Jamary 22 1 sv & § ite, John R, Tunis, Care Harper's Magazine, 49 East 33rd St., | New York, N.Y, Dear likp , Tunis: Co@ing out of Cleveland, Ohio in Decetlber I purchased a oony *t Decelber's Harpers and read your story "The Changing Trend Sports." i assure you it was very interesting but I was struck by your failure to list basket ball anywhere near its proper place in the list of the ten fastest growing s s in the United States at the present title, In fact, you didn't Sention it at all. vos we nite / I understand that you quoted a Wanufac- tugrer who is foreed by business to keep his eye on the ball, ete. No doubt you noticed in the last “onth on two occasions “ore than 16,000 people paid adiiissions in Madison Square Garden’ to see college tea™s play basket ball, 3 ee in the January 10th nullber of "Sport atoty dagazine" I have an article that sets out solle of the reasons why basket ball is “uch further developed in the west than in the east. In the Country Gentletian in the February iseue I have written another article that I would like for you to see at your leisure,I think it would very “uch change your idea of the gaiie. : Only very recently basket ball has been Gade an ie Sport, “ore than twenty Zillion people are playing basket ball at the present title, In our Physical Education Departient here at the university, where. all the high school boys are exatiined on their entrance every boy ‘without exception, who is able bodied, has stated that he has played basket ball in his high school days. I have checked with other university departiwents and I find the saile thing is true here in the “iddle west, #2 le. John R. Tunis January 22, 1935 While I realize that you treated this story in a panera@ic way regarding sports, I felt that it wag the duty. of soWe of the coaches of basket ball to properly infor” you of your lack of knowledge of this Most rapidly growing Majer sports gaile, é Very cordially yours, ) Director. FCA: IW Je Gone bent Rowayton, Connecticut an | January 25, 1935 Dear Mr, Allens Your kind letter of January 22. was forwarded to. me by Harper's Magazine. I take it very kindly, when anyone goes to the trouble of reading my stuff, and when they go so far as to write ‘a Letter I am very grateful “indeede This “Will make my reply seem ‘all the more: churlish, but I have to say what I think even at the risk of being impolite, for after all, I am sure you would agreed that there abe far 600 may yeseyen in this country today, and that intellectual honesty. is a quality more to be desired than politeness. iL aid nor lis sb basketbagl because IL. doubt vs 4% Very much whether! 1t'is one. of the tem Tastest growing sports in the United Statés, The manufacturer. who -gave me the ‘information, which was confirmed by checking elsewhere, did a mot mention basektabll.e He knows what he sells every day, ; » and wheat the stuff is used fore, Also he'is in contact with os | schools and colleges’ all over the ae tye eit The fae’, that basethell ee 16,000 | at. iVadisoh Square Garden means/,of course nothing whatsoever. Ls is nab sport, 1b is eghibitionism and you ough} to kaiow te Hockey draws nes 000 a couple of times a week at the Yarden but, hockey is not: making aueh progress. Your argyment ie _» here core me to distrust your other ee tox basketball fea ee even‘if I were not sure you were wrong ne The fact that pasketball is now an Olgmpio. sport has mothing to do with the-casee So-is Lacrosse and =) eal cern soccer and dozens of other sports which have no place whatsoever ee * A - in an Olympic progYratie In fact the.only sports not therein a oe . included are bullfighting and pogroms and I understand they wWill,be inthe 1940 Gamese rN ay , : i ! You shite bhatt more than twenty millions Le : are playing basketballe Now when the bowling peoplé. say 7,000, 000 | ei play or rather bowl, they mow what they are talking abouts, : because they have an accurate checks. When the pin=pong peobe sell twenty million ping-pong bats, that's facte If there ¢ are half that nuniber playing basketball, bie De surprised. Why ? Because its a young man's gamee You can't play it at 40. The games that are growing today are the games older men cen play,; softball, horseshoes, squash, and prissy ; games like badminton and ping ponge These are gamese The 0 various forms of exhibitionism like footballs basketball, | ote which are played, have no more relation to sport than | sree et Men don't play football after they ‘leave college, unless they're crazy or Red Grange. Even today, football has a more. place in an> institution of earning — than a Jew in Hitler' Ss bathtube at But I'm oti iae, away from the subieets What I started to say Me,» Allen was, that I think you'r _ wronge You can't convince me twenty millions play a game — like basketball and the manufacturers be unaware of ite But thanks a lot for ee, just the sam ier ‘Faithfully youd, Forest C. Allen, ec University of eneaey Lawrence, GOERS» February 27 Ae. eS Mr. John R. Tunis, Rowayton, Conn. Dear