P

 

. COMMUNITY RECREATION

¢
t

‘April 10 - Virginia Reel (Thompson, McKinney, Reed, Neal, Hadden) | .

oe
April 13 - May Pole Dance (Miller, Schaake)
April 15 - Social Mixers (Watson, Neidermeyer ) :

Apri - Elementary School Games (childs, Walter, Ferrell,

ae Howe, cats, Lewis)
April 20 = Indoor Baseball (Raugh, Black, Hall, Atwell)
April 22 =, Baseball (Kresie) ;
April 24 - Goal -Hi (Rader, Veatch)
doril 27 - Community Singing (Farrell)
April 29 - Table Tennis (Kellogg, Perkins, Bowen) . :

May 1° - Tennis (Hartman, Sheridan, Smith) <<
. - . = 2 « 4

Fly Casting (Tom Thompson)

 
‘ THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

LAWRENCE
THE REGISTRAR
_april 28, 1942
TO THE INSTRUCTOR:
~ Mr. Clifford L. Nordstrom has left the University, presumably
to enter the Service, If this is the case, he is entitled, by action of
tae the Deans on December 16, 1941, to partial credit in all courses in which

he was passing at the time he left the University.

Will you kindly indicate on the enclosed card his grade in
85 Kinesiology on April 22, 1942

; és 3
sign the card and return it immediately to the Registrar's Office.

 

Most sincerely,

Bs
se Laurence Gs tWoodruff
14) Assistant Registrar
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

LAWRENCE
THE REGISTRAR
April B, 194 2
TO THE INSTRUCTOR:
Mr. Clifford L. Nordstrom has left the University, presumably

to enter the Service. If this is the case, he is entitled, by action of
the Deans on December 16, 1941, to partial credit in all courses in which
he was passing at the time he left the University.

Will you kindly indicate on the enclosed card his grade in

37 First aid on april 22, 1942 ,
sign the card and return it immediately to the Registrar's Office.

 

Most sincerely,

 

v Laurence ¢,; Woodruff
Assistant Registrar
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
LAWRENCE

OFFICE OF
THE REGISTRAR

ALA 9S
TO D INSTRUCTOR:

Vs Watiey Hed nes has left the University, presumably
to erite is is’

r the Service, the case, he is entitled, by action of
the Deans on December 6, 1941, to partial credit in all courses in which
he was passing at the time he left the University.

   

— om kind es on the enclosed card his grade in

: f
/0.0. ka alld eT Lin A Lité. ’ \ B
sign oe ‘ra and retul rv if immediately to the(Registrar's Office, eecens

Most sincerely,

  
  

Laurence C, Woodruff
Assistant Registrar
THE. CHICAGOSSUN GSUNDAY;,2APRILD 5;

1942

 

ARMING OUR HOME FRONT

 

Red Cross Nurse's Aide
Job Yours-If You've
Got What it Takes!

Volunteers Can Enter War Service;
Requirements High; Work a Challenge

By Mrs. Gudrun Alcock

Woman’s Editor.

ole

Surrounded by friends, showered with flowers, a group of 10 girls
boarded the train on which I was leaving Washington recently. Through |
the flippancy of gay farewells, there was a certain bravado—you sensed |
that this was to be goodbye for a long time.

Every girl was pretty, extremely so.

It was a prettiness that was

more than surface, it was in the way. their heads were held high, in

the way their eyes seemed to look
readily to far horizons.

That evening
as we were all in
the dressing room

Pawe talked as the
train swayed
along. The light
chatter and femi-
nine details of
putting cream on
kour faces were
sobered by the
identifieation tags
<I saw around each

‘girl’s slim neck.

These young

women were United States Navy
nurses,

Over a year ago they had applied
and -now, after undergoing special-
ized training and passing rigid
tests, they were on their way. They
were proud of their new duties, and
well prepared for their job.

This article has been withheld
until I was free to tell the destina-
tion marked on their luggage—for
it read, dramatic in its simplicity—
“Pearl Harbor.”

