AND PACIFIC COAST GUIDE.

312

 

the water is boiling hot.’ Wedo not vouch for
the truth of this stury, and we are not certain that
Langford will swear to it.

The mountain rim of the Yellowstone Lake
rises from 1,500 to 4,000 feet above its surface, and,
except in two directions, is unbroken. To the
west and southwest are breaks in the chain,
through one of which appear the outlines ofa
conspicuous conical peak, 10,500 feet in height.
In the mountain system which surrounds the lake
are born the tributaries, almost the principal
sources, of three of the largest rivers on the con-
tinent. Four of the most important tributaries
of the Missouri—namely, the Big Horn, the Yel-
lowstone, the Madison and the Gallatin, have
their springs here. Flowing first north, then
east, they strike the Missouri, which, in its turn,
flows southeasterly to the Mississippi Valley,
where its waters are blended with the stately
stream that emptiesits tides at least 3,500 miles
below into the Gulfof Mexico. The Snake River,
whose sources are actually interlaced with those
of the Madison and the Yellowstone, turns west-
ward, and traverses nearly a thousand miles of
territory before it joins the Columbia on its way
to the Pacific Ocean. Again, the Green River,
rising but a few miles from the sources of the
others, seeks the Colorado of the South, which,
after innumerable windings through deserts, and
a roaring passage of hundreds of miles in the
abysses of canyons surpassing even those of the
Yellowstone in grandeur, depth, and gloom,
reaches the gulf of California. Penetrating to the
lofty recesses where these springs rise, the ex-
plorer stands, as it were, astride of the grandest
water-shed in the world. A pebble dropped into
one spring touches a water-nerve of the Pacific; a
pebble cast into another touches a similar nerve
of the Atlantic Ocean. Itisathought to cause
the wings of the spirit of a man in such a place
to expand like an eagle’s. (See largeillustrations,
Nos. 35 and 36.)

No. 27 Annex. Ocean Steamships.—
The steamers of the Occidental and Oriental Line,
between San Francisco and Yokohama, leave San
Francisco about the 15th of each month. The
passage rates are:

 

 

 

m S 3) As

2a | af a | 3

Payable in U. 8S. °3 1383/2 3] $s
Gold Coin. 20 am | 2 ih ge
BS |e |2 | 28

< A oS An

San Francisco To 7 Miles,

Yokohama, Japan, |$250 00/$ 85 00/$53 00 4,764
Hiogo, es 270 00} 100 00) ..... +10:

Nagasaki, °‘ 290 00} 100 00} 62 00) 5,444

Shanghae, China, 300 00} 100 00} 65 00} 5,964

Hongkong, “ 300 00} 100 00) 53 00} 6,384

Calcutta, India, 45000}. .....] 2. <0 9,385

 

 

Children under 12 years of age, one-half rates;
under five years, one-quarter rates: under one year,
free.

Family Servants, (European) eating and sleep-
ing in Huropean steerage, one-half cabin rates;
eatin cabin and sleeping in European steer-
age, three-quarters cabin rates; eatingand sleep-
ing in cabin, full cabin rates.

Ibs. baggage allowed each adult, first-class
or cabin passenger; 150 lbs. each, European steer-
age; 100lbs. each, Chinese steerage: proportion-
ate to children.

4} eral course of the river from its source to

Round Trip Tickets, good for twelve
months, will be sold at areduction of 12% per
cent. from regular rates.

An allowance of 20 per cent. on return passage
will be made to passengers who paid full fare to
Japan or China, or vice versa, re-embarking within
six months from date of landing, and an allowance
of 10 per cent. to those who return within twelve

months.

families whose fare amounts to FOUR FULL
PASSAGES Will be allowed Y¥ per cent. reductiun.

Huclusive use of staterooms can be secured by
the payment ofhalfrate for extra births.

The Pacific Mail steamships leave San Fran-
cisco about the ist of every month, for Yokohama
and Honkong, and for Sidney and Aukland via
Honolulu, at about the same time—ist of each
month—and for New York. via Panama, about the
ist and 15th of each month. For Victoria, B.C..
Port Townsend, Seattle and Tacoma, the 10th,
20th and 30th of each month. ‘

The Oregon Steamship Co. send steamers to
Portland from San Francisco every five days.

Other steamers for up and down the coast, leave
at changeable intervals; about weekly, however.

No, 28 Annex. Col. Hudnut’s Survey.
—On the west side of Promontory Point, the line
known as Colonel Hudnut’s suryey of the Idaho
and Oregon branch of the U. P.R. R., passes north
to Pilot Springs; thence down Clear Creek or Raft
River to Snake River, and along the southern
bank ofthis stream to Old’s Ferry; thence across
the country to Umatilla, on the Columbia River.
For the entire distance between Promontory and
Raft River, the country is uninviting, though not
barren. From thence the route passes through a
country abounding in fertile valleys and bold
mountains—the latter well-wooded. ‘There is
plenty of wood and other materials for building
the proposed road pve ee whole length of the
line. To the mouth of Raft River from Promon-
tory is about 100 miles. The scenery along the
line is varied, from smiling, fertile valleys to lofty,
snow-clad mountains. We will speak only of the
general characteristics of the route and of one or
two points of remarkable interest. The main
feature of the Snake or Shoshone River is its
majestic cataracts. The stream, sometimes called
Lewis River, is the South Fork of the Columbia,
and was discovered by Lewis and Clark, who ven-
tured westward of the Rocky Mountains in 1804.
It rises in the Rocky Mountains, near Fremont’s
Peak,in the Wind River Range, which divides
Idaho and Wyoming Territories. The head waters
of the stream are Gros Ventre, John Craig’s and
Salt Creeks on the south, with the outlets of
Lyon’s and Barret’s lakes on the north. The gen-
i
Bendis northwest. At this point Henry’s Tone
a large stream flowing from the the north, empties
its waters into the main river. Thence the course
is southwesterly until the first falls are reached—
about 400 miles from the river’s source. These
are called the AmERICAN Fats and are very fine,
but donot present so sublime an appearance as
will be seen about 100 miles further down the
river, where the waters leave the elevated plains of
Idaho by a series of cascades, known as the Suo-
SHONE Fauzs, from 30 to 60 feet high, closing the
scene in one grand leap of 210 feet perpendicular.
The width of the river at the pointof taking the
last leap is about 700 feet. Theform ofthe falls is
circular—somewhat like those of the Niagara. Be-
fore the river reaches the cascades itruns between
lofty walls, which close in around it until but a
narrow gorge is left for the passage of the water