Mr, Tunis: — | | I beg to — rn of your - ~_e of the 25th ultimo, 4 y heartily agree 5 with you that there are too many yes men in the country already. Therefore, in the | true spirit of camaraderie, greetings from one anti to another, . Indeed I am very fond of thbellectual honesty, but I fear in your recent correspondence that a certain species of intalles~ tual honesty was aborted soon after conception. As Chairman of the Press ‘Athen of . | the National Kaaliscetws of Basket Ball Coaches of the United States and as Chairman of the Research Committee of the National Basket Ball Rules Body, I expect to give you certain irrefutable facts bearing upon my previous statement concerning numbers play- ing basket ball in the United States. When I made the statement that twenty million people were playing basket ball I didnot. confine the number of participants to America, However, I expect to make a definite recheck on both national ani foreign ‘partici- pants in this sport and although if may take several months to obtain this data, you shall receive an ene compilation of facts and ieauciataes in due time, ‘Iwas struck by the lack of echerenue eteninn the trend of the argument in your article and the thought conveyed in your letter, . The underlying thought of your | article — to be "playing-games" as against "attendance-games", How- >» you seem to be somewhat confused at times on the di fferen- tiation between attendance games and participation games. lEspeci- te eS do you strengthen this belief when you say to me that hasket "is a young man's game. You can't play it at forty. The games that are growing today are the games that older men can play." Yet, nowhere in your article was the reader made to understand , _ aoa drawing fine lines between youth-sports and matur- ity sports, i \ | | . - : i fear that you have an improper econ= ception of sports. The game fitted for a man of forty is not #2 Wr. John R. Tunis February 27, 1935 necessarily played by deve of the teen age. Games suited to the physical and moral growth of the boy are specially indicated. Indeed it would be a poor plight to teach young boys games that men past forty enjoy. Fighting games with contact.and combat, which develop the qualities of courage, romance and drama are _ necessities for the boy. "Man is an omnibus in which all of our ancestors ride." ' ) The English conception of a gentleman is that one should learn to play one game well. It is for the purpose of acquiring ae sense ani thus to teach sportsmanship in the growing boy, that the educators of America have incorpor- ated athletics in our school system, Education through play is as sound today for the high sehool and college boy as was Froebel's . theory which he prescribed for the kindergarten age years ago. | We have our youth for play and develop- ment, rather than to lear games for the forty year age period. I am inclined to grow facetious and to state that many men past forty are — gin to do the thing for them in the way of a kiek - that exercise would have done had they indulged aaa e@ or os games during the carly period of heir youth, "Tn other words think I ean rightfully apply the fodl plex theory of yearwette to the forty year elders in their play and can also consistently apply the serious lay theory to the youth in their teens, The serious play is for a purpose, while the fooling play tends to pacifical behavior and leads to no great purpose, Therefore, I still believe that you have slighted a fast growing attendance and playing game that the provincial east has as yet failed to appreciate and which should have been included in any article on fast-growing sports. _ Your comparison of football, basket ball and fornication in relation to real sport, is unworthy of a dignified reply. As truly as does tennis, basket ball deserves its place in both attendanee and in participation sports. in your letter you hoot at the idea that basket ball recently drew over 16,000 at Madison Square Garden, yet in your article you mention with dignity the fact that "last February 17,000 persons, the largest number that ever saw a match of tennis, packed into the Garden to see Tilden play Cochet. They stayed until nearly 1 otclock on the worst morning of the winter and paid almost $30,000 for the a. #5 Mr, John R. Tunis February 27, 1935 . The basket ball games that I mentioned were college sports played by amateurs - collegians. The tennis ‘match that you mention was more than tennis, It was a duel be- tween two professional super-champions, Tilden and Cochet. You ought to know that. | 3 In spite of the fact that in dividing | your article into epochs, you state that the super-champians passed away at the end of 1930. Yet, you state the basket ball games were exhibitionisms and not sport. I maintain that these games were and are more than exhibitionisms, - they are both — ee _— participation sports and are entitled to the bene- its of both, | a Again I ask, when for years basket ball > over the United States has