JOINT BASKETBALL COMMITTER Oswald Tower, Eiitor Andover, Massachusetts BULLETIN ON THE 1932-1953 BASKETBALL RULES Rule 14, Section 12. When a player has possession of the ball in his free throw lane with his back toward his basket, he must get the ball outside the lane within three seconds. The three-second limit applies even though he turns toward the bas- ket. In other words, the three-second count starts as soon as he takes the posi- tion described, and continues as long as he is in the free throw lane regardless of whether he is facing the basket during part of the count. This ruling was made by the Executive Committee of the Joint Basketball Rules Committee October 24 and can- cels previous interpretations concerning this rule. Rule 8, Section 8. Failure to comply with the provisions of the ten-second rule is a violation, involving loss of ball te the opponents. At what point out of bounds is the ball awarded? If team A fails to get the ball out of its back court within ten seconds, the ball is awarded to team B out of bounds on the side gppo- site the point where it is when the official's whistle blows to call the violation, If team A, having advanced the ball to its front court, returns the ball to its back court illegally, the violation occurs when the ball passes the center line and therefore the ball is awarded out of bounds at one end of the center line. The whistle should not be blown, however, until the ball is touched in the back court by team A, because if it is first touched by team B it continues in play and the violation is disregarded. ‘then the bail is passed back over the center line il- legally by team A and then goes out of bounds in team Ats back court without touch ing any player, team A has committed two violations. In this case, the ball would be awarded to team B where it went out of bounds unless team B prefers to have the ball at mid-court. In other words, team B has an option. If teem A receives the bail in its front court from an out of ‘beunds pass, te- gardless of the out of bounds point from which the pass was made, team A may cause the ball to go back over the center line once. The same is true if team A re¢dives * ball on a jump ball tap, even though the jump ball may have taken place iy team A’s back court. Some teams whose courts are small propose to use the ten-second rule by drawing two lines across the court, thirty-five or forty feet from either end line, in- stead of a center line. It is recognized that such a plan is desirable on ‘many courts and the Committee does not object to it provided it is agreeable to all . teams which are scheduled to play on the courts which are so changed. State or sectional associations are authorized to make such special arrangements for teams under their jurisdiction. ; November 1, 1932. 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Yio 10 eviteyitidt ,¢tuoo oft aeotbe eeall owt Be so elderieeb @i malq.s dow tedt beslagooot ci ti iemll seties 2 Io beote iig of eldesetas at ti bebtvorq $f of foot do-ton amb sett timed edt Sas atic. ‘$e e¢s72 .5onmado Ge orp doldw atavoe oft ao yeig Gt beluberdon ets doldw nieot ans oy ot atwemoyiens istoeqe dove oviest oF foxttodiss ora eaplisioossa Lenotteds got fot bait ‘-todt treba’ .S8@L ,1 todmovoit Minutes of the Annual Conference Representatives of Chartered Boards - Hotel McAlpin, New York City April 7, 195<. Dr. John Brown, Jr., Chairman of the Basketball Officials Committee, called the conference to order at 10:15 a.m., giving a brief talk of wel- come to the representatives. Representatives of the following Boards were present: Connecticut State Board. ... Central Gonn. District... « « New Heaven District « «+s « -. Bastern Gorn. District. « + + * Fairfield County District... District of Columbia 1... 2 s « PIGFIGR BUGtGs. 6 2s Sow Ee es Western Maine District .... Maryland District. ...«..-. $astern Maes. District . +. «-« New Hampshire State. . . ..« « North Jersey District. ... . South Jersey District. .... Westehester District «< «+ « s Central Hudson Valley District Rockland County District... Central-Southern N.Y. District Southern New York District. . Northern New York District. . Western New York District . » Brooklyn New York District. . Long Island District . ... .« southwestern New York District Pennsylvania State . . ... .« Philadelphia Local . -« « « « « Wercneescern 1666] 4. . «se Cévitral Fem. District .. +. « Western Penn. District . .. « Pittsburgh Local . 1. 4 2 + «6 »* TeMMGSEOG StACO. « = «© 2 «6 TGSGG Beaten «6 tk ee wee S. B, Viewing Otacrigt. . : . Northern West Virginia District. George H. Taylor Leonard R. Nixon James kk. Coogan Randolph Whaples A. J. #Klliano C. E. Beckett W. L. Quinlan Ralph Studebaker Charles S. Allen E. C. Roundy Valentine Lentz Edw. M. Kelleher George S. Clark John E. Burke Thomas Wachenfeld, Jr. Harry W. Baldwin Frank Ferguson Kenneth E. Smullin C. H. Pease Clinton S. Leonard F. W. Helm R. S.. Jones J. W. Bittig W. J. Davison HB. 3B. Grtner A. E. Filsinger Joe Tobin Je Fe TOBIN, UT John F. Roeser Ray C. Witter R. E. Evans B. W. Saul Ek. W. Case Lewis Miller A. Lester Crapser H. O. Dayhoff C. M. Pollock Dan Brickley Calvin Bolster C. M. Eyler F. A. Sehmidt W. M. Forbes C. P. Sehnott Report of Basketball Officials Committee Report of Advisory Committee Members of the Joint Basketball Committee L. W. St. John, Columbus, Ohio; G. T. Hepbron, New York; J. H. Crocker, London, Ont., Canada; Gustav K. Tebell, Charlottesville, Va.; Dr. W. &. Meanwell, Madison, Wisc.; William McK. Barber, New York City, N.Y.; E. J. Hickox, Springfield, Mass. Other guests present Professor H. W. Clark of Harvard Athletic Association, Cambridge, Mass., and H. G. Olson of the National Basketball Coaches Association, Columbus, Ohio. _— Sell Ol Sl le After the roll call, credentials were filed. Reports of the chartered boards were read in the order as listed on page 1. (See summary of reports appended, pages 1-13), Dr. Brown appointed the following Nominating Committee - W. J. Davison, Chairman; C. &. Beckett; A. L. Crapser. The Chairman presented the annual report of the Basketball Offi- cials Committee, as follows: "The past season shows the following sta- tistics: 5 new boards organized, with a total of 91 new members; Total number registered through the National office...245; Total num- ber registered through the chartered boards...2641; Total of both... 2886. Increase of 227 men over last season's registration. Summary of the financial statement - Balance in Bank, March 31, 1931....$1037.49 Total receipts for 1931-1932 SCASON. ccccesceressecesesesssser 4971.26 Disbursements for season.....seeses 9668.00 Net operating balance........e.e§ 205+77 Denk DPelence, April 1, 1952.< .eosec@lZ05.26 The Officials Committee have voted $303.26, leaving the $1,000.00 re- serve fund in the bank. On motion, the report of the Officials' Committee was approved. The recommendation to continue the financial policy, approved by the Joint Basketball Committee at its meeting held April 11, 1931, was endorsed. The Advisory Committee report was presented by the Secretary, Mr. Thomas Wachenfeld, Jr. This Committee took action on the following - Fees for Officiating. It was considered inadvisable to attempt to establish any national schedule of fees, due to the varying conditions which prevail throughout the country. Handbook, The Committee considered this matter and voted not to publish a handbook at this time. Joint Basketball Committee Represen- tatives — National Advisory Committee Members Membership Confined to One Board. It was recommended "That aman should not be allowed to join two Boards. If how- ever it is acceptable to both Boards concerned, he may affiliate with the board of his choice, either where he resides or where he is employed. If otherwise, then he shall affiliate with the Board within whose ter- ritory he resides." National Official Emblem. The Committee unanimously voted to adopt an emblem - red lettering, white trimming, blue background; this to be handled through the office of the Basketball Officials Committee. National Uniform. A questionnaire study was conducted, the results indicating the inadvisability of adopting a Na- tional uniform at this time. Increased Representation. It was recommended that the offi- cials be given equal representation on the Joint Basket- ball Committee to that of the other major bodies. The following reasons were advanced in support of this re- quest for more adequate representation. 