ERLEY KELLER. Everythirg is dore by the hare of the Lord ara of Moses. Heler Keller was put or this earth for & purpose, just the same as every other person. Any person with a pre- serverance of faith can accomplish any task 7o matter how dif- ficult. With her preserverance of faith she has learved to see with her hards, has educated herself with her hands, wht has become so learned that she has written a7 number of books deal- ing with her conceptions of the world today and her place there- in. ( Out of the Dark, The World I Live In ) Her power of imagination has been developed to such a de- gree of perfection that she is able to perceive most things in the world just as they are in the truest of realities. eters compensated and kept her from.a anchoritive life through the practice of strergthining hey remaining senses. She was able to hear with greater @istivetmess than other people. Sok bende of smell had a' new faculty to penetrate the turgle ‘ant vagueness of innumberable things. According to & immutab- le lav, the senses assist avd re-enforce each other. Despite all of her convictions there are critics who have told Miss Keller what she could rot Go. They assumec that her blirérees ard Ceafrees cervered her completely frem the thirgs which the seeing and hearing enjoy, and thps they essertec thet che heé ro morel right to talk ebout beasuty, skye, ere 611 such lovely thirgs of the worlé. (£) They ever declarec that the very sereations she hec from the serse of touch were vicarious. S ome have ever deried her ex- istance. (Woe be to those who pass judgement or others, for the final dey will brirg & reckoring: nothirg like the werle has ever seen before.) I egree with tite Diecertee's metkcé: "I think therefore i am." Thus I am netepryeloslyestetlietes, and I throw upor the doubtors the burcer pf provirg my ror- existance. Wher we corsider how little hes beer found out about the mirc, ie 34 rot amazing that aryore shoule presume what one car krow or cannot krow? Yes there are rumerous marvels in this visible world unguessec by her, hcwever, there are a myriad sergations preceivec by her by which the critics and thousancs of other peoples do rot creém. | Feler Keller, in my mind is one of the firest womer cf ian ae the world, I woulc Like to péy tribute tbh her uncye- ing perserverence ir the Lore, because he has given every per- son the priviledge to coretruct hér better worlc, for she is g chila of God, an inheritor of a fregemert of the mind thet createé all werlcs a oat aon 334 ade malt sanes yrev ads tadd ge1af9e5 wave oat | x3 1 botaad ave aved omod ‘Gauobzgoty 24Pey, ats he ean? es v PoE Pee ORR Cer to ee eo ME er : Latah caemngintaciaton as E gest ‘aot Csiatenstt tas — ; ator isos es word + : Sn : e849 moot seed sad 90008 Ue “-v99 wm avtvory ta “edad 9 “Tedtano ee a, .ootatatcs ‘emgaeng Sivoda stoyts tad? wizena tom dt al) atta Ce hphiswn gf aA tonnage to word 89 i take avoremst a1 e10ds a9¥ teat , tevewes < ted es deaaeu, ‘BLxow efitaty atat ef sisvien lt htt add dotiw es ted vd pieoety anoltsaraz hal tes st iw tor € 7 aoiqosy tadto to abnwauodd ~ = . ante wa ef ,tsiled nolet oe ne ted dt etudtat yaq of obs: bivow f “taoe ott Ban ao 2 qiev9 savia aad od 32 ao Ss Yo semo@ tasntt adt to ano a eh ods tot , di tow rotted mod ao. . of esboifvirg eag too seat onta add to sremagar? a atte tottredst ma ,599 20 Sitio 8 > adizew {La QotaenS & I. ae What do we mean by equilibrium? Hive your most complete definition. be Since it is impossible to understand the physical principies of total body action without understanding certain governing laws of motion, please give in detail the Newtonian laws; the laws of inertia; the laws of acceleration; the law of reaction. ce. The levers of the body frequently move in complete unison end with perfect timing in respect to their involved neighbors. For instance, when one dimbs the stairs, one's weight is lifted by extension at three articulations simultaneously. Name the articulations and state generally wiat takes place in such activity at these articulations. II. a. List four of the fundamental manipulative skills. >. Explain briefly the three principal types to which ali manipulative skills belong. III. In the field of selected sports state briefly the types of fundamental manipulative skills to which each of these sports belong, and give at least three general musts, either muscular or mechanical, for the successful performer of each sport, (If you prefergesubstitute other sports with which you may be more familiar.) uf Archery Badminton Tug of War a . er a Meshleen—a i Padme « Achpaigst i Rea. No a Shaw & Williams YU S7A7 TLE) ; O props AND MATERIALS of umaLmiy Dept. on EDUCATION ORDERED : FirM Date or Brn EDITION Pus. PLACE 24ehp. ue a . yep \4 + IG a APPROVED / aan No. oF . No. oF Vou. PRICE aiat 3 Nor Orprrep ¥ ae —_ é 7 Nor 1n Liprary ere ese — £4 Dept. of Physica cation LCR by 324 RECOMMENDED _ 17-8365 4-39—15M oe Rea. No. ° AUTHOR Cuass No. — “ T7176 WATER BAN, ELIZABETH é _ Tite W 3/ THE RH ne N Book Dept. : tAysrcAk CG Ploeca Tronw” ORDERED : FirM Dare or BILu EDITION Pus. PLAce A :S. BARVE Ss s Y s € Cost 1 APPROVED YEAR No. or Copies No. or Vou. PRICE A IW.