Septexbor 16, 1959» Hey we iy | itt ab iu le til te ‘nil 5 f “ ll te We feol that tr. Uhrilaub will be a oo of his applie fe Taye : Varsity Basketball Coache Recreation, Lawrence, Kansas, September 14, 1959, Dre Forrest C. Allen, Director of Physical Education, Universi ty of Kansas, ~ : Lawrence, Kansase Dear "Phog"s In accordance with our conversation the other day I am writing this letter, tI would like to enter the University to get a Masters Degree in the theory and prac- tice of teaching physical education. Ll am une certain as to my qualifications and if I can do this work in one school year. That I muste I have an AeBe Degree granted from the University in 1981 and did summer school work on Education in 1922, 1925 and 1924. ©. In the sunmer of 19356 1 took two subjects at the Denver Universi-~ ty= namely extra curricular activities and Correc- tive and Preventative Physical Educatione It is necessary that I have work of some kind to take up work in the University. and. unless I can secure a part-time job, I will be unable to. attend. -I am out of work and have no money with which to start to school= but determined to make gomin my school worke -I would appreciate whatever information you may give me in regard to my ability to do this school work in one year and also what job I may: have to help finance my way throughe Hoping to hear from you soon, I am, F's Sincerely yours, rst. Uhelout, Eenat A. Uhriaub, 805 Ohio. UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION Memo fran Dr. Elbel regarding Mr. Uhrleub: Has had 15 hours of Education, but has not had ail the prerequisites as we have them listed. However, he has had Comparative Anatany (5 hrs.), Zoology (5 hrs.), a 3 hr. course in the Teaching of Biological Sciences, School Hygiene, Corrective and Preventive Physical Education. He has taught 18 years, end has taught Biological Sciences and Physiologye Although he has not had a major in Physical Education, he has done a sufficient amomt of work in this field, and I feel that we should waive the existing prerequisites. Had a long talk with him and feel he would be a very suitable candidate. aes Committee on prerequisites for a combined Master's degree in Education and Physical Education recommended the following: Undergraduate work shall include: 15 hours of Education 8 hrs. techniques or theory and practice 10 hrs. hygiene, physiology, zoology or anatomy* 5 hrs. involving history, principles or philosophy of Pe Ee *Agreement between Deans Stouffer and Schwegler and Dre Allen regarding prerequisite of 10 hours of biological science, 5 hours of which shall be physiology or anatomy =~ see Dre Allene February 28, 1940. Mre Ernst Ae Uhrlaub, 722 Ohio Street, Lawrence, Kansase Dear Ernst: I want to compliment you om the fine educational attitude you have toward ccmpetitive athletics. The fact that you have beer in the high school system so many years makes you especially valuable to us in dealing with our freshmen players. If all versity coaches had your experience and background as well as your understanding sympathy with boys they would be able to render a far greater services This letter is written to you after observing you in your work with our boyse Your attitude is most comend able and I want you to kmow that I appreciate it very muche Very cordially yours, Rirestor of Physical Education and Recreation, FOAsAI Varsity Basketball Coaches COMMISSIONERS ADDRESS ONLY “CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION ” HarRrRY B. MITCHELL, PRESIDENT LuciLL—E FosTeER MCMILLIN IN YOUR REPLY REFER TO UNITED STATES Civil SERVICE COMMISSION ARTHUR S. FLEMMING FILE TR: AAH ; GCN LAWSON A. MOYER, WASHINGTON, D.C. AND DATE OF THIS LETTER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND CHIEF EXAMINER March 20, DIRECTOR OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION: Dear Sir: The Commission is planning to announce in the near future an ex- amination for the trainee positions of student physiotherapy aide at the Army Medical Center (Walter Reed Hospital) in Washington, D. C. These positions were formerly outside the classified service and were therefore not filled through open bainbetitd ve civil-—service examina-— tion. They have now become subject, under Executive order, to the civil-service examination requirements, The Commission would appreciate it greatly if you would bring notice of this approaching examination to the attention of your - graduating students who will complete, or have completed, a full four- year course leading to a bachelor's degree with major study in phy- Sical edugation, The examination announcement will contain the spe- cific requirements. Copies will be sent to you as soon as they are ready for issuance. By direetion of the Gommission: Very respectfully, Lm TT Wm. C. Hull ‘Executive Assistant Bethal Bollege, Newton, Kanse Glad to come April 3e Presume