1. Official contributes to the financing. a. . is important in administration of the . game. 3. : has point of view regarding merits of proposed revisions. 4. . group - one of the largest organized groups in basketball. B. . uniformity, standardizing, interpreta- tion of rules. 6. . carries out policies of Joint Basket- ball Committee. Ke . has unbiased and impartial point of view. On motion, the actions and recommendations of the Advisory Com- mittee were approved. Election of representatives to the Joint Basketball Committee. The Nominating Committee presented the names of Edw. M. Kelleher of Boston and Thomas Wachenfeld, Jr., of Orange, N. J.; Joe Tobin of Buffalo was nominated from the floor. On ballot, Messrs. Kelleher and Wachenfeld were elected. Election of additional members of Advisory Committee. Prior to the election, it was voted to increase the membership of the Advisory Committee to include eight (instead of six) members, in addition to the two members serving on the Joint Basketball Committee. The Nominating Committee presented the slate. On motion, they were elected. The priority of members to serve on the Joint Basketball Committee, in the event of that Committee giving increased membership to this body, was indicated by ballot, as follows: Addresses by speakers 1. Calvin Bolster 5. Carl P. Schott 2. Joe Tobin 6. Clement M. Kyler 5. Valentine Lentz ; 7. W. Le Quinlan 4. George Taylor 8. E. C. Roundy The Conference recessed for luncheon at 12:45 p.m. The Chairman called the afternoon session to order at 2:45 p.m.. This was devoted to a consideration of "What Is Good Officiating." Following are some of the high points in the addresses: L. W. St. John - Good officiating is officiating which gives the largest measure of satisfaction to the player and to the spectator. We must have a set of rules and they must be substantially what we have at the pres- ent time. Administration of these rules must always be tempered with good judgment and common sense. From the standpoint of the player - "it would be a lot more fun if the officials would let us play the game." It would be better from the standpoint of satisfaction to the spectators and players if some of the fouls were not called. Regarding stalling, the following comment was recently made: "We have two smart coaches, but they are ruining the game." The players naturally want to play ball and would not stall but for coaching in that style of play. From the standpoint of good officiating and from the standpoint of the Rules Revision Com- mittee: Sensible interpretation of the rules is essential to good offici- ating. Knowledge of the fundamentals of the game is a pre- requisite. A basketball player is entitled to take any position on the floor; he has a right to do this. The element of timing enters into this. The burden of proof is on the dribbler if a collision results from severe bodily contact. The fundamental considera- tion is for a minimum amount of personal contact. A safe guide for good officiating is to see that you are checking with the fundamentals of the game. Good officiating does not allow players to take advantage of the traveling rule. A good official will not allow a player to take advantage of him in the way of delaying the game for any purpose whatsoever, or in allowing a player to play fast and loose. All palpable errors should be avoided in the handling of a game. It is better not to call a foul that is questionable. Guessing is not good officiating. Good officiating requires that you do your utmost to be in proper position to see what actual- ly happens. Don't get your attention too closely on the player who has the ball and who is playing it. Focus your attention on the side, toward the end, and get out-of-bound plays and see the play that is important and that actually happens. Dr. Walter E. Meanwell - We like the official to be business-like, to understand the date of his appointment, sending a letter to confirm same, presenting expense account in a business-like manner, and to arrive on time. The official should look the part on the floor; a good physical condition and appearance go a long way to sell the official to the audi- ence. It is important to secure the good-will of the audience. Convey to them that you are honest, human and not taking the game too serious- ly. Assume a happy manner with good-will to both players and spectators. Personal interpretation is important. Develop personal relations with the coaches and players. It is important for young officials to give no decisions of which they are not positive. Snap judgment is very bad for the game. The of- ficial should call only what he actually sees. Making a decision re- garding a play in a far corner with intervening players on snap judgment is poor officiating. If you cannot actually see the play, let it go. No more whistle blowing than is absolutely necessary. From the standpoint of the coach - Have the official know very defi- nitely that the rules permit a man to gain and then retain any position on the floor. Any time a player comes in contact with an opponent who has assumed a position on the floor, the offensive player must deviate to avoid con- tact at such an angle that the guarding man if he stands still will not be hit. The young official should be coached as to the danger of allowing traveling to get the better of him. Administer the traveling rule as the rule indicates. Professor H. W. Clark - The relations between the coach and the official should be that of two friends interested in the same activity. Uniform interpretation of the rules is very important. The Chairman expressed appreciation to those present and to the of- ficers of the various boards for their active cooperation during the year and also in contributing to the success of this meeting. The Conference recommended that a note be addressed to Mr. Dan B. Dougherty of Pittsburgh and Mr. H. G. Reynolds of Chicago, Ill., extend- ing its greetings, and stating that they were missed this year. Meeting adjourned 4:45 p.m. John Brown, Jr. Chairman A banquet was held in the Marine Room of the McAlpin Hotel from 6:50 to 8:15 p.m. with an attendance of thirty-eight. 1931 - 1932 CONNECTICUT STATE BOARD . Board's first State-wide Basketball Interpretation Meeting at Middletown. Changes in rules explained; fouls demonstrated. Wesleyan University basket- ball squad staged demonstration game. Supervisor of Lxaminations appointed to make arrangements for written and practical examination of candidates. Next year it is planned to have applicants work preliminary games for their practical floor test. CENTRAL CONNECTICUT DISTRICT BOARD Three meetings, well attended - largely due to the fact that we impose 4 fine of One Dollar a meeting if a member misses more than one a season. A well attended and worthwhile interpretation meeting was held in conjunc- tion with our annual Banquet. EASTERN CONNECTICUT DISTRICT BOARD A membership of twelve. During the past year five applicants took examina- tions but all unsuccessful. Meetings every three weeks during the playing season. FAIRFIELD COUNTY DISTRICT BOARD Officials have gained more prestige than ever in county basketball circles. More calls have been received by our men to handle scholastic and league games throughout the county than in any previous year. A marked interest in our organization has been shown in Danbury and Stam- ford, with prospects of developing new officials and better officiating a good outlook for the new year. NEW HAVEN DISTRICT BOARD A membership of forty-four officials. Included in this number is one inac- tive official and one honorary member. Fifteen new applicants were admittea, eight being probationary members, carried over from last season. Dues have again been lowered, members paying five dollars per year. New applicants pay but six dollars before taking the examination,those failing to pass either the written or