C,

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8. To have sex desire, normally active and properly directed and controlled.
THE FIELD OF HYGIENE

Hygiene is based upon:both the physical sciences and the social sciences.

It has been built from the sciences of biclory, anatomy, physiology, chemistry,
physics, bacteriology, sociology, psychology, and statistics. The problem

of hygiene is to so present sum facts as a basis for rational living that
they may influence the manner of life of the individual and the group ina

way to prevent unnecessary disease and premature death.

The field of hygiene may be divided for purposes of discussion into several
parts, Definitions of terms: General hygiene; constructive hygiene;
defensive hygiene; group hygiene; societal hygiene; individual hygiene.

Avplied hygiene means the application of the scientific facts of hygiene to
the individual, the group, and to society in generals Some other groupings
of hygiene are sometimes used, such as: Personal hygiene; school hvgiene;
occupational hygiene; public hvgiene; sanitary science.

EVIDENCE OF NEED FOR A HYGIENE PROGRAM

In considering the advisability of a hygiene program for the individual,
group, or community, the student should wnsider and weigh cerefully the
evidence which is available to justify the expenditure of the time and money
involved in the adoption of such a program. This evidence may be considered
under three heads: (1) Statistical; (2) biological; (3) economic.

le Statistical Evidence

 

The statistical evidence for a hygiene program is secured through a
recording, tabulating, and studying of the births, deaths, and sick-
nesses occurring in the various political divisions of the United States.
The reports upon which these statistics are based are secured by laws
requiring sud reports. For greater accuracy and to sécure a more com-
plete picture the Registration Areas for Births and Deaths have been
established.

These births, deaths, and sidrnesses are tabulated according to a defin-
ite standardized classification. International Classification of Causes
of Death is revised every ten years, For comparative purposes, the tabu-
lations of these reports are expressed in various rates: Birth rate,
erude death rate, specific death rate, standardized or adjusted death
rate, infant mortality rate.

Mortelity Statistics. Diseases may be classified as Communicable and
Non-communicable, A large percentage of Communicable diseases can be
prevented. An analysis of the mortality tables for the Registration

Area of the United States since 1900 indicates some interesting and
significant changes in the relative numbers of deaths from various causes,
Compare the 10 most frequent causes of death in United States during the
year of 1900 with those of 1926. Other causes of death of impertance

are: Typhoid fever, diphtheria, diabetes, syphilis, and puerperal causes.