. vi. p. 315, tav. x. (1874).—Beccari, op. cit. vii. p. 713 (1875).—Salvad. op. cit. vii.
p- 781 (1875), ix. pp. 41, 189 (1876), x. p. 150 (1877).—Pavesi, op. cit. ix. p. 66 (1876-77).—D Albert.
op. cit. x. pp. 13, 120 (1877)—Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. iii. p. 102 (1878), iv. p. 97
(1879).—D Albert. & Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov. xiv. p. 95 (1879).—D’ Albert. Nuova Guinea,
pp. 582, 584, 588 (1880).—Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, etc. ii. p. 510 (1881).—Id. op. cit. ili. p. 551
(1882).— Musschenbr. Dagboek, pp. 195, 228 (1883).—Rosenb. Mitth. orn. Ver. Wien, 1885, p. 40.

Chalybeus keraudrent, Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, Coraces, p. 120 (1867).—Rosenb. Reis naar Zuidoostereil. p. 47
(1867).—Id. Malay. Arch. pp. 370, 558 (1879).

Chalybea keraudrenit, Schlegel, Dierent. p. 175 (c. 1869).—Id. Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. iv. p. 50 (1871).

Phonygama jamesti, Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. iii. p. 181 (1877).—Id. Proc. Linn. Soe. xiii. p. 500 (1877).—
Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 56.

Manucodia keraudrenert apsu), Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. W. iii. p. 265 (1879).

 

 

Tuts Manucode is an inhabitant of New Guinea and the Aru Islands. In the former it. is widely
distributed, for it has been found by Lesson and Wallace near Dorey, and D’Albertis at Andai, by Beccari
at Warbusi and Ramoi, and by the late Mr. Bruijn’s hunters at Sorong, Nirba, Mansinam, and in the Arfak
Mountains.

D’Albertis met with the species on the Fly River, and again at Hall Bay and Yule Island, while Dr. E. P.
Ramsay has recorded it from the vicinity of Port Moresby. At Aleya also the late Dr. James procured the
specimen which I named after him, Phonygama jamesi. Count Salvadori considers that this species cannot
be upheld, and I must confess that, with the series of specimens in the British Museum, I am at present
unable to decide the question, though a re-examination of the type shows me that none of the other New
Guinea birds have such a steely-green head.

The specimen procured by the late Carl Hunstein at East Cape also seems to me to resemble Dr. James’s
example. In the Aru Islands the present species has also been obtained by Von Rosenberg and
Beccari; but, as the Count points out, there are some slight differences in specimens from these islands,
the size being perceptibly larger, and the tint of the metallic gloss being of a more steel-blue character,
as in examples from Sorong.

Nothing appears to have been written about the habits of this Manucode, beyond the statement of
Von Rosenberg’s that it was very rare in the Aru Islands, where it is only found in the woods, and not
universally on the coast and in the interior forests like JZ atra; its food consists of insects, small
crustaceans, and fruit.

- The peculiar trachea of these Manucodes is well known, and Professor Pavesi has written a memoir on the
subject, founded on examples sent to him by Dr. Beccari. According to Pavesi the male has the trachea
external and with several coils, the adult female has but a single coil, while the young females bear no
trace of an external trachea at all.

 

The following description is copied from my third volume of the ‘Catalogue of Birds in the British
Museum ” :—

Adult male. General colour above burnished steel-blue, the feathers of the head velvety in texture, as well