@ a Nor ORDERED f Norin Lisrary | cos Dept. of Physica ucation L. C. No. RECOMMENDED BY 17-8365 4-39—15M AUTHOR —— : Crass No. Rea. No. 5 > oy = se } WATH Bove, VoOsE PHN We QR a Trt J : ae CLAXATIOWV Dept. PAY sS(ICAk. EDvucCA TION ORDERED / FirM Date oF BILL EDITION Pus. PLACE A 3, BAAWES Vig .c Cost 1 Ui a 2 APPROVED ee No. or Copies : No. or Vou. PRICE _ a= 7 4 Y, Lidls. oT ORDERED ao Up gos "OUT 71 = \ C7 iin > Nor IN LIBRARY lott, K 7 Coke > r y tio L. 7 No RECOMMENDEDBY 47-9365 a a S466 [ear A Sind a. it *» é KINESIOLOGY - ANSWERS pps 5,7,8, Chaps I Ie Ie (a) Kinesiology is the science which investigates and atalyzes human motion. The sciences of physics, physiology and anatomy contribute basically to kinesiology. Kinesiology is a composite of these scientes. (b) 1. Kinesiology attempts to integrate all the contributing fields of inform- ation through direct application to the problems of the teacher of swimming, of dance, of correctives, of sports, and of all other physical education activities. 2« Kinesiology makes an analysis and evaluation of activities, : 3e Kinesiology, by analyzing and evaluating activities, makes for better and easier teaching, This analytical ability makes creative, individualized and effective teaching of motor skills possible. ! 4, A knowledge of kinesiology has its social and physthological benefits, in that through an understanding of the problems of efficiency and economy of movement a new sensitivity to and confidence in poise and grace result, Too, a better understanding of problems of physiological cost, energy budgeting and muscular timing result. 5e Kinesiology should give a better appreciation of posture, for the basic principles which determine the standards for sitting, standing, walking, and body carriage in general are found in this stury. 6, The analysis of movement and understanding of standards should make the teacher more aware of irregularand unusual performance, and of abnormal structure, (At least 3. of above 6) pe 12, Chap. II (a) The location e Iie motion is in the articulations of the bodye pe 55, Chape III . (b} The source of all bodily movement is in the muscles of the bodys III. Ps 13, Chap. II (a). diarthrodial, or freely movable fe “Amphiarthrodial, slightly movable. Synarthrodial, immovable ppe 15=15, Chap. II (b) (1) arthrodial, gliding joints. Ex: articular processes of the vertebrae (2) condyloid, joint formed by a convex prominence gliding over an adjacent surface, Ex: articulations between the carpals and the first segment of the fingers. o enarthrodial, ball and socket joint. Ex: shoulder joint, y hinge joint. Ex: elbow joint. (5) reciprocal reception, saddle joint. Ex: found only in the thumb joint. (6) trochoid, pivot joint, Ex: This type of joint is found in the head of the radius = where rotation is permitted. oe : Iv. (1) Yes | , (11) Yes (2) No (12) No (3) Yes | es, Yes (4) Yes (14) No (5) WNo (15) No (6) No : (16) Yes (7) Yes 17) Yes {8 Yes : 18) Yes 33 No 19) No (10) Yes (20) No - Anewers ~ 2, = 2 Ve Pe 115, Chape VII (€a) uilibriua, in all activities, is an active muscular process to control the center of gravity of the body and of its parts with respect to the base of support. (b) Newtonian Laws: 1. The laws of inertia: 1. A resting body remains at rest if no external force operates upon it, 2« A body moving with uniform motion retains this uniform motion so long as no external force operates upon it, 2s The laws of acceleration; oe 1. Acceleration is directly proportional to the force producing ite &. Acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the body. 3 Acceleration is in the same direotion as the force producing it. S$, The law of reaction: Every ferce which meets resistance has an equal and opposite counterforce. Pe 134, Chap, VIII : (c) Hip, knee and ankle. One's weight is lifted by extension at all three articulations, Extension cannot naturally take place at any one of these articulations without also occurring at the other tw . N.B. For class uses an exact description of this process would be advisable. See p. 134, Vie pp. xaaeker 188-198, Chap, XIII. ist Pushing, pulling, throwing, striking, (or others, such as kicking, etc.) (b) 1. Those in which performer keeps contact with the object. Ex: pushing, pulling, 2. Those in which momentum is developed in an object and then released. Ex: . All types of throwing. 