last year's arrangements satisfactory. Send detailse | Forrest Ce. Allene CLASS OF SERVICE 1201 SYMBOLS This is. a full-rate DL=Day Letter Telegrain or Cable- sie hpi: its de- NL=Night Letter erred character is in- ie maar Ae a suitable ist LC=Deferred Cable symbol above or pre- | NLT =Cable Night Letter ceding the address. — NEWCOMB CARLTON J. SC. WILLEVER >) Ship Radiogram ( CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT The filing time shown in the date line on telegrams and day letters is STANDARD TIME at point of origin. Time of receipt is STANDARD TIME at point of destination KAD6 43 NT=N NEWTON KANS MAR 28 roe DR FORREST C ALLEN= ‘PLEASE FWD ‘COULD YOU COME AND GIVE US A TALK AT OUR BUFFALO BARBECUE APRIL THIRD ALL SPORT FANS ARE ANXIOUS TO HAVE THE ALL AMERICAN BASKET BALL CLUB BACK AGAIN ALL THE LUCK IN THE WORLD SATURDAY NIGHT PLEASE WIRE ANSWER FRIDAY NOON COLLECT= >OTTO DUNROE BETHEL COLLEGE. go ek A Ge ee *=5 THE COMPANY WILL APPRECIATE SUGGESTIONS FROM ITS PATRONS CONCERNING ITS SERVICB SYMBOLS DL=Day Letter NL=Night Letter iq ds LC=Deferred Cable Bae 4 ) NLT =Cable Night Letter WESTERN UNION : NEWCOMB CARLTON © ILLEVER | POINT IN U.S. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD as Lf. -PRESIDENT Co f - : tters is STANDARD TIME at point of origin. "Dime ‘ei xécei pt is OA Taye ay panos — ~ WIN OR LOSE» YOU- HAVE WON FOR YOURSELVES A PLACE IN THE- HEART OF EVERY JAYHAWK SPORTS FANs TONIGHT WE EXPECT TO. SEE THE SWELLEST BUNCH OF YOUNG MEN IN _THE COUNTRY PROVE THEY: ARE THE SWELLEST BASKETBALL PLAYERS IN THE COUNTRY = iz ; ENTIRE STUDENT BODY 4 FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSASs FACULTY OF THE UNIV OF KANSAS EX WORDS ss THE COMPANY WILL APPRECIATE SUGGESTIONS FROM ITS PATRONS CONCERNING ITS SERVICE : April 16, 1980. Mre Paul Re Dick, Principal, Utiea, Mansass Dear Principal Ricks ‘Thank you for your very kind invitation to speak et your comaeneenent on May 15th, I mm sorry thet I em scheduled to speak at leCygne on thet evening at their high school camencenont, but I have Tuesday, the 14th, available if you should desire me on that dates i regret that I have this conflict in detese Very sincerely yours, Director of Physical Eduodtion and Recreation, FCAsAH Varsity Basketball Coache UTICA RURAL HIGH SCHOOL PAUL R. DICK, PRINCIPAL UTICA, KANSAS April 12 1940 Dr. F. Ce Allen University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas Dear Dr. Allens | am writing to inquire if you would be available as a Commencement speaker here on Wednesday night May 15. If so what would your charges be includ- the expenses? | would appreciate hearing from yow by mens truly Paul R. Dick Prine return mail, WALTER WHEATCROFT, CnHairmMaAN TOM BOWER, CLERK : DR. C. S. MCMURRY, TREASURER p ON \S } Nn \ % ‘~ ie A STUDY OF THe AMOUNT OF ACTIVITY OF HIGH SCHOOL PLAYERS IN T . GAME OF BASKETBALL BY ERNST? A. UHRLAUB A.B.j ‘University of Kansas, 1921, Submitted to the Department of Education and the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts, ee @ 6 e* @ «6 oe ¢ @ 6 @ e e@ Instructor in charge For the department May 1940 Ar oat eee RS ONAL DCR MEN PON SYN Abc VT Ly oe I wish tc axoress sincere thanks and appreciation to Dr. EB. R. Hlbel, Associate Professor of Physical Education, University of Kansas fcr his constant help; to Mr. E. A. Thomas, Commissioner of the Kansas State High School Activities Association, for many suggestions and his permission to secure data at the Kansas State Class "A" Tournament at Topeka; to Mr, H. V. Porter, Secretary of the National Basketball Comm-= ittee of the United States and Canada; to Dr. Forrest C, Allen, Director of Physical Education, University of Kansas, for his kindly suggestions; and to the group of students of the Univer» sity of Kansas for their assistance. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Problem Review of Literature Procedure Data - - Timing of Individual Positions Time Consumed for Entire Game, The Distribution of Time Per Game, Plate I Plate II Plate III Discussion of Data Summary and Conclusions Conclusion Bibliography Appendix A STUDY OF THE AMOUNT OF ACTIVITY OF HIGH 1 SCHOOL PLAYSRS IN THE GAwk OF BASKETBALL, INTRODUCTION Since there is a prevailing impression that the game of basketball has been so speeded up by the elimination of the center jump that the game is injurious to high school players, this study was determined to check the activity of high school players during games and from the data secured certain conclus= ions relative to the amount of time spent in action, PROBLEM An attempt was made to determine: (1) the amount of activity of high school players in the game of basketball, based upon the following criterion for activity; that all movements executed by a player at a speed greater than a walk, whether on offense or defense; (2) the amount of elapsed time necessary to olay