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(c} Combination--or the accidents where there is a dual responsibil-
ity of the individual and group:

1. Automobile
2-e Machinery
oe obreetcar
4, Railroad

Automobile Accidents--The repid increase of motor propelled vehicles
has led to an enormous number of fatal and non-fatal accidents with all
of their personal and social consequences.

 

The importance of this problen justifies a little closer study of
the causes and methods of prevention of this class of causes of ill health.

Study this problem as a typical example of the facts necessary and
method to be employed in mechanical causes of ill health.

See references at end of section and be prepared to discuss analy-
sis of automobile accidents by cause.

Defense against Accidents--A successful plan of defensive hygiene
must include both education and regulation.

 

Education of Individual

 

(a) Children--Moderm cmditions make it necessary that the education
of the child to protect itself should be begun early. It should
be made an important part of the health program of the schools.

(b) Adults--Safety campaigns in both industry and the general com
munity should be promoted with sufficient freouency and inten-
sity to thoroughly inform every adult of the accident hazards.

 

Regulation--Notwithstanding the soundmess of the educational efforts,
a well-planmed, adequately-enforced set of regulations are necessary.

(c) Automobile Regulations——Adoption and enforcement of standard
eutomobile code--regulation of pedestrian traffic.

 

(bo) Industrial. Regulations--All but five states in the United States
have compensation laws--enforcement of safeguarding.

 

(c) Public Utilities--The regulation of public utilities such as
railroads and steamships is en important part of control of
accidents.

 

References: Storey--Defensive Hygiene, Chapter 14,
Rosenau-—Preventive Medicine.
Bossard-—Problems of Social Well-Being, Chapters 19-20.
(See further references at end of these chapters)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:

 

1. What is the estimted annual cost of accidents in the U. S.?

2. Discuss the social problems involved in accidents.