been both a fast growing attendance. and participation sport, why you utterly ignore it as either? However, I note that you concede basket ball to woman-competition. This is some. concession, é v Of course, you can be excused for your undue liberality toward tennis. Perhaps you can say the same thing for me concerning basket ball, You might be interested to know that at the University of California, Prof. Clifton Price, a tennis and not a basket ball enthusiast, in his letter to me of January 7, 1955 states, “That we have only 12 tennis courts for 11,750 stu- dents at Berkeley.” In contrast to this they have built a new . mammoth field house for basket belll at Berkeley, which seats over 8,000 spectators. | ! Most of our mid-western state universi- ties have field houses which accomodate from 5,000 to 15,000 tators at their conference semi-weekly championship basket ball games, The legislators and school board members are the real : Sports Promoters of Basket Ball. With a thorough working public school system, requiring compulsory sical training, one has the explanation of the astounding of basket hall throughout the United States. Every new public school building is equipped with a gymnasium outfitted for basket ball. And most of the pri- vate schools have them, as do many churches. Basket ball is in- expensive to the player. The state pays the overhead. The expense to the player is a cotton gym shirt and a pair of tennis shoes or sneakers. One basket ball will last a whole season, } ) ag eh _ Baseball 21,889 #4 Mr.John R. Tunis February 27, 1955 Golf, tennis and baseball grounds re- quire maintenance. Even a school boy must pay to play golf on a public course. That same boy can play basket ball all winter in his sehool or church for nothing, And in summer with a pair of hoops nailed to an upright 10 ft. from the ground in his own backyard he can continue the development of his health and skills with this versatile game, In a tournament in Indianapolis alone 600 teams engaged in basket ball. In the same city 15,000 people paid admissions each day for a high school tournament last- ing three days, and the doors were closed while hundreds were turned away, | | I am sending a recent copy of "Health Rays" of the K.C, Missouri Public Schools, showing marked spaces devoted to basket ball. Please refer to page 3, wherein it states that 2,500 adult players have been playing basket ball recently. In one of the high sehools alone, the Paseo High School, Kansas City, there are 112 organized teams of basket ball, . ‘ - I am enclosing a sheet from Iowa State College Daily Sports Service wherein it statés there are ninety intramural teams there, Also, you will find enelosed the Decem- ber issue of the Kansas Athlete, page S, wherein it shows that there are 644 organized competitive teams of basket ball out of a total membership of 657 senior high schools in the State of Kan- sas. Mr, E,A, Thomas, Executive Seeretary of the Kansas State High Sehool athletic Association, estimates that there are 16,000 high sehool boys and 4,000 high sehool Girls playing basket ball in the Bigh schools of Kansas this year. He further estimates there are 2,500 junior high school youngsters participating, Incidentally there is more newspaper | space devoted to basket ball in the mid-western papers in the winter than that given to all other sports combined - bowling included, ) In looking over your manufacturer's list regarding the ten fastest growing sports in the United States, i thought it might prove interesting to you to submit Mr. Fred Turbyville's figures on the numbers taking part in intramural — events in the different sports among the college people of America. This is a compilation from 255 colleges and universities in this country, published under the title "The Blue Book of College Ath- letics” and edited and published by McNitts, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. In 255 colleges the number taking part in intramural events in the different sports are: #5 Mr, John R, Tunis February 27, 1955 Playground ball 8,506 Indoor ball 2,718 Soft ball 994 Diamond ball 979 Kittenball 876 Mushball 419 56,181 Football 12,517 Speed ball 2,925 Touch-football 1,700 17,142 Basket Bail 52,467 Free Throw 5,148 35,615 Bowling 3,298 Badminton 179 — Pong aoe Horseshoes 5,507 Soccer 7, * 472 Squash 6 829 Tennis 17,549 i Raps (not mentioned) 10,316 rae 47 Number playing basket ball 55,615 playing all the games | ; waekeeiel in this list 59,544 I have just received some very inter- esting figures from two of our largest manufacturers, jobbers and wholesalers of athletic equipment in this country. They stated that of their total business over a period of the last four years basket ball represented the following percentages: 1931 “-_+- 12.5% 1932 “<== 13.5% 1933 a 14.1% 1934 “<= 145% This shows that despite the depression their basket ball business has inéreased. #6 Mr, John R, Tunis February 27, 1935 Further these manufacturers rate the following as their list of