practical tests are refunded three dollars. DELAWARE CENTRAL BOARD Board started the year with 21 old members, one by transfer from Harrisburg, Pa. We transferred one member to the North Jersey Board. We entered 5 by means of the examination. A total of seven took the exam and two failed. It was moved, seconded and passed that the Secretary-treasurer of the Board be excused from paying the annual dues of five dollars. Basketball in this state is popular. Majority of games are handled by Board members. The Delaware Interscholastic Athletic Association recommends Board officials for all its games. The Board is working toward a uniformity of Officiating, which is gradually raising the standard in this State. WASHINGTON, D.C., AND VICINITY Our Board has started on its 12th year with a membership of 29 active and 5 probationary members. Six meetings were held, 5 were regular and 1 a special meeting. Our last meeting was held March 7, following the Annual Banquet. Twenty-four of our regular members, 4 of our probationary members, and 12 guests (coaches from some of the colleges, special, and private schools) were in attendance, mak- ing a total of 40. The past season has been a good one, its members have been called upon to work more games than ever before. More and more coaches of colleges, high schools, preparatory schools, private schools, U. S. Service teams, as well as independent teams are calling on Board members to officiate their games. District of Columbia A.A.U. Championships used Board officials to offici- ate in the games of their tournament which makes the 5th consecutive tournament in which our men have officiated. FLORIDA STATE BOARD Membership will show no increase over the preceding year. Our dues are $4.00 for a new member and $3.00 for a renewal. We have adopted an insignia to be worn on the sweator of the Approved Official. Through the cooperation of the Vice-Presidents in the various sections of the State, there was more demand for Approved Officials throughout the State and, this year for the first time, an Approved Official was used in the State High School Basketball Tournament. Indications are that next season may bring a rather general demand for Approved Officials in all Inter-Scholastic games. The interest in Basketball continues to inerease and, with the large numbers now playing the game, a big fan support is gradually accumulating. CHICAGO DISTRICT BOARD The Board met every Monday night, beginning with the first Monday in Novem- ber to the first of the year. Meetings were then held every other week.’ The meetings are generally started with a short business meeting and followed by the "Interpretation Meeting." Our style of examination questions have been used throughout the entire State, in fact, it is the exact A.O.A. examination taken by every athletic official in the State of Illinois. We started the season with 104 old members in good standing. Had over fifty inquiries for application blanks. Some forty new men took the examinations and fourteen passed and obtained active membership after being placed on probation for the remainder of the year. We also have two "honorary Members" on our roll. Our men work in practically all of the Leagues in Cook County. Our members worked many of the Big Xmas Tournaments, some in the National Catholic Tournament, "University of Chicago Xmas Tournament, a great number of them in the State Dis- trict, State Sectionals and one of our men in the State Finals again this year for the third consecutive year. Two Leagues use nothing but A.0.A. men. One League voted to use our men for 1932 and 1933, both in Football and Basketball. Another new League came in this year and for 1932 and 1933 we will also assign all of their officials. All in all, the Chicago Board, as time goes on, becomes more solidly established each year and gains added prestige in Illinois. The weaker men are gradually weeded out, entrance requirements have been tightened up and standards raised considerably. ive look for another very successful season in 1932 and 1933 since most of the men are already under contract for most of their Friday night games for the coming season. Our treasury is in excellent shape with a nice balance on hand. EASTERN MAIN® DISTRICT BOARD Voted to hold demonstration and interpretation meeting early in the fall. Various discussions and business concerning local board taken up and disposed of. Voted to conduct some campaign to reach all small schools in our district and to insure uniform service over the entire district by allowing members to set own fee. We held a demonstration meeting and had the two men who had attended Nation- al conference present to give interpretations and demonstrate the rules. An ex- cellent meeting and one that helped to give us all the same interpretation of the rules. We held examinations for applicants for membership on our board. Six were examined and four were passed. WESTERN MAINE DISTRICT BOARD Two regular meetings three demonstration meetings held. The board has been the most active of any year in its history. The Portland Meeting held two weeks earlier this year with a larger attend- ance. 77 members and friends were present to the dinner and over 100 were present to hear Mr. Oswald Tower speak. At gatherings previous there are usually about 45 present. It was voted to adopt an official jersey of vertical black and white stripes, and an official jacket. To hold three demonstration meetings. To publish a list of officials to be sent to all coaches, schools and clubs in the district. Six examinations were given with 40 men taking the examinations and 20 the re-examination. 12 were accepted on the first examination out of the 40 and 9 were accepted out of the 20 on the re-examination. The men presenting themselves this year appeared to be far above the calibre of those during the past few years. Membership now the largest in the history of the board with 78 members. Fi- nances are in excellent shape with a balance of $75.05 in cash and assets of $210.00 with all bills paid to date. Three demonstration meetings were held with coaches, players and those in- terested in the game present. The game was stopped at anytime to interpret why such a rule was called and to demonstrate various interpretations. These meet- ing each year have done much toward making a more uniform grade of work through- out the board. EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS DISTRICT BOARD We have just completed the most successful year in our history. Our board is twelve years old. Annual demonstration game at the Harvard Indoor Athletic Building, attended by over 900 officials, coaches, and players. bighty per cent of our members are wearing the regularly adopted uniform jacket with insignia of the association. We hold one examination each year, early in March. We do not give a re-examination. This year 90 took the examination and 61 passed. Our members last year numbered 215; this season, after dropping 12 for non-payment of dues and 5 having moved to other sections, we have on our books, 266 members. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Boys' Club of Boston, and - the City of Boston Amateur Basketball Tournament held their tournaments which were handled by members of our board. We held our annual banquet on March 14, and all present enjoyed the evening. We have made plans to broadcast some college and high school games next year, and we have also taken moving pictures showing numerous fouls committed, and the position of officials during the game. We plan to show these at schools and colleges early next December. WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS DISTRICT BOARD The Board held three meetings. The officers for the ensuing year were elect- ed and the dues were collected for the season 1932-33 at the February meeting. We have 87 members. Our members have handled practically all the leading high school, preparatory school, college, and amateur league games in this dis- trict. The major tournaments have used approved officials from our Board. ‘Following is a list of the publications sent out to the members of the West- ern Massachusetts Board: 1. A letter including Mr. Oswald Tower's interpretations on two rulings that came up in the first interpretations meeting. 