Who will replace these girls’
places in our hospitals? They’re
gone, we don’t know for how long.
All the hospitals are now forming
units of.doctors and nurses. who wil!
“be ready to go whenever ordered.
; There are not enough student
nurses to fill the gaps. The answer

MRS, ALCOCK.

 

 

a VERSE

Some soldier or sailor
Should be on his way

To have Easter dinner
At your house today.

 

He will lose almost all fingers on
both hands, but you laugh with him |
when he jokes that he’s glad it
wasn’t his feet.

Numberless Tasks.

You stop to see if the man whose
ear was cut off is comfortable. You
agree with him that he should not
have become interested in another
man’s wife. You check to see if
John, whose girl stabbed him three
times, needs anything. You give
baths and wash faces. You assist
the nurse in dressing a wound. You
are on your feet constantly, alert
to render the many little services
which make the tedious time in bed
pass more quickly and comfortably.

‘ You-do this all day for two days
every week. You apace your own,

d th ‘

 
ymen Give
Tomorrow

Red Cross
Events on:
Programs

Red Cross, current events and
books are the subjects on the
calendar of the National Council
of Jewish Women in the Chicago
Section next week, Tuesday morn-
ing the members will assemble for
the morning nutrition class and at

 

tp. m-:-for home=nursing at” 185.

North Wabash avenue, On Friday
afternoon Mrs. Telix Levy will talk
n “Jewish Current Events” and
Mrs. Aaron Kanter will review
books.

. Hadassah will have a series of
Pesach teas in all of its districts
throughout the city Tuesday, with
speakers iappearing on each pro-

gram, “The Albany~ Park District

will meet in the Eugene Field
aouse, the Northwest at Logan
Square Temple, the North Side in
ihe home of Mrs Harry M. Fisher,
3740 Lake Shore drive, and the
South. Side at Mrs. Philip Gold- |:

-|dew.

tion picture chairman.

 

Before the noon recess the
meeting will hear reports from Mrs.
A. R. Tew, Mrs. George H. Green=
field, Mrs. William E. Crowe, Mrs.
Warren H. Lutton, Mrs. Roy fF.
Gaut, Mrs. Paul Bodeman and Mrs.
W.-F. Durnal. The latter will re-

_|port on the election of a president

and other officers.

Arts will provide the afternoon
program arranged by Mrs. Terrence
C. Craig. Mrs. John E. Baillie will
give an original tribute to the flag,
the Windsor Park Woman’s Club
will sing spring songs and Miss
Dorothy Deere will be introduced
by Mrs. Herbert A. Helstrom, mo-
Awards in
the inter-club art contest and the
school children’s art contest will be
announced by Mrs. Edward Krause
and the new officers introduced.

Mrs. J. F. Johnson, president of
ihe Sixth. District, will gavel a
order at the opening of the annu
meeting at 10 a. m. Thursday in the
First Baptist Church of Oak Park,
where the North Oak Park Wom-
an’s Club will be hostess to the
district.

After the chairmen have reported.
the year’s work and the election
has taken place at noon, a movie on
“The Evolution of the Oil Industry”
will be shown and the churus of 60
voices fromthe Spaulding-Sabin
High School branch will sing. They
will be accompanied by June Wars
den and directed by Mildred Chin~
lund.

The garden department. of the
district was awarded $50 at the re-
cent National Garden Show for the
greatest number of entries. Mrs.
Frederick W. Wilmot, the Austin
Woman’s Club, Mrs. William Firn-
haber and Mrs. A. H. Strong also
received awards. _ ;
Seventh District Meeting.