the game; (3) to draw a comparison between the activity of the player and the total elapsed time of the game and its quarters; and (4) a comparison of the State Class "A" Tournament players with the other groups of plavers, REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2 In a recent press report Coach Lew Andreas {1) of Syracuse University stated that the new rules of basketball make the game harmful to high school athletes, Apparently there is very little literature available relative to the amount of move~ ment or activity made by high school basketball players. The limited number of studies reviewed dealt mostly with the possible physiological harm to players or with college and university players exclusively. Lloyd Messersmith and M.S. Corey (2) made @ study of the distance afcollege player moves in the game of basketball, in which they recorded the distance each player travel~ ed on defense and on offense separately by observation and by the use of reproduction of the basketball court and also an electrical recording device, This report showed that college players travel- ed a distance of two and one half miles per game, This study was made under the rule involving the center jump, Lloyd Messersmith worked with Paul Fay (3) in 1938 and founda that college players traveled a distance of approximately four miles per game under the present rule (without the center jump). This is an increase of one and a half miles for distance traveled per game, An article, published by Dr. James Naismith, (4) inventor of basketball, concerning high school basketball players has a definite bearing upon this subject. His study showed (a) that there were no ill effects physiologically on high school players playing in a State Basketball Tournament; (b) the time consumed to play high school basketball gales observed in Kansas City, liissouri, 3 Many articles nave been written within the last two decades upon the effect of athletic contests on heart ailments or upon the health of the players, Tnere is general agreement that there is no reason to believe that the heart of any normal boy is endanger-~ ed by strenuous physical exercise such as basketball, Regarding certain physiological effects on players a study was made by a group of medical doctors in Rockford, Illinois (5). Throughout the season each player was carefully examined before and after each game of basketball, The summary of this study is as follows: "1. The hearts of all the players were functioning well after each game and no excessive fatigue was noted in any Rockford High School athlete." "2, In no case was there any tendency to a heart rate in excess of the physiological normaafter any of the games,” "3. No untoward symptoms were complained of by any of the players after any of the games," 7 "4, There were no observable differences in physical endurance between the lightweight and heavyweight teams,” "5, The electrocardiographic studies of three players made before and after one of the games were found to be within the physiological limits of the norm," "6. The medical insurance, and physical education lit- erature offers no conclusive evidence of cardiac or blood vascular damage to the individual that can be attributed, per sec,, to his athletic activity providing his heart was normal before entering the training period for athletic contests," 4 Mr, Daniel Chase (6) in Hygeia, states that, "If con- tests are well controlled and limited to those who are physically fit, relatively little danger may be anticipated from athletic competition, On the contrary, both moral and physical conditions are likely to benefit by the training." Fred V, Hein and A.S, Randall, M.D. (%) report a study on the effects of the center jump elimination in basketball, This study involved the effect of the loss of weight, pulse recovery, and blood pressure on high school players. These writers con- cluded that through the elimination of the center jump over a period of time, basketball might be dangerous to some players, The survey study conducted by the Athletic Journal (8) under the heading "What they're saying about basketball without the center jump Made by university coaches, is summarized here= with; (a) less fouls are made; (b) less {njuries; (c) increase play from six to eight minutes per game; and (d) some coaches say men fatigue faster thereforé, need for better substitutes, Nancy Miner, Pauline Hodgson and Anna Espenschade, (9) who made a study of the distance traversed and the time spent in active play in women's basketball, found that advanced players were active about 30 per cent of the total time consumed in play- ing two-court games, PROCEDURE In collecting the data for this study the movements of players at each position were timed by the use of stop watches and recorded on time sheets. Timers were instructed to start the stop watches as soon as the activity began