2. Keport cards for officials to fill in and send back. 5. Report cards for schools to fill in and send back. 4. An official roster sent to the colleges, preparatory schools, and in- dependent teams of the district. 5. 4 letter recommending the officials in our district to agree on the following rulings subject to the approval of the coaches: blocking, held balls, traveling. 6. Instructions to Timekeepers and Scorers. 7. Technique or mechanics of officiating the double referee system. 48 took the examinations; 14 passed. There are to be two examinations in Springfield, Amherst, and Pittsfield, and the final meeting at Springfield, with all the examining boards together so that anyone who has failed previously may have an opportunity to pass before these nine examiners. If a man fails to pass the examination he must return to the same board for re-examination, with the exception that he may take the final examination at Springfield at the meeting of the three boards. The applicants must pass the written examination before taking the floor work. The president and secretary must be present at all these examinations. The Board voted to adopt an official jacket described as follows: scarlet body with grey trimmings; insignia white with scarlet lettering inscribed: West- ern Massachusetts Approved Official. Twenty members have purchased these jackets. NEW HAMPSHIRE STATE BOARD Two regular meetings, one special meeting. One official Interpretation game. This Board asked to conduct a game spon- sored by the white Mountain Interscholastic Basketball League, which was well at- tended. Examinations were given to sixteen members and seven passed the required written and practical test. Our Board now has (51) members, and our dues are $5.00 a year. Our Balance in Treasury is $228.12. NORTH JERSEY BOARD The past season one of construction and planning. No time spent in going over anything that happened in the past which gave us the opportunity to study, plan and advance our ideas which we hope will be for the good of the Organization. We have a system which takes care of details in every City, Town and Hamlet in our territory and does not take up the time of our iKxecutive Committee, unless it is something serious and considered worth while to present. Our Executive Com- mittee is selected from the different counties and in which every organization is represented; high Schools, Y.M.C.A.s, etc. khach member of our Executive Committee represents the Board in the territory in which he resides and anything that should come up, differences, business, or otherwise is first taken care of and looked into by our Representative and in most cases settled right there and then. If too serious or too large a problem it is then presented to the Executive Committee. We are proud of the record and work of our Interpretation Committee. We ap- point an official Interpreter who works under guidance of our National Interpreter. All questions and requests for interpretations are referred to our official Inter- preter, who, with his Committee answers and settles all questions. Members are mostly active and all meetings have been well attended. Applications for membership have fallen off considerably, due to the depres- sion, as we charge $8.00 registration fee. One outstanding feature of this year's work has been the co-operation of the Coaches with us. SOUTH JERSEY BOARD One of the most active seasons we have ever had. On December lst, we held our Official Interpretation Meeting where we had 51 of our 68 registered officials present in addition to approximately 150 high school coaches, captains, players, and others interested in Basketball.- Our rule which states that a person missing three successive official meet- ings, will be dropped from the Board, has been effective in keeping our members up in their attendance. Assignments of officials were made for two complete interscholastic leagues this year. The schools this year used only registered officials, Constitutions of the various leagues requiring that only registered officials shall work their ball games. To attempt to get scholastic games in New Jersey without a card is next to impossible. Our fees are $5.00 per year, with a $5.00 initiation and $3.00 examination fee for beginners, making a total of $13.00 for the new member. This high fee eliminates all those who might take the examination, but who would not officiate many games. A great many inquiries have been received re. membership. Nine out of thir- teen who took the examination passed, their names being listed under separate cover for membership. BROOKLYN BOARD Our second season with 61 members. Three meetings were held during the year. Our delegate attended the Nation- al Coaches Convention and the Joint Basketball Committee meeting. His report was very comprehensive and covered the entire field of basketball. We realize for the first time the game is protected by a Legislature. Our Officials' Committee conducted examinations which included the "yes" and "no" questions and two floor tests. 5 of the 28 men who were examined were recom- mended for membership. NORTHERN NEW YORK DISTRICT BOARD We started the season with seventeen members and had two examinations and took in eight new members and one transfer. Fourteen failed the examination. We meet regularly each Monday and also have a spring and fall Dinner Meeting. We give but two examinations, one in the fall and one shortly after the holi- days. We intend to keep no dead wood in our board and expect to hold examinations also for our membership whom we think are not keeping up with the game so as_ to make room for new men. Any official that officiates for less than the fees set by this Board shall be automatically suspended and not reinstated until he has paid the treasurer a fine equal to the fee he should have received for said game. Our officials may handle games in other districts at the rates of that dis- trict and not violate the set rates. CENTRAL HUDSON VALLEY DISTRICT BOARD The sixth year of the organization of this Board. Three meetings were held - the Board's Annual Interpretation meeting, the January meeting for the discussion of the rules and regular business, the Annual meeting in March for the election of officers and other business. During the year 17 applicants were examined. 12 passed the tests, 5 failed. The total membership was 56. ROCKLAND COUNTY DISTRICT -BOARD This Board has enjoyed a most successful year. Our interpretation meeting was held at the Nyack Y.M.C.A. To this meeting officials, players, coaches and all interested in basketball were invited. The Board feels as though quite a bit has been accomplished through its in- terpretation meetings and also its willingness to help promote better basketball in our district. LONG ISLAND DIsTKICT BOARD The season 1931-32 proved highly successful, for a first year Board. There are 54 regular, active members. 