The spring meeting of the Sev-
enth District set for Wednesday in
the Arlington Heights Presbyterian

Church will be opened by Mrs. Bure
ton A. Noyes, president, The Rev.
Herman, McCoy and the Camp Fire
Girls.of the Chanyata Group, will
sake part in the opening ceremonies,
After Mrs. Daniel Crumlish extends
the welcome for the Arlington
Heights Club, Mrs. Frank Maresh
will report on the elections and Mrs.
George A. Harrison, assisted by
Mrs: Lloyd W. Miles and Mrs. Harry. -
Hansen, will conduct the round ta-
ble on “The Soldier Goes to Camp.”

ee

 

 
Health Bulletin Jor leacher

—S

 

 

 

Factors of Safety in Body Structure and Function

““wyactor of safety” is a term used by engineers to designate the margin

EF of safety required in building engines, bridges, houses, and other
structures. It is not enough to make a structure strong enough to bear
expected maximum loads. It must be capable of withstanding stresses
several times the size of such loads. In a paper read before the Harvey
Society of New York in December 1906, Dr. S. J. Meltzer first drew
attention to the fact that the human body is provided with factors of
safety on a lavish scale. Since then several other physiologists have
developed this theme.

The remarkable thing about many of our factors of safety is that they
are so seldom called upon. Barcroft cites as an example of a factor of
safety always available, but never used by the great majority of man-
kind, the duplication of mechanism associated with the initiation of the
heart beat. The electrical impulses which set off each contraction of
the heart originate in a little node of nervelike material located in the
wall of the right auricle. The impulses are conducted from the auricle
to the ventricle by a bridge of nerve and muscle fibers called the bundle
of His. However, if this bundle ceases to conduct in its upper portion,
a new rhythm arises lower down and causes the ventricles to beat but
with a slower rhythm than before. Thus “if the normal machinery is
wrecked, the heart does not on that account cease to beat, as the beat is
initiated elsewhere.”” And then Barcroft goes on to ask: “Is it a happy
accident? Are we to suppose that all of us carry an accident so happy
in our hearts, that it will save the lives of a few persons whilst func-
tionally it never enters the economy of more than a negligible proportion
of the race? Are there such accidents?”

Barcroft himself believes, and many other scientists agree with him,
that duplication is so frequent that it can scarcely be accidental. It is
a definite feature in the architecture of the body, “the more impressive
because it is achieved in such different ways...” So many ways indeed
that Barcroft concludes wistfully, “It is always surprising to me that
there is only one heart!’’*

Factors of Safety in the Circulatory System. We have only one heart,
it is true, but that single heart has a superabundance of volume and force.
At any moment it is able to beat twice as fast as it ordinarily does,
and put forth twice the usual amount of blood at each beat against an

 

*JosepH Barcrorr. Features in the Architecture of Physiological Function. Cambridge, at the Uni-
versity Press. 1934. Chapter XIV.

 

Vol. XII, No. 8 : APRIL 1941

 
arterial pressure which may be increased 30 or 40 percent. Moreover,
in cases of persistent high blood pressure it can enlarge in order to handle
the extra work involved.

The wonderful mechanism by which the blood vessels can be dilated in any part of the
body that needs more blood, and constricted in any part that can spare some of its blood,
is controlled by the vasomotor apparatus. This mechanism is of vital concern to the
safety of the organism, and is guarded by a whole series of safety devices.

The control center of the vasomotor apparatus is in the medulla
oblongata, the region of the brain just above the spinal cord. If that
center is injured or destroyed, near-by subsidiary centers take charge.
If they, too, drop out, ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system assume
control. Finally, as a last resort when all central control has been put
out of commission, the walls of the blood vessels themselves attend to the
proper adaptation of the capacity of the vessels to the blood within them.

Factors of Safety in the Elimination of Kidney Wastes. The work of the
kidneys is another vital body function. And here, as a margin of safety,
we do have two organs, whereas one could perfectly well do the work
required. Every medical man knows that one kidney can be removed
if the other one is uninjured, and the amount and composition of the
urinary secretion remains practically unaltered. Indeed, two thirds
of the kidney substance can be put out of commission before there is
serious impairment of kidney function. It has been pointed out that
under ordinary circumstances large numbers of the million nephrons
(functional units) in each kidney are not working. This luxurious
surplus makes it possible for some of us to go on for many years after
degenerative changes have begun to rob the kidneys gradually of
nephrons here and there, without having our pleasure in life destroyed
or our activities hampered.

