*

Il.

safe

 

 

Recognition of the cell was one of the great fundamental discoveries in
science, for it offered the key to solution of every biological problem.
William Robert Hooke (1668) first applied the term "cell" and is credited

Realization of its significance gradually became clearer to biologists,
until Schleiden and Schwann formulated the so-called "cell theory" in

Fourteen years later (1852), Remak and Virchow demonstrated that living
matter could come only from other living matter, a revolutionary con-

Advances in this field had awaited the development of the campound
microscope. Lister is credited with the achievement in 1850.

Early stages of the development of the microscope lead back to ancient
Ninevah, Greece, and Rome. Application of microscope for scientific

a. Galileo--for his work with use of lenses (1609).
b. Kircher--first to report living micré-organisms (1646).
ec. Van Leeuwenhoek--improvement of microscope (1632-1723).

Modern period of microscopy dates from 1830. With improvements in magni-
fication, illumination, and control, it became a perfected instrument

 

The development of laboratory technique was of equal importance with the
improvement of the microscope, Hundreds of patient, devoted, and un=
known laboratory workers devised the methods for fixing, hardening, sec=-

tioning, mounting, and staining specimens, and for their study in the

BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HYGIENE ~ THE CELL
A. HISTORICAL
le Discoveries
with its discovery.
1838, a major step in scientific progress.
ception at that time.
2. The Microscope
purposes is associated with a few great names:
d. Hooke--first used term "cell". (1668).
of scientific investigation.
3. Laboratory Technique
living state.
B. THE UNITS OF LIFE

The mystery of life is bound up in minute bodies or particles we have
come to call cells. The cell is the smallest unit of living matter.
Our bodies may be resolved into a vast assembly of these units. Out of
them, with their great variations in structure and function, are built
all of the complex organs and systems of the human body. If we are to
have an intelligent understanding of our bodies as a basis for sound
constructive hygiene we should be familiar with:

a, The anatomy or structure of the cell...
be The physiology or functions of the cell,