a a

TIT, DEVELOPMENT OF DEFENSIVE HYGIENE FACILITIES.

 

Man's powers to defend himself against the ravages of disease and
death have revolved around the evolution of the physician. In every age
the methods of defense have been dominated by theories of disease in vogue
at the particular time. To understand modern medicine it is necessary to
trace its history.

1.

Se

Ce

Primitive Medical Practice and the Demonic Theory.

Demons and disease linked in minds of primitive folk, No know-
ledge of disease from within. Cures in the form of charms, in-
cantations, etc.

Early Greek Medicine (500 3. C.)

Pestilences endowed with life and thought to be present in the
air. To be controlled by sacrifices and prayers. Little ad-
vance in anatomy and physiology.

Hippocrates--the Father of Medicine (460-377 B. C.), influenced
thought intensely for 500 years.

(a) His theory of healing power of nature.
{(b) His theory of 4 humors.
(c) His theory thet disease caused by natural causes, not
supernatural.
(a) His physician's code of ethics.
Early Roman Medicine (A. D. 150)

The age of campilations. Blind followers of tradition.

Galen——the first noted experimental physician. Influenced medi-

cine for 1000 years.

(a) Discovered that brain was center of nervous system.
(vb) Discovered function and purpose of kidneys.
(c) Discovered action of heart valves.

Medicine in Middle Ages (400-1453 A. D.)

Reversion to mysticism ani demons in early part of Middle Ages,
Church sole arbiter of mowledge. No particular advance in medi~
cine. Medical dogmas held sway.

Medicine in 16th Century.

Révival of learning came with explorations and the invention of
the printing presse

Verselius--with his studies revived anatomy. Galen's teachings ques-

tioned. Empiricism held sway.

Medicine in 17th Century.

Great advance in matomy. Rebirth of medical interest. The micro-
scope in use. Physiology as a science,