25 different men applied for member- ship and took entrance examinations. The Board met five different times with an average attendance of 25 men at each meeting. At the request of the grammar schools' basketball league, the Board supplied all officials for these games. These men officiated at the games without receiv- ing any remuneration. The Board was requested to furnish High School boys to officiate at the Sun- day School Basketball League games. Roster cards were sent to all schools and independent organizations in the district. WESTCHESTER COUNTY DISTRICT BOARD The culmination of basketball in the county this season was the conducting of the Second Annual County Basketball Tournament. Two hundred and fifteen teams from all parts of the county, in three divisions, enrolling 2544 players took part. Two approved officials worked each game with two others working in the capacities of official timer and scorer. Members of the Board officiated practically all the school, church, YMCA and recreation league games about the county during the past season. Approved offi- cials are in demand and it is very difficult to get games unless one is a member. Five meetings were held this past season,- annual interpretation meeting to which all coaches, officials, players and followers of the game were invited, three discussion meetings at which knotty problems were clarified and decisions rendered with reference to protests, and the annual spring meeting for the elec- tion of officers and acceptance of new members. All meetings were well attended. Three written examinations were given for new applicants. Thirty-seven took the written examination and twenty-four passed, of these twenty-three took the practical examination and six passed and were accepted into the membership of the Board at the spring meeting. Three transfers were accepted. The Board now totals forty-eight members. The adoption of a regulation uniform last year has been very effective. It has served not only to better identify the officials but to cultivate a certain atmosphere of dignity and professional respect. With reference to the funds in the treasury, there is a good balance. The Board has established the policy of paying, whenever possible, one half the cost of the dinner of the attending members at any regular meeting. Frequent newspaper stories and articles keep the public well informed regard- ing the activities and the progress of the Board. A list of approved officials' names is also mailed out early each season to all organizations sponsoring the game of basketball for their reference. Change in interpretation of the rules is also forwarded to these organizations. CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN NbiwW YORK DISTRICT BOARD Our members are about the same as last year. We have 46 in all, 7 new, and 58 renewals and 1 transfer. There were 3 dropped and 4 transferred to other dis- tricts. We have held but two regular meetings, one before the season began and one at the close of the season. There is but one examination each year, and that at the close of the season. The matter concerning members who solicit games at reduced rates was dis- cussed, and it was the opinion of all those present that such action was in viola- tion of the spirit of this association. We are happy to say that secretaries of all leagues in our district are favorable to approved Central Board Officials and the general reputation of mem- bers of our board is of the best. SOUTHERN NEW YORK BASKETBALL OFFICIALS The Board has completed its third season, with twenty-five active members and one honorary member. The Fall Interpretation meeting, conducted by H. B. Ortner, was largely at- tended, as coaches, players and all interested in basketball were invited. We published a book similar to that of the Maryland Board including a list of our officials and distributed them to all leagues in our district. Nine candidates took the examination in the fall, three being accepted. WESTERN NEW YORK DISTRICT BOARD Annual Banquet and election of officers held in May for the ensuing year. Active membership of seventy-eight officials, residing in nineteen different localities, which enables our Board to serve the District with competent men in all emergencies. The Executive Committee consists of nine men - the elective officers, the Examination and Grievance Committees (appointed by the President). This Committee holds an executive meeting in October to formulate plans and to elect the repre- sentative to the Interpretation of Rules meeting held in New York City. Two interpretation meetings in Buffalo. Nineteen applicants participated in written test. Nine were eligible for the practical test, of which eight were successful and one failed. Assignments of games handled through the Secretary's office. Personal dis- tribution satisfactory to officials and organizations that called upon our Board for this service. We meet every second Sunday in each month from October to April. LO CINCINNATI DISTRICT BOARD Eight meetings during the season, at which time, Coaches and Officials were present to discuss and interpret the rules. There were two examinations held during the season. On December 9th, we held our Annual Banquet and Clinic at the Y.M.C.A., Cen- tral Branch. For the season 1932-3 we are classifying our officials as Active and Associ- ate. The officials who have worked twenty games or more during the past season will be classed as Active. PENNSYLVANIA STATE BOARD This Board with its three district boards the past season functioned as a complete smooth working unit and its operation was automatic. Although each district is autonomous, yet each conformed to basic state re- quirements and national committees intent. The Eastern District Board is composed of five local boards. The Central Board of one local board. The Western District Board consists of ten local boards. The finances of the State Board and all the districts and local boards are in a very satisfactory condition. A uniform, though flexible, method of approving new applicants throughout the state was adopted at the State Board meeting in 1927, and is still strictly ob- served. The state provides that all applicants must submit (1) to a practical examination (2) to a written, oral, or both, examination based on the ques- tions provided by the National Committee. Details of applying these tests are left to each district or local board according to local needs and practibility. THE PHILADELPHIA LOCAL BOARD At the December meeting 1930 it was voted to limit the number of new members to 10% of present members - namely 10. The Membership Committee carried out their work most efficiently. Members this year; new, by renewal and transfer 101. Inquiries regarding Membership 52. Applications with Fee 21. Passed by Examination 10. Failed by Examination ll. Receipts $1,748.16 Expenditures $1,168.15 Balance April 1, 1932 580.01 $1,748.16 $1,748.16 As against this balance we have the cost of the forthcoming Banquet (April 6, 1932, also $50.00 New Membership Fees due to State for next Season and a small Printing Biil. Our Hand book has won the admiration and plaudits of the National Office and other State and Local Organizations. it CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA DISTRICT BOARD Fifty-eight old members renewed their affiliations together with two new mem- bers. The first meeting was held in Harrisburg attended by approximately 75 board members and coaches. The rules and the approved changes were gone over in detail and all points in question straightened out. Meetings were then held every two weeks for board members; considerable bene- fit was derived by everyone attending these open meetings. Three examinations were held. There was a total of 24 applicants given the examination. A proposed Local Board in Williamsport and vicinity has been formed consist- ing of 11 present board members and it is proposed to present this application at the State Board meeting for approval. RHODE ISLAND DISTRICT BOARD Membership at the present time 28. Regular monthly meetings were held during the past year including a demonstra- tion game. A new method of accepting members inaugurated this year which requires appli- cants after having passed satisfactory floor tests and written examination to serve one season as a probationer before being taken on the Board as a regular member. In order to give these men experience they have been assigned to games as a second official to work with regular Board members without pay, in this way gaining experience and giving basketball coaches an opportunity to see them in ac- tion. This plan has been very successful the past season not only as a method of training new officials but making it possible for many schools to have two offi- cials for important games without the added expense and also lightening the bur- den of one official in having to handle a hard, fast game on a big floor alone. TENNESSEE STATE BOARD This Board has experienced its greatest year in every way: membership, pres- tige, interpretation meetings, number of tournaments and games worked, firm sup- port of the Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association, and uniformity of interpretation of the rules. The membership in 1931 was thirty-three, and 1932 shows a gain of twenty- seven bringing the total to sixty. About ten others applied but they failed