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D. THE HYGIENE OF EXERCISE -- SUMMARY

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Muscular activity does more than develop muscular strength, skill and
endurance. It is the fundamental developer of all the organic systems
and functions of the body: circulatory, respiratory, excretory, heat
regulatory, nervous, menti moter, and even skeletal structures. Muscular
action begins in the nervous system its influence on nutritive and all
other functions relating to a healthy body.

Fxercise should be adanted to: age, sex, strength, and vitality of the
individual; to occupation, and to climatic conditions.

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For Children: Pley is best; play is the "driving urge” in childhood
to insize organic development; a healthful environment and opvortunity
for whoicsome vlay life should be meintained through social organi-
zaticn and leadership to secure normal physical, mental, and social
health. Evidence of recognition of above in playgrounds since 1906,
and in required physical education movements since 1916.

For Adolescents: A period of rapid growth and stormy mental life;
needs and capacities at this stage of life should be reckoned with
in the organization and leadership in activitics at this period; big
muscle-social activities represented by team games; athletics and
rhythmic activities are best for this age; dangers where adolescents
are stimulated by wrong standard of competition; high school and
college programs of physical education; their organization and
administration.

 

For Adults: Exercise should be enjoyable, moderate, satisfying;
participated in primarily for recreation and conditioning values;
variability in intensity and duration reouired to satisfy organic and
other needs at ages from 25 to 50 years of age; types of activity
suitable for different age levels.

For Later Years; Activity level should be lower; changes in organism
which must be taken into account; deterioration of tissues; lessened
elasticity of arterial walls etc. These changes are often hastened
by unfavorable ways of living; types of activity for these age levels;
golf, walking, gerdening, horseback riding, etc.

 

Occupation: Sedentary occupations reouire definite planning for
regular exercise; should be recreative and not too strenuous to
maintsin henlth; strenuous muscular occupations should be reflected

in types of recreative activities selected by the individual; discrim-
inating judgements essential; organizations and movements which attempt
to meet these needs.

Other hygienic considerations in the regulation of exercise:

(1) Fatigue: Causes; effects of habituation to exercise; normal
fatigue; chronic fatigue.

(2) “tuscular soreness: Theories as to cause.