and to stop the watches when activity ceased. This same procedure was repeated whenever a new activity was begun and was continued until the quarter ended. The amount of movement was recorded separately for each quarter. itach timer was assigned a specific position which included the starting player, his substitute or substitutes. In addition to this, the total elapsed time of quarters, inter- missions and the entire gamewas recorded, The difference between the beginning and ending time of each quarter indicated the elapsed time per quarter, Wrist watches were used for this type of timing. By the same method, the total elapsed time for the entire game was obtained; and the difference between the total elapsed time of the four quarters and that of the entire game produced the total time for intermiss- ions, time between quarters and the half combined, All the timing done for this study was of games in the State of Kansas, One stop watch was used in timing league and non-league games, district and regional tournaments, two in the county league tournament and five in the State Class "A" Tourna« ment, When five watches were used every position on one team was One hundred and forty-nine positions were timed in sixty~- cn3s games. The games were divided as follows: 13 from league 6 and non-league games; 7 from a county league tournament; 10 from one of the 49 district elimination tournaments ; 15 from one of the regional elimination bougname nde and 16 games from the State Class "A" Tournament, A county league tournament is one held by members of a county league. These tournaments must be played at least two weeks before the state district elimination tournament, The district and regional tournaments are conducted on an elimination basis to qualify teams for the Class A and Class B state tournaments. Class B schools are those whose enrollments aré less than 200; Class A, 200 or more. District tournaments are held for Class B teams only; whereas in the regionals both Class A and Class B schools compe te but in separate brackets, In the State of Kansas, during the 1939 ~1940 season, 13 regional tournaments were held for Class A teams, and 15 for Class B teams, Sixteen teams competed in the State Class "A" Tournament, DATA Timing of Individual Positions Data were collected on 149 individual cases (each case being the starting player, substitute or substitutes for one pose ition.) From these data it was found that the average activity of a high school player in a game of basketball varied from 2 mine- utes and 1.6 seconds for the first quarter to 2 minutes and 17,2 seconds for the fourth quarter, That the activity increased per quarter as the game progressed is indicated in Table ty OF the 149 cases observed, the average amount of activity for an entire game was 8 minutes and 31,4 seconds which is 51.4 seconds more than 7 one-fourth of the actual time taken to play the regular game of 42 minutes, TABLE I - THE AVERAGE ACTIVITY OF ALL PLAYRS BY QUARTERS AND FOR THE ENTIRE GAWE IN MINUTZS AND SECONDS NO, OF INDIVIDUAL FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH ENTIRE CASES QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER GAME . 149 2:01.6 22:04,1 2:08.5 2:17 2 8:31,.4 The total number of cases was divided into positions as follows: 56 forwards, 38 centers and 55 guards, FORWARDS The average activity of forwards is indicated in Table II in seven groups, For all positions timed, the movements of forwards vary slightly from quarter to quarter, The total amount of action per game was 9 minutes and 6 seconds. The greatest increase of activity in any quarter was made by the forwards of Team III in the State Class "A" Tournament, (F-6 fourth quarter, Table II,) The least action by any group of forwards in any quarter was 1 minute and 51,1 seconds (F-6 second quarter, Table iZ.), and the greatest, 2 minutes and 31.4 seconds (8-24 second quarter, Table II.) Forwards of Team I in the State Class "A" Tournament pre- sented the greatest amount of activity for that particular tourna- ment, and those of Team III the least; yet, the average activity of all forwards in this tournament showed less action than all other forwards combined, This probably was due to the better technique used by members of teams qualified to enter the State Class "A" Tournament, TABLE II #w AVERAGE ACTIVITY FOR FORWARDS BY QUARTERS AND FOR THE ENTIRE GAWH IN MINUTES AND SECONDS NO. OF FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH TOTAL FOR CASES QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER ENTIRE GAME RA-56 2:11.0 2316.6 2:16.8 2:21,6 9:06.0 Bae 2:14.35 2:31.4 .2:25.7 2:23.8 9435.2 CH32 2308.5 2:05.5 2710,0 2:20,.0 8:44,0 D- 6 2:24,5 2:20,0 2:18.5 2:24,1 9:29.1 Be G© 1:87,0 2:10.3 2:02.41 2:16.35 8:25,7 Fe G 1:55.65 2261.1 2:04.6 231965 8:10,.5 Ge 6 2:09,3 2:04.3 2:08,.8 2:10.6 8:33,0 #A- All cases for that