The Margin of Safety in the Respiratory System. We have two lungs
but we can get along fairly well with one. This is proved by the fact
that a tuberculous lung may be completely immobilized by artificial
pneumothorax in order to give it a chance to heal, and the patient
suffers little inconvenience. Also, in some cases of pneumonia, the lung
on one side may become solid without dangerously interfering with the
oxygen supply of the body and the elimination of carbon dioxide.

Factors of Safety in the Endocrine System. In other paired organs we
find an even greater margin of safety than in the lungs and kidneys.
The cortex of the adrenal glands, of which we have two, is absolutely
essential to life. Complete removal of both glands ake in death in
36 hours. But if the tiniest bit of cortex is left—one tenth, to be exact
—the business of the body goes on as usual. Complete absence or
extreme deficiency of the thyroid at birth or before puberty results in
imbecility (cretinism) ; complete removal in later life results in myxedema,
with its slowing up of bodily and mental functions and other abnormal
consequences. Yet in some cases four fifths of the thyroid substance

36
has been removed without the appearance of untoward symptoms. |
The four parathyroid glands, each one about the size of a grape seed,
which are located on the back surface of the thyroid, are essential in
maintaining the normal calcium content of the blood. The loss of all
four results in fatal tetanic convulsions, but the loss of only two is not
followed by any disturbance at all.

Margins of Safety in the Nervous System. What holds true for paired
organs also is true for various paired nerves. A pair of nerves called the
vagus nerves, or vagi, form the grand trunk line for the outflow of nerve
impulses to organs of the chest and abdomen from the cranial division
of the autonomic nervous system. If both vagi are cut, the rhythm
of respiration is completely changed, the heart beats considerably faster
than usual, and digestion is seriously upset. Yet if only one of the vagi
is cut everything goes on as usual.

The cerebrum has two hemispheres and might for that reason be called a bilateral or
paired organ, but this is not a true designation in the sense that both hemispheres have
the same functions. We know that the cerebrum is a collection of many centers, both
sensory and motor, the injury of any one of which results in some sensory or motor
disturbance in a definite area of the body. Motor centers in the left hemisphere control
movements on the right side of the body, and those in the right hemisphere attend to
muscular movements on the left. Removal or serious damage to one cerebral hemi-
sphere results in paralysis on the opposite side of the body. This does not hold true,
however, for muscles contracting on both sides simultaneously—for example, those used
in swallowing and in breathing. In the case of these muscles the motor area of one

side can take charge of the muscles of both sides and thus maintain functions that are
required for continued existence.

Nerve cells, on the whole, do not regenerate. No new ones are created
to take the place of those destroyed as a result of disease or injury or
old age, as is the case for most of the other cells in the body. Since this
is true, we might assume that the brain has a very small margin of
safety. However, we seem to have a superfluity of brain tissue. Surgery
for the removal of brain tumor has brought to light the fact that one or
both of the two frontal lobes of the cerebrum may be completely removed
without interfering with cerebral function. Even though important
nerve centers in the brain or spinal cord may be destroyed, it is some-
times possible to educate adjacent centers or to arouse dormant centers
to take up the work of the lost ones. For example, when groups of
motor nerve cells in the spinal cord have been destroyed by the virus of
poliomyelitis, new connections between adjacent centers and the muscles
affected may be established.

Factors of Safety in Unpaired Organs. In the case of unpaired organs
we often find an even greater amount of surplus tissue than in paired
organs. The internal secretion, insulin, which is manufactured by
clusters of cells embedded in the pancreas, is required for the utilization
of sugar by the body. Complete removal of the pancreas in experi-
mental animals results at once in extreme diabetes. Yet if only one
fifth of the normal pancreas is left, enough insulin is produced to supply

37
the animal’s body with the quantity it needs. As Cannon points out,
the liver is the busiest and most versatile of all body organs. Yet three
fourths of the liver can be lost without causing any serious interference
with the important functions it performs.