3 5» Those skills in which momentum of a body part, or of a tool, is imparted to either a stationary or moving object and it is either moved or accelerated in movement thereby. Ex: serving a tennis ball, or a place kick in football, or striking a basekall, etc. VII. Pe 203, Chaps XIV. (a) In archery the momentum is developed in object and then released, as in throwing, Archery calls for precision of movement. Its successful achievement depends largely upon the kinesthetic perception of pesition and ability always to reproduce this desired position, While it belongs to the seme class of skills as throwing, it involves the pro- jection of the arrow by a mechanical device rather than by muscular force. This game demands static rather than dynamic precision, PPe 207=209, Chaps XIV. (b) In badminton, we have a type of the fundamental skill of striking, i.e., the type wherein the momentum of a tool or body part is imparted to either a stationary or a moving object by an external forte, and the object is moved thereby, Badminton involves many striking techniques, While the game is similar in some ee to tennis, is differs definitely, The equipment is largely responsible for this, lighter racquet is largely responsible for this and thus lacks the potential force of the tennis racquet. The .compensation for this lack of force must be made in the greater speed of the stroke and in oa different timing. From the standpoint of mechanics these drives are classified as either underhand or overhand, Answers < 3. ppe 189-190, Chape XIII (c) In Tug o' War the performer keepp contact with the object, as in the fundamental skills of pushing or pullings In this sport, if the resistance is light im arm action alone will suffice. When the resistance is greater, the force can be increased by leaming away from it. Led extension and the back extensors may be brought into play. In moving backward, the back extensors fix or - the trunk. vIrt. In these couple balancing stunts the top coujgles in each case are maintaining the more correct positions because they conform more closely to the principles which govern balancing. First, the area of suppert is broader in the top figures. There must always be a center of support and the tep performer should be placed so as to keep the weight line near this center, All balancing must be performed with respect to the center of gravity of the persons doing the balancing. As long as the center of gravity falls inside or behind the are of the base of support upon which the balancing is being done the balancing will be stable. But the center of gravity ¢ the one being balanced must not pass beyond that edge. In all balance events, the performers must have a thorough understanding of the rules of stability, dealing principally with the size of the base and the location of the center of the gravity ‘with respect to the base. There is, however, the factor of rotary momentum to be considered, Rotary momentum is usually necessary to assume balancing positions. Therefore, in the drawings the weight is more easily supported by the top figures because weight is easier to hold if the legs of the base are in a vertical position, unless the base figure is standing, then the legs may be widened to spread the area of support. IXeAs Pe 532, pened XIX. 3 It is & support ow the weight of the trunks (2) It is the solid point of attachment for most of the muscles anchoring and con- trolling the pecteral girdle, as well as the lattisimis dorsi which moves shoulder joint. (3) It encloses and protects the spinal cord and the nerves which lead to and from it. This requires a firm, carefully articulated, and not too flexible colum, (4) It absorbs jolts and jars which come to the body even from such commonplace activities as walking, rumning and jumping. ( IX=B, Pe 339, Chapeo XIX, | : : (1) Wend lowering between shoulders, ‘This exercise is good for round shoulders, kyphosis, and forward head. pe 340 (2) Hanging from the horizontal bars, Passive hanging from the bar is economical of muscular effert but is not goed for round shoulders; but in active hanging, the muscles contract to hold the weight and thus transform an activity wiich is ppor for round shoulders into one which is beneficial. Pe 345. (3) Standing with feet together, lift inner border of each foot but keep heels and