position, Be All cases except those of State Class "A" Tournament. C- State Class "A" Tournament, D- Team I E- Team II Teams playing State Class throughout the A" Tournament, F- Team III ‘Ge Team IV So Se eee Seine” Namen Nemes eae nee” CENTERS The average activity of centers in quarters and in the entire game can be found in Table III. This table shows that the centers playing in the State Tournament moved nearly 2 minutes less per game than those timed in other games. This was perhaps bee cause the centers of the former groups played the post type of offense, that is, remaining in position near the basket to shoot 9 or to pass the ball to another player and not just running around for an opening. There was little change in the average activity of all centers from one quarter to another. Among centers, however, one will find that activity does not increase as the game advances in quarters, In most cases less action appears during the second quarter, The centers of — teams playing throughout the State Class "A" Tournament, with the exception of Team I, did not move as much as two minutes per guarter,. TABLE III = AVERAGH ACTIVITY FOR CENTERS BY QUARTERS AND FOR ENTIRE GA IN MINUTES AND SECONDS NO, OF FERS? SECOND THIRD FOURTH TOTAL FOR CASES QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER ENTIRE GAME tA- 38 2212.0 2:09.17 2:25.8 Bee «i 9:04.6 Be 22 2325.8 2°23.9 2728.9 2°58 0 9354.6 C- 16 1255.9 1:50.3 1:57 ,.8 2:12,0 7356.0 D=- 3 2:05.0 2:19.0 2:7 50 1:58.0 8:39.0 E- 3 1:34.0 1:26.6 1:52.40 1:44,0 6216.6 F- 3 1:39,.0 1:38,.0 1:43.0 1:54.0 6354.0 Ge 3 2:01,0 1:34.0 1:40.0 2:11.0 7326.0 #A- All cases for that position. B= All cases except those of State Class "A" Tournament, 6- State Class "A" Tournament, D=- Team I Ke Team II Teams playing throughout the ) ) ) ) State Class "A" Tournament, Fe Team III ) -) ) Ge Tean IV GUARDS 16 The average activity of guards by quarters and for the entire game, is shown in Table IV, The average for an entire game for 55 guard positions throughout the whole season was 7 minutes and 55.1 seconds, Here we find a group of six cases whose average movement for a complete game was only 5 minutes and 22,8 seconds, which would mean their activity amounted +o only 1 minute and 20.6 seconds for each quarter played. At no time during the State Class "A" Tournament did any guard of Teams I, II, III or IV move as much as 2 minutes per quarter. Their range of action per quarter ran from 1 minute and 15.3 seconds (Bn6, third quarter, Table IV) to i minute and 50.1 seconds (D-6, first quarter, Table IV), Whereas, the average of all cases was from 1 minute and 46.8 seconds to 2 minutes and 5.6 seconds per quarter. In the State Class "a" Tourna- ment teams generally used net plays, therefore, their guards usually passed the ball around for an opéning instead of running or abibbl- ing. , TABLE IV = AVERAGE ACTIVITY OF GUARDS BY QUARTERS AND FOR THE ENTIRE GAME IN MINUTES AND SECONDS NO. OF FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH TOTAL FOR CASES QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER ENTIRE GAME ® he 56 (1:46,8 1:47,7 1:55 .0 2105.6 7:35.41 B= 23 1:58,3 2:02,.8 2:14.2 2:24.4 8:39. C= 32 12:38,5 1:34,3 1:41.3 4352,3 6:46,4 De 6 1:80, 1:37,1 1.43.0 1245.1 6:55,3 H- 6 1:57.00 1:23.5 1:15.3 1:17,0 5322.8 Fa 6 1:19,8 4221.1 1:47,1 4:67.5 6325.5 Ge 6 1:90,5 1:27,1 1:37.46 1:49.41 6:23,1 be *A- All cases for that position B= All cases except those of State Class "A" Tournament. C= State Class "A* Tournament. D=- eam I) E- Team II teams playing throughout the State Class "A" Tournament. F- Team III ) G=- Team iV ) The activity of players by positions was less in the State Class "A" Tournament than in those of all other games timed. The same held true for the amount of time consumed fer completion of a game, The forwards of State Class "A" Teams showed much great- er movement than the centers and guards, Taking the combined average time of movements of posit- ions for the State Class "A" Tournament players as compared to all others timed and comparing the results, we find that the activity of the latter group was 4 minutes and 43.1 seconds greater per game, . - with the greatest differences between the center positions, it may be interesting to note the difference of the total average activity for an entire gaie consumed by Teams I,II,III and IV playing in State Class ".." Tournament with those teams playing outside State Class "A" Tournamens. Comparison is made by the use of Tables II,III and IV. Refering to section "B" of Tables tz, 322 and IV and multiplying the total average activity for an entire game for forwards and guards by 2 and adding these figures to the total average activity for an entire game for centers, (2 forwards, & guards and 1 center compose the playing personnel of a basketball team) we get the total amount of activity that was consumed by the