The digestive system also has a wide margin of safety. Most of the
stomach can be removed without greatly impairing digestion and nutri-
tion. Some people have lost as many as 10 feet of small intestine without
serious results, and a large part of the large intestine can be cleared away
with impunity. Another factor of safety in the alimentary canal is
the provision of enzymes at various stages along the route which can
duplicate one another’s work.

Many more instances might be given to prove that our bodies are
constructed with a wide margin of safety. Perhaps the best proof is that
we ourselves, without being consciously aware of it, conduct our lives on
the assumption that our bodies are run according to an economy of
abundance rather than an economy of scarcity. Not until we are forced
to economize on bodily strength, not until we lose several feet of intestine
or a kidney or a lung, do we realize that we have been endowed by
Nature with more than enough rather than just enough to live on.

Here the old adage “willful waste makes woeful want” may be in-
serted as a warning. Factors of safety are for unlooked-for contingencies.
By and large we get along much better if we have all our parts in place
and working properly. It is not wise to spend reserves recklessly or to
invest them in risky ventures simply because we have them. It is a very
comfortable feeling to know they are there in a safe place ready to be
drawn on when the need arises. Thus, the fact that our bodies are con-
structed on an extravagant scale is no reason for sacrificing our reserves
to ambition, carelessness, ignorance, preventable infection, or whatever
else exacts the tribute that leads toward untimely death.

It is highly encouraging to note that immunization procedures, improved methods of
diagnosis, and other measures for controlling disease in childhood are making it possible
for many more people to grow up with their margins of safety undepleted. Thus we are
coming closer to that hope, so beautifully expressed by Dr. Lee K. Frankel, “‘of growing
old gracefully, in the possession of our mental and physical powers, so that whatever the
biologic age, whether the present one or whether through the efforts of science it may be
extended, the final breakup will come as came that of the deacon’s one-horse shay. A
century of unimpaired usefulness and then dissolution, with springs and axles and hubs
and tires going to pieces all at once. When we can approximate this happy state, we
shall understand what another great American poet meant when he asked us to meet
the great finale ‘like one who wraps the drapery of his couch about him, and lies down

to pleasant dreams.’ ”
REFERENCES

Warer B. Cannon. The Wisdom of the Body. W.W. Norton & Company, New York. 1939. Chapter XV.

The Harvey Lectures, 1906-07. J. B: Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1908. “The Factors of Safety in
Animal Structure and Animal Economy,” S. J. Metrzer. Pages 139-169.

ScHooL HeattuH BurEAU—WELFARE DIvIsIoNn

METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
38

METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY PRESS
NEW YORK, U.S.A.
87802
Name

Brock, Jeanne
Buescher, John F.
Buhler, Geraldine

Burchfield, Mary
Caldwell, Ken
Campbell, Delbert
Davis, Peggy

Deal, Betty
Doughty, Wanda Mae
Fisher, Annabel
Fruin, Catherina
Hodges, Warren D.
Longenecker, Louise
Kelley, Re
MeCaudless, Grace
MeGill, Virginia
McNown, Mary Louise
Oliver, Marjorie
Reed, Margaret Mary
Rice, Marilyn

Sherwood, Gene
Shuss, Althea
Tiembly, Beeky
Turner, Jesse Paul

George Diek

Topie

"Recreation and Mental Therapy"
“Recreation from a Municipal Standpoint"
“Camping as a Reereation"- or

"Leisure Time and Youth"

"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency”
"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency"
"Need for Rural Recreation and Playground"
"The Summer Camp"

“The Sumer Camp"

“Camping as a Reereation"

"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency”
"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency"
"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency"
"Summer Camps"

"The Chureh wnt Recreation"

"The Need for Rural Recreation and Playgrounds"
"Playgrounds and Juvenile Delinqueney"
Summer Camps-"Girl Scout Camps"