toes on the floor, weight on outer borders of the feet. The main value of this exercise is in strengthening these muscles which support the arch along its medial border. pe 539, Chap. XIX. (4) Prone lying, arms extended sideward, palms down = raising of head, shoulders, and arms from floor, This exercise when done properly is localized hypertension of the thoracic region, with a little hyperextension of the cervical region. Care must be taken to localize the action in the thoracic regions, with no extreme tension in the lumbar regions. pe 338, Chap, XIX. (5) "breaking chains", Elbows flexed arms horizonta}, backward movement of arms aoe SAS Reet Ai Answers « 4, in transverse plane, This exercise is also excellent for round shoulders. It is also facilitated by an extension of the thoracic spine; and, by direotly encouraging an erect position is good for kyphosis. Xe Ppe 3258327, Chap, XVIII 1, Stair climbing 2. Reaching : Se Wringing or twisting movenents 4, Hammering and chopping 5 Shoveling and sweeping. KINESIOLOGY Examination Questions I. (a) Define kinesiology and give its general relationships to certain other sciences. (b) List at least three of its contributions to the betterment of teaching a education, 11e-(a) Where, in the human body, is the location of motion? , (b) Where, the source of bodily motion? | IIl./(a) Name the three general classes of joints to which all articulations of the ~ body belonge | / (bo) Neme and give one exemple each of the six types of freely movable joints. IV. Answer hose questions yes or no: : (1) A musele can only pull; it never pushes. (2) Whenever there is nervous stimulation the muscles relax. (3) Bvery mmale has its wo ends attached to different bones. (4) All museles are arranged in antvagueiatie pairs or groups. : | (5) The smaller muscles are located where the greatest force is needed. (6) The human machine has a high degree of efficiency. _ (7) The primary factors in the physiological condition are fatigue, source of ! food substance, and removal of waste substances from the tissue, (8) The seniben of the body are of three types, smooth, cardiac, and skeletal, (9) The cardiac is the type directly responsible for motor activity. (10) Muscle activity takes place through the regular processes of metabolism. (11) Inertia is a property of all objects. (12) The human body is stable when in a standing position. (13) Gravity is a constant force acting on all bodies. (14) The tio artieulating bones of the hip joint are the scapula and the humerus. (15) The elbow joint is a oe joint. (16) The gliding type of joint is best exemplified by the articular processes of the vertebrae. (17) The ball and socket joint is perfectly described by its name. (18) The saddle type of joint is a special arrangement found only in the thumb, (19) Adduction is a lateral movement awey from the central plane of the body. (20) Abduction is a movement inward toward the central plane of the body, Vs (a) What do we mean by equilibrium? Give your most complete definition. (>) Since it is impossible to understand the physical principles of total body action without understanding certain governing laws of motion, please give in detail the Newtonian laws: (1) the lews of inertia; (2) the laws of acceleration; (3) the law of reaction. 3 (c) The levers of the body frequently move in complete unison and with perfect timing in respect to their involved neighbors. For instance, when one climbs the stairs, one's weight is lifted by extension at three articulations simultaneously. Name the articulations and state generally what takes place in such activity at these articulations, VI. (a) List four of the fundamental manipulative skills. (>) Explain briefly the three principal types to which all manipulative skills belong. VII. In the field of selected sports state briefly the types of fundamental manipulative | _ Skills to which each of these sports belong, and give at least three general musts, either muscular or mechanical, for the successful performer of each sport, (Ifyou prefer, substitute other sports with which you may be more familiar.) (a) Archery _ (>) Badminton (c} Tug o* War VIII. Each figure below represents the base for some couple balanc stunt. The arrow represents the weight line of the top wadlatear, Vihy ie the weight supported more easily by the top figure in each couple? J - | . # 7 oe a en pe | (lower) ¢ (2) a . = Sas eek ans ja Np ease fe IX. (a) Sinoe the spine is the keystone for the development of an upright posture, — name four of its specific functions in this service to the human body. (b) There are some 14 or 15 commonly recommended exercises for posture training. Name at least five such exercises and discuss briefly why each is effective. X. List at least 5 home or occupational activities. ay Where, in the human body, is the location of motion? 