the fastest growing sports in America today: mh 1, Soft Ball 7. Ping Pong 5. Basket Ball 4, Badminton 5. Soccer 6. Squash 4, Archery They further state that badminton is growing rapidly but is a very small industry in comparison with other sports, and that soccer and squash are just about holding their own. They have handled archery equipment for years but be- lieve that archery has had its peak, | I have just finished a definite check- up with Dr, James Naismith, who ériginated the game of basket ball in 1891, as to the nations now playing basket ball. He lists 46 nations, namely; Australia, Africa, Brazil, Germany, England, Alaska, Hawaii, New Zealand, France, Spain, Portugal, Madagascar, Uruguay, Chile, Mexico, Switzerland, Rumania, Czecho-Slovakia, China, m Japan, ilippines, Candda, Chosen, Para ay, Greece, Turkey, Egypt, Panama, Italy, India, United States, Poland, Bulgaria, Argentine, Latvia, Hungary, Syrie, Guba, Porto Rico, Haiti, Persia, Siam, Arabia, Ceylon, and Boli ° ? | Basket ball is now an Olympic sport be~- cause of the surge of youthful interest in this game and not because it is in a class with “pogroms and bull fighti « The Olympics have revived and kept alive track sports. So shall they further develop ag growing popularity of basket ball among the nations of the world. In Section III of your article you elaborate upon the deflation aspect of "Bulletin No. 29" of the Carnegie Foundation Report, Aside from causing an initial flurry among the athlietie and academic faculty as well as providing an opportunity for sports editors to elaborate pro and con regarding Regulation court. -—= = ee --Court for Experimental * “21 971 TALL S ° DIAGRAM BaSKET BaLu COURT To Be Used In TWO CLINIC GAMES BETWEEN KANSAS U.- KANbaS STATE Decenber 14 and 18 i: a Os es . : 7 1 » / _ 2 GAWES WILL INVOLVE THE FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL FEATURES: 2 1. Goals moved in & ft. from end line instead of @ ft. 2. Baskets 12 ft. in height instead of 10 ft. 3, Field goals 3 points; free throws 1 point. 4, Three 6 ft. radius restraining circles, 211 held or jump balls thrown up in nearest circle. 5. Time out after all goals, throw or field. 6. All free throws in half of court in which foul is made. 7. Fifteen minutes between halves instead of ten. tm es “ = . eee re etme 6 he fenene weesermammarionrt- weer nar eee A en teen ea ~ #7 wr. John R. Tunis. February 27, 1955 the alleged over emphasis on football nothing constructive to date has been aécomplished by the publication of this famous bulletin. It did not act as a deflationary instrument on sport nor is it of any potent constructive force at present. May I quote the words of President Angell of Yale University when he said, "We must believe in all sincerity, as I am sure many of us do not, that physical educa- tion, including competitive sports, is an essential part of the obligation of the college and in no sense a mere excrescence. to be confided to the casual outsider or to the transient apprentice. We must recognize that it stands in the closest possible relation to moral education, which we often pronounce as one of the prime duties of the college, if not, indeed, the very first. We must believe unreservedly in sports for the whole college community, and competitive gpoup sports as far as possible, If, then, ~ sical education in the largest sense is an intrinsic part of the work of the college, why should there longer be hesitation in recognizing that fact, and accepting the full responsibilities that go with it." “ : Thirty years ago Exepresident Theodore Roosevelt saved the game of football for the good that he thought 4t possessed. The disease of the gridiron starts from without, among the men whose interest is misguided, The games of fod ball an@ basket ball will imerease in player and spectator interest because they are contact and combat games that appeal to the red- blooded youth of America. fh | : _ Of course, attendance in sport fell off with the decline in earning power during the depression starting in 1930. Exhibitionisms or attendance sports may have been on : the decline the last few years but the real Golden Era of attend- ance sports will reach its peak in 1939, and, Mr. Tunis, your article as of December 1934, will be in the same relationship of antiquity regarding propheey as was your Mr. Jones’ abundant in- terest concerning sport. All stadia will be overflowing, our | playgrounds, public and private courses will be filled to capacity with the return of prosperity. The depression deflated sport as 4t did all super-aectivities, so shall boom days again return the milk and honey to the land of athletic phenty. With all sincerfty tty, I am Very cordially yours, PCA :IW | Director. Lawrence, Kansas February 25, 1935 Mr. John R. Tunis, Rowayton, Conn. Deer Mr. Tunis; I beg to acknowledge receipt of your favor of the 25th ultimo. : To begin with I heartily agree with you that there are too many yes men in the country already. Therefore, in the true spirit