in the examination. The Board has been popular. Three interpretation meetings were held in three different parts of the state. All meetings were well attended, rules were discussed, mechanics of officiating were explained for the benefit of the younger members. ie One of the greatest achievements of the year was the recognition obtained from the State. The Secretary of the Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Asso- ciation instructed all District, Regional, and State Tournament Chairmen to use officials from the registered list. Our Year Book was a good advertisement and was in the hands of officials of all Colleges and High schools in the State. Some Year Books were sent to ad- joining States where there are no active Boards. The Board is of the opinion that the recognition given to our representa- tive Mr. Clement M. kyler, has been the greatest help to the Board in its for- ward progress. We have money in the bank! VERMONT STATE BOARD Our board in its fourth year of existence has increased its membership from thirteen members to twenty-eight senior members and thirty junior members. The board has attempted and succeeded to a great degree in covering the State of Vermont very well, in the use of its members, in all games this year. The board has sponsored three interpretation meetings, in various parts of the state and has also sponsored an officiating course which was held at the University of Vermont. This course has proven very successful as shown by the attendance and interest taken in the project. The board is at the stage now where a subdivision of its territory may be necessary due to the fact that meetings are difficult to arrange and its member- ship is becoming fairly large for a territory as extensive as the state of Ver- mont . SOUTHEASTERN VIRGINIA DISTRICT BOARD A small Board with a membership of thirteen. Two applications for member- ship were received during the year, one passing the examinations and one fail- ing to pass. Four meetings and several interpretation meetings were held. Four members of the Board attended the first state-wide meeting held at the University of Virginia. Again practically all games of importance in Tidewater Virginia (astern Virginia) were handled by members of the Board. Two classes for Scorers and Timers were conducted and again we desire to emphasize the importance and great need of this type of work in an effort to develoo more efficient scorers and timers. The annual dues of the Board remain the same, i.e., $7.00 for Active Member- ship ($8.00 for a new member the first year) and $3.00 for Associate, Inactive or tonorary Membership. 13 NORTHERN WEST VIRGINIA DISTRICT BOARD Very successful season. Thirty-three members are included in our roster, five of whom are new this year. Every game of importance, with the exception of two, were handled by members of our Board. Four business and interpretation meetings were held. The first meeting held was a joint one between all the coaches and oteniets in this district, at which time rule interpretations were discussed. We passed a resolution that members absent from any meeting be sent any new interpretations or suggestions agreed upon at the meeting. At our first meeting the coming year we plan to hold a basketbail clinic to which the coaches will be invited. At the beginning of each year, we have our secretary mail all high school and college coaches in this district a list of approved officials and instruc- tions to scorers and timers. During the past year our Board furnished four officials for the City leagues, and eight for state sectional tournaments. The depression took its toll at the gate. Crowds were small. Often there was not enough money to pay the official. In order to meet the schools half way, the Board passed a resolution that fees be reduced to $7.50, flat, in the case of high schools with an enrollment of less than 250. SOUTHERN WEST VIRGINIA BOARD The Board held its annual rules interpretation meeting. Coaches, Athletic Directors and Officials of West Virginia, numbering over one hundred fifty (150) attended this meeting and it was a very decided success. The meeting ended with a large banquet, to which everyone was invited, free of charge, as guests of the Sport Mart, the leading sporting goods dealer of West Virginia. All of the principal games of basketball in southern West Virginia were of- ficiated by members of the Board and five of our members officiated in Sectional Tournaments. ARCHIE F REEVE IRWIN A. BROWN WILLIAM C ATKINS REEVE, BRown & ATKINS PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS TAXES SYSTEMS EXAMINATIONS PERSHING SQUARE BUILDING 100 EAST 425°? ST. COR. PARK AVE. TELEPHONE 5-8482 GFORGE A MC MORAN NEW YORK COE RONIS =. 5083 July 21, 1931 n VW r oa . ~ _FOR YOUR INFORMATION From <= GEO. T rmpDnonAweH Me bias SoAON Mr. A, E. Metzdorf, Treasurer, Joint Basketball Committee of Amateur Athletic Union International Com. of Y.M.C.A. National Collegiate A.A. 183 Main Street, Rochester, N.Ye Dear Sir: We have audited the accounts and records of the JOINT BASKETBALL COMMITTEE for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1931. Attached hereto is EXHIBIT A showing the Treasurer's Report for this period. Our audit included verification of receipts and expenditures of the Treasurer's account and the Officials Committee bank account, auditing all disbursements and petty cash. We are pleased to report that we found the cash accounts correct as stated, and all disbursements appeared to be properly made. The income from royalties was verified by inspection of the records of the American Sports Publishing Company and we found the royalties checked out correctly. We hereby certify that the attached statement, EXHIBIT A, in our opinion reflects the true financial condition of the Joint Basketball Committee Treasurer's Account. Yours very truly, REEVE, BROWN & ATKINS Certified Public Adcountant AFR34 EXHIBIT 4 JOINT BASKETBALL COMMITTEE TREASURER'S REPORT ~ FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 1931, RECEIPTS: Balance = Union Trust Co.,Rochester, N.Y.-March 31, 1930 $ 765.78 Received fromOfficials Committee-Dr. John Brown, Chairman July 18, 1930 $ 500.00 oo & * 300.00 Seve B® 500.00 Jen. 31, 1931 116.01 $1,416.01 Received fromAmerican Sports Publishing Co. (Royalties) April 22, 1930-Balance 1929-1930 Royalties $ 982.55 Dec. 10, 1930-On account 1930-1931 * 1,000.00 1,982.55 TOTAL RECEIPTS $ 3,398.56 $ 4,164.34 To For Check Amount May 10, 1930~ A.E.Metzdorf-April Meeting, Travel to N.Y. . 130 43.60 = 15, =‘\" ~ Helen A.Deloy-Stenog. for A. A.U.report OK by Oswald Tower 131 20.80 * 16, &-H.V.Porter - Travel expense | to 3eYe 132 117.05 = * " . Newton Reporting Service 133 133.12 * 29, "=| Jackson, Zaenglein & Ellis ~ Audit of Treas. 134 75-00 Avg. 7, "= Officials Comm.—Clerical"Y"Serv. 135 750,00 Sep.2h, "= Univ.of Penn.Club - Apl.Meeting 136 15.00 s 3 ". Amer, Sports Publ.Co. P-9808 137 47.13 es t . Oswald Tower-Hditorial Exp. 138 500.00 Nov.28, "= Executive Comm. Dinner - Astor 139 16.00 - # . A,E.Metzdorf, Treas. ~ Travel to N.Y. 140 42,60 . 