2, What are the three general classes of joints to which all articulations of the body belong? 3. Define: Abduction, Adduction, Circumduction. es e 4. Compare the flexibility and stability of the articulations of the upper and lower extremities. | 5. Whytis it more difficult to sit erect on the floor with kmees extended than to sit erect on a chair or bench? 6. Cen the fingers flex as tightly when the wrist is flexed as when it is straight? Explain why. : 7. What do we mean by “state of tonus"? 8. In joints suchas the knee, hip, or elbow, where movement is distinctly limited in one or more directions, describe the anatomical cause of that limitation of movemente 1. What animal so thoroughly exemplifies the habit of pretending to be lifeless in order to avoid attracting attention that its name is practically a slang word? 2, Whet other animals or birds do you know which practice this art of deception? 3, What animal do you kmow which slips up on its prey by very slow, stealthy movements? : i 2 4, What characteristic have you found to be depicted in many illustrations of early Rersian, Eygptian, Greek, or Oriental drawings or sculpture, or of American Indian drawings and paintings? 5. Select any motor act which you perform rather frequently. Study your actions from the standpoint of waste motions and apparent causes of fatigue if it is long continued. If you perform it efficiently, how do you think you achieved this? If you perform it inefficiently, how could you go about improving it? 6. Find some chair which is uncomfortable for you. Why is it unconfor table? 7. Have you ever worn clothing which was uncomfortable? If so, try to analyze the reason.for this discomfort in terms of effect upon your movements. -8, Select some sport skill which you have learned recently. Write out the reasons which you know for the details of the technique which you were taught. 9. In driving a car with the driver's seat adjusted too close or too far from the. wheel for a person of your size, where do you notice the feeling of fatigue? 10. Define kinesiology and give its general relationships to certain other sciences. a J ! oe U7 . fi f a MA A/ Ah p-aAtdA A i. ll hy L420 UC hp a : . : 7G se oe ey Ss ‘ ALAA FILA | Wee y Ch fj pee / | ~ le | FE j /] O° Gin JA ASF] JLtf AAO ALAPS L LTO LAL EG) di hth, ‘\ % An = a Ye om oe ae th-P1ad lo Petitth~Sbicerh | Ss SL And J OY LFF et ALK A?E t ALS pp— i / a +f eet Ja pe ee m Wt ttn — M1 C4 {/ / Los f/ St Jose pungent pdnlange it - ge ee. 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Wb Af is eo -F I - ti a —b - a pee AL 4 a7, ~~ o ee e e Wid tth AIK WK y Fa 7 7 a all OD bee OA | PA iL ATUL G A y 2 ws YK ar 21) A musele can only pull; it never pushes, a % Thiers) The muscles of the body ar Ky (16) The gliding type of joint is best onemplified by ee, REE cont exe AI a eek ea uh cam: a PEP) okt 9S ayo) ee eae RIQNESTOLOGT Examination Questions a (a) — kinesiology and give its general relationships to certain other sciences, (b) List at least three of its contributions to the betterment of tosehing physical education. IIe (a) Wiens, in the human body, is the location of motion? (bd) Where, the source of bodily motion? Ti. (a) Name the three general classes of joints to which all articulations of the body belong. : (b) Name and give one example each of the six types of freely movable joints. IV. Answer these questions yes or no: nt£2) Whenever there is nervous stimulation the muscles relax. Bi _ Every muscle has its two ends attached to different bones. 4) All muscles are arr ged in antagonistic pairs or groups. ht 5) The smaller muscles ard located where the greatest force is needed. 46) The human machine efficiency. MB") The primary factors in ‘the physiological condition are fatigue, source of . | food substance, d remo al Oo waste ‘Substances from the tissue. ae of three types, smooth, amen a annie, 4 pe ene. Mresneamansarr me ~~ WA (9) The cardiac is the ee direetly da ose for motor” activity Nee(20) Muscle activity tekes wlan t rough) Whi regular processes of metabolism. (2:13 Inertia is a property of all shinotas MA (12) The human body is stable when in a standing position. mn Gravity is a constant force acting on all bodies. Ar 14) The two articulating bones of the hip joint are the scapula and the humerus. Ah 5) The elbow joint is a ball and socket joint. aha we Pica of the vertebrae. Wh WM ) The ball and socket joint is