of camaraderie, greetings from one anti to another. Indeed I am very fond of intellectual honesty, but I fear in your recent correspondence that a certain species of intellectual honesty was aborted soon after conception, As Chairman of the Press Committee of the National Association of Basket Ball Coaches of the United States and as Chairman of the Research Committee of the National Bas- ket Ball Rules Body, I expect to give you certain irrefutable facts bearing upon my previous statement concerning numbers playing basket ball in the United States. When I made the statement that twenty million people were playing basket ball I didn't confine the number of participants to America. However, I expect to make a definite recheck on both national and foreign participants in this sport and although it may take several months to obtain this data, you shall receive an authenticated compilation of facts and figures in due time. I was struck by the hoct coherence belies of your article and the thought conveyed in your letter, o> iene underlying trend of your eget set seems to be "playing-games”" as against "attendance-games", However, Rng @ the theme you seem to be somewhat confused at times on the differentiation #2 Mr. John R.Tunis February 25, 1935 between Seaslese aR sopvidins vol games. Especially do you strengthen this belief when you say to me that basket ball “is a young man's game. You can't play it at 40. The games that are growing to- day are the games that older men can play." aneremcnmeerne = Yet nowhere in your article was the reader made to understand that you were drawing fine lines between youth-sports and maturity-sports. ee ig I fear that you have an improper con- ception of sports. The game fitted for a man of 40 shoeta not neces- sarily @ played by boys of the teen age. Game s suited to the physical and moral growth of the boy are gesefclly ectielte it would be a poor plight to teach the young boys games in—their—teenms,_-games that men past 40 enjoy. Fighting games with contact and combat, which de- velop the qantieri of @ourage, Romance and girama are necessities, "Man is an omnibus in which all of his ancestors ride." | ) The English conception of a gentleman is that you should learn fo play one game well, It is for the purpose of acquiring game sense to teach sportsmanship in the growing boy, i ey game that the educators of America incorporated athleties in our school system. Education through play is as sound today for the high school and college boy as was Froebel'ts theory which he prescribed for the kindergarten age utara ar eat We have our youth for play and eee | : : tha Lo- a : ment, rather thes to -devete upine—our outA—cames OF ne 720 ave facetious and to state that many men past 40 are permitting gin to do the thing for them in the way of a kick or pickup that exercise would have done had they indulged in the struggle or fighting games during the early period of their youth, Cautirseg Pe eis fells ey oer e : | #3 Mr. John R, Tunis © February 235, 1935 e-Wr r In other words, I think I can rightful- ly apply the fooling theory of Froebel's to the 40 year élders in their play and can also consistently apply the serious play theory to the youth in their toean. The serious play is for a purpose, while the fodling play tends to pastels x to no great purpose. Therefore, I still believe that you have slighted a fast growing attendance and playing game that the provincial east has as yet failed to appreciate and which should have been included in any article on fast-growing sports. Your comparison of football, end basket ‘pall and fornication in relation to real sport, is unworthy of a dig- nified reply. As truly as does tennis, basket ball deserves its place in both attendance and in participation sperte. In your letter you hoot at the idea that basket ball recently drew over 16,000 at Madi- son square Garden, yet in your erticle you mention with dignity the fact that "last February 17,000 persons, the largest number that ever saw a match of tennis, packed into the Garden to see Tilden play Cochet. They stayed untia nearly 1 o'clock on the worst morning of the winter and paid almost $50,000 for the privilege." The basket ball games that I mentioned were college sports played by amateurs : collegians, The tennis match that you mention was more than tennis. It was a duel between two professional super-champions, Tilden and Cochet, You ought to know that. In spite of the fact that in dividing your article into epochs, you state that the super-champions passed away at the end of 1930. Yet, you state the basket ball games were exhibitionisms ani not sport. I maintain that these games were more #4 Mr. John R. Tunis February 23, 1935 than exhibitionisms, - they were both attendance and participation sports. : . Again I ask when for years basket ball over the United States has been both a fast growing attendance and participation sport, why you utterly ignore it as either? However, I note that you concede basket ball to