“Leisure Time and Youth"

"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency"

1."Recreation and Mental Therapy"
2."Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency"

(Will decide soon and turn in choice.)
“Leisure Time and Youth

"Recreation for Girls and Women"
"Recreation and Juvenile Delinquency"
"Leisure Time and Youth"

"Recreation from a Municipal Standpoint"
olqoeT

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"Satoghysd2 Leqtoiml 2 mort notssotoed"

to ~"nottser9ef 2s es gaiqms)"
"ddwoY bus emiT owetel”
"voneupsifed eLinewsl bas aoitse19ef"
 ““Yonespatfed elinersl bas a0 ftso100h"
"pasorwgysli bas moitsetsel Law 10% beeil”
“qme0 temeré edT”

— "qme remmse ext"

“aottsetoel s as aniqmsd"

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monoupattel elinevul bae no tteeroes"
“eaneeet efiaeval bas aottaeroel”

     

 
   

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: "Seeboqbaad® Leqtetaui 8 sort ao thaieoett”

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COMMUNITY RECREATION -- Wednesday, March 18

The Summer Session playground is equipped with the following facilities:
floodlights, stage with piano, shuffleboard courts, archery range, goal-hi stendards,
croquet, loop tennis, swings, aii ‘monkey mazes, teeter boards, etc.; also
facilities for swimming, golf, softball.

What is your conception of a weli~balanced seerention program for Uakwieed ty

faculty and students, and their families, for the summer term?
i. oi; Dalitatie tea cy at tie ee ee,
‘be Deseribe the theory of the successful defense.

Ze Elaborate upon the adnonition conerning angles and curves.
Se Describe (a) a legal starting of a dribble; (b) @ Legal dribble; (e) @ double dribble.
te int is the reek funetion of a dribble?

«Be Hatortne tas dheesnan of Whe Seyt Senile ont, 0 ove sian. Wnieh are preferable or

Ge Deseribe ture of « first class fighting men both on offense and
; ae a

t Elaborate upon the coach's esponsibilities and duties from the time when he takes
over, in talking to the candidates for the team until after he plays his first
championship game. (Pee The talk to the team is in next questions) = =

 

 

  

Be Give a pre-game and & between-halves talk to the team, using beth an analytical
amd en inspirational talk to oe

 

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to prevent it - first, if you had no money to buy vitemins, secondly, what vitamins
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Helen Adams Keller

Helen Adams Keller was born in Alabama, June twenty seventh, 1880.
When ae two years old she was deprived of both sight and hearing by
a severe attack of jekeiet fevere This in most cases would mean just ex-
isting, but to a woman of the powers of Helen Keller it was just another
haridicap to overcome. The parents of Helen upon tictinn ‘hebe daughter
deprived of two of her senses appealed to Alexander Graham Bell. The re-
sults of their plea was that Mrs. John A Macy,of the Perkins Institute of
the Blind went to her home to take care of her. In two months she had im-
parted to her apt pupil the art of languages Of course thés education did
not start till Helen was seven years of age. Helen Keller learned the deaf
and dumb language by touch, learned the braile system which enabled her
to read, and to wees her own special typewriter.

In 1890 She also learned to speak under the direction and instruction
of Miss Sarah Fuller. When twelve ‘years old she went to Boston where she
resided for several yearse In the year 1896 she entered the Cambridge
School for Young Ladies for the purpose of preparing for college work. Miss
Sullivan went with her to all classes and rapdeiel the lectures and dis-
cussions to her by the means of touche

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The work of her college course was done with aid of Miss Sullivan as in
preparitory sbhool. All of her textbooks were necessarily printed in Braile,
and she wrote her examinations on her special typewriter. Instead of enter-
ing in the class discussions which would have been impossible for her, she

had special scessions with her instructor in which she could show her know-
   
   
   
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
      
   

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Ledge or ask any questions that she might desire. In additim to carrying
a full college course she took part in the social activities of the school.
Helen was always very well ikea by her classmates ako ward somewhat awed
by her ability 0 do so well.