8 " . Hotel Astor - Use of Room for Come 141 15.00 Jane 5, 193l=- National Council Y.M.C.A. rhe 600.00 - 3 t . Amatour Athletic Union 143 600.00 - 3 " . National Collegiate Ass'n 1yy 600.00 _~ ! . Amer. Sports Publ.Co. P-9330 145 3.71 it " _ " tt " tt p-29 146 3.11 = * " . Oswald Tower - ExpeAnnual Inter- pretation Meeting 147 34.00 . " . Jackson, Zaenglcin & Ellis~ Auditors Lug 10,00 * 16, "- A.E.Metzdorf, Treas. ~ Travel to N.Y. 149 38,00 * 17, + L.W.St.John - Travel to N.Y. 150 74.86 Mar.3l1, "+0, Tower ~ Expense for year 151 147.96 TOTAL DI EVENTS $ 3,886.94 $ 3,886.94 BALANCE ~ March 31, 1931 $ 277.40 REEVE, BROWN & ATKINS oe A. A. SCHABINGER, Creighton University President Officers and Board of Directors Roy MuNDORFF, Georgia Tech 2nd Vice-President H. B. ORTNER, Cornell University 8rd Vice-President H. ©. BERESFORD, University of Colorado Dr. F. C. ALLEN, University of Kansas H. CO. Caruson, University of Pittsburgh L. P. ANDREAS, Syracuse University Membership Committee A. L. POWELL, Chairman, Univ. of Buffalo 1st Dist.: E. J. Hioxox, Springfield College 2d Dist.: Leo Novax, Army 8d. Dist.: G. K. TEBELL, Univ. of Virginia 4th Dist.: A. F. Rupp, Univ. of Kentucky 5th Dist.: B. T. GROVER, Ohio University Gth Dist.: Wm. Boelter, Drake University 7th Dist.: J. W. St. Cuarr, So. Meth. Univ. 8th Dist.: S. R. DycHE, Montana State 9th Dist.: J. M. Barry, U. of S. Calif. Press Committee KE, A. KELLEHER, Chairman, Fordham Univ. Roy Munpborrr, Georgia Tech NELS NORGREN, Univ. of Chicago JOHN W. BunwN, Stanford Univ. Coaching Ethics Committee Guo. R. EDWARDS, Chairman, U. of Mo. B. M. HERMANN, Penn State G. E, Cooper, Colorado Teachers College NEIL COHALAN, Manhattan College Basketball Rules Committee J. CraiG Rusy, Chairman, Univ. of Illinois 1st Dist.: E. F. WacHTER, Harvard Univ. 2d Dist.: LLOypD JORDAN, Colgate 38d Dist.: LEONARD WALSH, Geo. Wash. Univ. 4th Dist.: A. W. NoRMAN, U. of So. Carolina 5th Dist.: Dr. W. E. MEANWELL, U. of Wis. 6th Dist.: H. V. McDERMorTT, Univ. of Okla. 7th Dist.: Gro Ropy, Okla. A. & M. 8th Dist.: H,. C. BERESFORD, Univ. of Colorado 9th Dist.: C. M. Pricn, Univ. of California Officials Committee - GEORGE KEOGAN, Ohairman, U. of Notre Dame DON WHITE, Washington Univ. L. W. JOURDET, Univ. of Penn. Olympic Committee Dr. F. C. ALLEN, Chairman, Kansas Univ. L. W. St. Joun, Ohio State Univ. ROMEYN BERRY, Cornell University Research Committee Dr. F. C. ALLEN, Chairman, Univ. of Kansas 1st Dist.: H. M. Gorn, Massachusetts Aggies 2d Dist.: L. P. ANDREAS, Syracuse Univ. 8d Dist.: G. K. TeseLu, Univ. of Virginia 4th Dist.: JosH Copy, Vanderbilt 5th Dist.: EVERETT DEAN, Univ. of Indiana 6th Dist.: A. A. SCHABINGER, Oreighton Univ. Wth Dist.: F. A. Soumipt, T. ©. U. 8th Dist.: S. R. DyoHE, Montana State 9th Dist.: J. W. Bunn, Stanford Univ. i i Dr. JaMzEs A. NAISMITH, University of Kansas H. G. OLSEN, Ohio State University “| Honorary President Ist Vice-President : | tT % id 9) a _ Ss foment fame i $ QD 5 N A. C. LONBORG, Northwestern University Secretary-Treasurer March 24, 1932 see a i ce ati, SPR Se Dr. Fs Ce Allen Director of Athletics University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas Dear "Phog": Undoubtedly you are planning to attend the Basketball Coaches Association meeting which is to be held at the: Hotel Shoreland, Chicago, April'l1 and 2. I presume that "Dutch" has mailed you a copy of the program. I am asking the officers and Board of Directors to meet Thursday, March 41, at 10:00 A.M. to look after any preliminary busi- ness. Also, I am expecting you to have your reports from the Olympic Committee and the Research Committee in written form so that we may present a copy to the incoming Secretary- Treasurer. Heartiest congratulations upon your championship of the Big Six! Looking forward to seeing you and with kindest personal regards, I am Sincerely yours, (¢ t TR RATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF - BACRETBALL GOACHES APRIL 1s aad Gad, 1822 SHORELAND HOTEL CHICAGO AAS:GP Hi ATIOUAL ASSOCIATION OF BASEETDALL afta APRIL Ist ead fad, 192 aipcreaier woproR 70 weaaens SHORELAND HOTEL CHICAGO Reduced fares on the basis of FARE AID ONE HALF for the round trip on the "Certificate Plan” will apply for members only and dependent members of their fattilies attending the meeting of the National Association of Basket- ball Coaches to be held at Chicago, Illinois provided 100 certificates are rresented shoving the purchase of one-way tickets from points from which the one-way fare is 67 cents or more. The arrangement will apply from the following territory: The following directions are submitted: 1. Tickets at the normal one-way tariff fare for the going journey may be bought on any of the following dates (but not on any other date.) 2 Be sure when purchasing your going ticket to ask the ticket agent for a certificate. If it is impossible to get a certificate from the local ticket agent, a receipt fer fare paid will be satisfactory and should be secured when ticket is ] is purchased. See that the ticket reads to the point where the convention is to be held and no other. See that your certificate is stamped with the same date as your ticket. Sign your name to the certificate or receipt in ink in the presence of the agente 3. Call at the railroad station for ticket and certificate at least thirty (30) minutes before departure of train. ae Certificates are not kept at all stations. Ask your home station whether you can procure certificates and through tickets to the place of meeting. If not, buy a local ticket to nearest point where a certificate and through ticket to place of meeting can be bought. 5. Immediately upen your arrival at the meetings, present your certi-~ ficate to the endorsing officer, Mr. A. Ce Lonborg as the reduced fare for the return journey will not apply ‘less the required number of certificates is presented and validated. 6. No refund ef fare will be made on account of failure to either obtain a proper certificate, or on account of failure to have the certificate validated. 7. Wo. your certificate has been validated, you will be entitled to a return ticket via the same route as the soing journey at one-half of the normal one-way tariff fare from place of meeting to point at which your certificate was issued ur to and including April 6, 19326 ‘Members are urged to use the railroads which, considering safety speed, comfort and convenience, provide a service not equalled by other ‘Sheds of transportatione these who travel to the convention by other means cannet be classed as certificate holders. This works to the disadvantage of those in attendance who have paid the regular one-way fare with the hope of securing one-half fare on the return trip, in that it lessens the possibility of obtaining the necessary minimum number of certificates to qualify for the reductione The special fare has been authorized at our request. It is only fair that we should reciprocate by maling use of the railroads. Station WEAI y sian on N. a = BA — 7 PF. “> CORNELL UNIVERSITY 2 ha a LF Radio Broadcasting Lectures St Oe Pty : bt Father end Son Series eo. an ep eines reaeee Re ones en ne, Mondays and Thursdays at 5:50 p.m. February 22 - May 26. YOUR SON AND HIS ATHLETICS Riverda H. Jordan. Ph.D. Professor of Educetion I have a very reel belief in the Palue of competitive athletics for boys. But at the very start I must qualify this statement by specifying sane athletics, having as their ultimate purpose sound physical development 2nd the formationmof per- manent health habits. In my experience of over forty years I have seen such remarkable advantages in properly conducted sports, and, on the other hend, have seen so many unfortunate results growing out of sports improperly conducted, that I must caution you against allowing your sons to participate except where you are satisfied that the conditions are good. Otherwise you may bitterly regret that your son was ever drawn into athletic participation. ~ het us enumerate some of the advantages of sound athletics: First, through them your son should develop a physical constitution whereby he will be better fitted to meet the physical demands of later life -- a sound body, an intensified vitality, and a habit of exercise, all three of which will tend to enable him to withstand the strenuous demands of in- dustry and to throw off readily the onslaughts of disease. These outcomes, however, are not enough. They must be coupled with a growth in self-possession and self- -confidence, development. of courage end moral nOs stamina, and an understanding and practice of true sportsmanlike standards and ideals, all of which may be summed up under the one ohrase, sound moral character. In order to insure such favorable outcomes you must be sure that your son is working under directors who both understand and practice the train- ing of their charges along these lines. Since my time is brief I shall use high school athletics as an illustration, with the understanding that the same principles hold for work done in Scouting, in the Y.M.C.A., in other gymnasiums and organizations. In the high school the first requisite is the combination of a clean principal and a clean coach. Of the two the coach is more imnortant, since he takes immediate charge over your son. It