woman-compétition. This is some concession, Of course, you. can be exeused for your undue liberality toward tennis. Perhaps you can say the same thing for me concerning basket ball. You mt cht be interested to know that at the University of california, Prof. Clifton Price, a tennis and not a basket ball enthusiast, in his letter to me of Jamary 7, 1955 states, "That we have only 12 tennis courts for 11,750 students at Berkeley." In contrast to this they have built a new mammoth field house for basket ball at Berkeley, which seats over 8,000 spectators for basket ball. Most of our mid-western state univer- sities have field houses which accomodate from 5,000 to 15,000 spec- tators at their conference seni-weekly shaipioashi> basket ball games. The legislators and school board men- bers are the realSports aap ial of Basket Ball. With a thorough working public school system, requiring compulsory physical training, one has the explanation of the astounding growth of basket ball throughout the United States, Every new public sehool building is equipped with a gymnasium outfitted for basket ball. And most of the private schools have them as do many churches, #5 Mr. John R, Tunis February 23, 1935 gh 1M pe ek ball is inexpensive to the player, The state pays the overhead. The expense to the player is a cotton gym shirt and a pair of tennis shoes or sneakers. One basket ball will last a whole season. , Golf, tennis and baseball grounds re- quire maintenance. Even a school boy must pay to pley golf ona public course. That same boy can play basket ball all winter in his school or church for nothing. And, in summer with a pair of hoops nailed to an upright 10 ft. from the ground, in his own backyard, he can continue the development of his health and skills with this very= wivectils game. In a tournament in Indianapolis alone, 600 teams engaged in basket ball. In the same city, 15,000 people paid admis - siondeach day for a high school tournament, lasting three days, and the doors were elosed while hundreds were turned away. : I am sending a recent copy of "Health Rays" of tine: K.C. Missouri Publie Sehools, showing marked spaces de- seied to basket ball. Please refer to page 3, wherein it states that 2,300 adult players have been playing bas et ball recently. In one of the high sehools alone, thera, the Paseo High School, Kansas City, there are 112 organized teams of basket ball. I am enclosing a sheet from Iowa State College Daily Sports Service wherein it states there are ninety intra- mural teams, ~* Also, you will find enclosed the December issue of the Kansas Eehlete, pege 5, wherein it shows, there are 644 organized competitive teams of basket ball out of a total membership of 657 senior high schools in the State of cincis. Mr. E,A. Thomas, Executive ‘Secretary of the Kansas State Hi gh School Athletic Association, esti- mates that there are 16,000 high school boys and 4,000 high sehool iat #6 Mr. John R. Tunis February 25, 19355 girls playing basket bail in the high sehools of Kansas this year. He further estimates there are 2,500 junior high school youngsters participating. | Incidentally there is more newspaper space devoted to basket ball in the mid-western papers in the winter than that given to all oer sports combined - bowling included. In looking over your manufacturer's list ea Ue 10 fastest growing sports in the United States, I thought it might prove interesting to you to submit Mr. Fred Turbyville's figures on the numbers taking part in intramural events in the different sports among the college people of America. This is a compilation from 255 colleges and universities in this country, published under the title "The Blue Book of College Athletics" ani edited and published by McNitts, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. In 255 Colleges, the number taking part in intramural events in the different sports - Baseball | 21,889 Playground ball | 8,506 Indoor ball S,718 Soft ball 994 Diamond ball , 979 ‘Kittenball 876 ‘Mushball » | 419 56,181 Football 12,517 Speed ball 2,925 Touch-football 1,700 1% ,142 Basketball : 32,467 Free throw 5,145. 55,615 Bowling — ! | 3,298 Badminton L179 Ping Pong 936 Archery 526 Horseshoes 5,507 Soccer 7,472 Squash A 6,429 #7 Mr. John R. Tunis February 23, 19355 Tennis 17,549 Polo 4'7 Trap shooting (not mentioned) Golf , 10,3516 Number playing basket ball 53,615 " playing all the games mentioned in this list 59, 544 | : " : zt | : 7 ha flee je oh} aay lee eS pce tae - g3g-—lht 72 1g 44-~!4. 5 hog alate Oy giz te He fe ‘ Wi, x Ke 4 Cy 8 ‘Oe Y [7 C Ldaff) ORLA | : Le a pH : FE FECES bi othen Toe fe ® rate HO Australia. Africa. Brazil. Germany England Alaska Hawai. New Zealand France — Spain Portugal Madagascar Uruguay Chile AMexico Switzerland Rumania ChecoZeklavia China Corea Japan Philipines Canada Chosen Paraguay Greece Turkey Egypt. Panama a ltaly * India. United States Poland Bulgaria Argentina yl Latvia Sh UO Hungary yews ee Syria. Cuba Porto Rico Haiti Persia Siam Arabia Ceylon Bolivia