After graduation she served on the Massachussetts Commission For The
Blind and on various some dtler in aid of the blind. She has become well
known as a lecturer, and has traveled all over the world lecturing to
large audiences. She also has become well known in the educational field
and cultural possibilities of the plies Miss Ketber has written many books,
the most famous being her autobiography.

The life of Helen Keller is inspiring to others who have similar hand-
icaps, and also be Sides Wie suffer not from physical handicaps, but from
nothing but laziness. The life of Helen Keller shows the great possibilities
of the touch sense. Palpation may be used to a great advantage if we wipl

ve
just train oursel#fs to take advantage of this touch sense.
‘THE LIFE OF HELEN KELLER

Ralph E Schaake
“Theory and practice of athletic

Training.

 
 

The Life of Helen Keller.

This is a story of a life in which gigantic difficulties were over-
come. A life was begun then nearly stopped abruptly and begun againg
without some of the very vitel fundamental characteristics that every
other person to live his life with.

Helen Keller was botn June 27, 1880 in a small town in northern
Alabama by the name Of Tuscumbia. The home of Helen Keller was called
"Ivy Green", Helen Keller was a normal child for nearly nineteen months.
Tnis is the time in the life of an individual that he or she begins to
grasp subconsciously the facts of his or her existerice. Helén Keller
walked at the age of one year, as do many children.

Acute conjestion of the stomach and brain caused the loss of her
sight slowly and also her hearing.

Upon recovery to mobile state once more this girl @n a world of her own
began to function again slowly. Before she was able to understand or speak,
she was plunged into a bleak dark world in which there was not the normal
reactions that everyone else has. Everything was different for her. She
lived and learned of nature with her hands in the early years, but not. until
leter did she realize that within herself she had learned. She used her
hands from the beginning of her dark life. Her sense of touch, smell, pressure,
and all others were made more acute by the loss of the sense of sight and
hearing. At the age of five she was able to do minor jobs in the household
of her mother.

Miss Ann Mansfield Sullivan arfived in March 1887, three months before
Helen Keller was seven years old, to teach her.

This day, Miss Keller describes as being the most important day of her life.

The patiemce, love, and care that Miss Sullivan exerted with Helen Keller

is something to be marveled.

 
 

By the time tha*t Miss Sullivan arrived to teach Helen Keller, Miss
Keller's sense of touch, smell and all others were so quickened that it
was not nearly so difficult for her to use her hands effectively.

Helen Keller was grasping, eager, and willing, to use the material whish
was at her disposal. Her desire for knowledge was the impulse that made
her advance so rapidly.

Miss Keller's life depend3d upon the sense of touch. It was that she
received the stimlations of the world about her wth her hands that had
developed so keen a sense of touch.

In 1890 by use of the some of touch Miss Keller learned to speak.

Hers was a live of imitations. She had no other way to learn.

Wiss Keller relates —- experiences at lengths which I cannot describe
but upon reading and studying mush can be learned from the story of her life.
One factor is that we as individuals do not develop to a very great
extent , physically speaking. That is that we actually do not utilize out
specially designed senses as much as we could if we had to. Jt also shows

that we do not take very good care of the mechanism by which we live so
easily. Our task of living in the purest sense is comparatively simple.

Instead of havéng one sense to depend upon for our very existence we have
many, both direct and indirect to aid us in living.

| In pointing out the advantages that we have in living our lives we should
be constantly ee to develop them to their fullest extent; to make ourselves
more effective as functioning parts of an organizations; and to help others
realise that they also can do much better. .

Miss Keller attended college and graduated., and here we struggle with
so many advantages and often fail to do the job. She could read, write,
visualize very accurately and almost hear with her hands. She used her own
typwriter without the benefit of hearing or sight. So sensitive were her

hands thet she could feel and tell types of feeling that was expressed in

the tone of ones voliceée

 
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