is, however, difficult for a good coach to get the best results unless he is co-operating with a decent principal. The ideal coach is the man who understands, of course, how to instruct boys in playing properly the game which he is supervising. But in addition to that he must be a man of high moral character, have definitely high ideals of sportsmanship, and enough backbone to enforce these ideals upon his boys. In addition he should have a thorough knowl- edge of the human organism and if possible some knowledge of medicine, at least to the extent of being able to care for minor injuries, to understand proper diet, and most important of all, to understand just what demands can be made on the physical ability of immature boys. Many coaches are selected simply because: they have won a varsity letter in their sport. The nosses- sion of a varsity letter does not in itself indicate that any of these characteristics are present, even the first. Frequently a varsity athlete knows how to play his own position alone, and has no conception of the technique of the game as a whole. He has been accustomed to work with men of some maturity and marked physical strength, and so he makes the same demands of growing boys that he would make of mature men, with the result of overtrained and ultimately broken down physical organisms. Many high school athletes are actually burnt out. That means that the nervous sys- tem is impaired so that the athlete does not have a reserve fund of nerve force which will carry him through physical and emotional crises in life. That is the | reason so many prominent athletes are carried iL off ; oy. Be pneumonia and other diseases early in life. Morally also great injury is done by men who have played in various sports under coaches whose sole objective was to have winning teams... It is well known that there are many coaches vrominent on the sporting page of the newspapers whose ethics are so bad that the better universities will not even schedule their teams for games. I have always refused to allow my yown sons to participate in sports where the coach was /not competent in all of these requisites. Rotten and debased athletics, in my opinion, are at the bottom of many of our national evils. The boy who learns in football that it is entirely proper to violate the rules if one is not caught will almost inevitably carry the same reasoning into the affairs of life. On the other hand the boy who has learned self-control, decency, and fair play on the football] field will carry the same qualities into his later life. Bad as the situation is in many colleges, it is much worse when ttn high schools such evils are allowee to affect the boy curing his formative years. The wise varent, therefore, will determine the character of the co2ch and the principal of the school before allowing his son to participete. I sm glad to say that in my om experience I have found no difficulty in finding the right kind of coaches, and that although I have met a number of crooked coaches and crooked principals, the majority of high school principals and coaches have heen decent, honorable men, There are just enough of the other kind to make extreme - care advisable. In what athletics should your son particinate? There are certain guiding principles here which will assist you in solving the problem. In general it may be said that outdoor sports take precedence over indoor; that sports involving group participation are to be preferred to those which provide for individual develop- ment only; that games allowing for large numbers of participants should be preferred to those allowing for few; that games involving special facilities are to be placed below those involving only slight equipment and expense; and finally, that some preference should be given to those sports which can be carried on in later life. Group games are vreferred because of their social possibilities, since they involve adherence to rules, co-operation with othersk subordination of wie individual prowess in the interest of the entire group, and so give opportunity for inculcating lessons of self-control with self-reliance and fair play. Some of these games require skills that continue through life. The boy who plays ice hockey will continue to skate as long as he lives. The boy who makes a swimming ream will always enjoy swimming. The boy who plays baseball may olay baseball at least in a modified form for many years. These sports therefore rank high in the list. Other group games which are strongly to be recommended are soccer, lacrosse, and football. These are not likely to be played in later years, but the boy who becomes interested in them will find suitable substitutes on leaving school or college. His later exercises will probably be centered around golf, or tennis. Boxing, wrestling, fencing, tennis, and golf all have their place because of their individual. values, but do not give the opportunity for group participation. Some parents fear to have their sons take part in the rougher sports such as football, lecrosse, and soccer, on account of fear of injury and vossible death. It is just this factor of hazard that makes them valuable sports. Under competent coaches (you see the coach always comes into the picture) the danger of actual serious injury will be much lessened. But the fact that there is a hazard means that a boy is developing those valuable qualities of courage and even heroism which can be attained so readily in no other way. I have seen so many timid boys become courageous and self-reliant from participation in foot- ball that I rate it probably first in the group, but, of course, only for boys who have the physical quali- ties to enable them to stand the strenuous requirements. You may wonder that I do not include basketball in these games. This sport does not qualify under any of my categories. It is probably the most strenuous of all sports and therefore should be played only by boys of rather unusual physical equipment. It is or- dinarily played indoors, at night, under extremely artificial conditions, usually where the air is foul and frequently clogged with dust. It involves only a small number of participants and unfortunately the desire to win is usually carried to such an extent that there are frequently charges of foul play, and, worse than all, it is very difficult to get suiteble referees pes onc who will enforce the rules strictly. In our smaller towns especially it is promoted by the sporting element and gives rise to the evils of betting, of interference by outsiders with school regulations, and with such a premium placed upon victory that an unsuccessful coach, in the sense of winning games, has difficulty in keeping his position even though he may be a good coach and have the finest influence overrthe boys in his charge. I would say a word in behalf of track and field athletics. The great advantage of these from the school point of view is that many students may take part and that many boys who cannot participate in other sports can find a place within the varied scope of the kinds of activities involved. Team play and co-operation are present in these sports to a somewhat limited extent, so that the work is not entirely individual in character. The caution here is against over-exertion and participation in too many events. The presence of a well-trained coach is more imperative in this work than in almost any other. Rowing is also a splendid sport, but unfor- gunately the expense involved and the lack of facilities in many places mean that it has to be ruled out of general consideration. The value of sane athletics in general is so great and the opportunities so varied that I urge you to have your sons become actual participants and not passive spectators. The question is so large that it is impossible p/” fro treat it properly in ten minutes. If you wish a more extended discussion I shall be glad, if you will write me, to refer you to several good discussions which you can easily secure. I close as I began, by saying that I believe thoroughly in athletics for boys, but only under the direction of men of high ideals, who will not subor- dinate the welfare of your son to the desire for victory.