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should be knowm to be in good health. A medical examination should be provided or
required at least once a year. After illness a permit should be issued if the
student is to take part in the activities. Games should be provided that are
within the strength and age range of the groups involved. One should not expect

- 10 year old boys to run a two mile race or high school girls to play 20 minute
halves in a basketball contest. First aid materials should be available at or
near all activities and emergency treatment applied as befits the situation. Most
cases of injury should be referred at once to a doctor for care. It is very easy
not to do this. An infected wound can easily prejudice parents against all ath-
letic activities. This is harmful to the school and to the teacher's standing in
the community. Many colleges and universities have hospitals and doctors in their
employ, and it is part of the routine to examine and take care of students. Some
public school systems also maintain physicians on their payrolls to whom pupils
can be referred with a minimum of expense. In the smaller school systems, a
doctor very frequently follows all athletic contests and will volunteer his ser-
vices. The injured student or the family may refer the case to the regular family
physician.

Finance

Intramural activities should be considered a part of the educational system
and should be financed directly from school tax levies. This is being done in an
increasing number of schools every year. Some schools, especially the universities,
use gate receipts from their intercollegiate athletic contests to help finance
intramurals. In far too many cases, the athletic program cannot finance itself.
Admission is sometimes charged at intramural contests and this money used to aid
the budget. This method may serve occasionally as a stop gap but is not satis-
factory if used long, and it will in some cases lead to undesirable practices
sometimes found in interscholastic and intercollegiate competition. The manage-—
ment will find itself putting on a show to please the spectators instead of trying
to provide the contestants with wholesome activities under good social conditions.
Some schools put on circuses, programs, plays, or other entertainments to which
admissions are charged. If enough children take part, usually enough parents will
turn out to make the events show a profit. Some schools charge an entry fee for
each activity in the intramural program. The fees in most cases are used to pur-
chase small prizes for the contestants.

Officials

The proper selection of officials cannot be over-emphasized. Poor offici-
ating will spoil an intramural program quicker than any other administrative pro-
blem. Students who are interested enough to take part in these activities show a
remarkable desire to win. To control contests of keen rivalry, good officials
should be provided. This is not always easy, but if players consider the officials
fair, they may get along all right without being experts. Several methods of
choosing officials are used at the present time. The writers have witnessed
several groups of elementary school children umpiring games without any noticeable
friction among any of the contestants. These children have been trained in good
sportsmanship and were taught to respect the decisions of the leaders. In this
case each team had an official who had to be ready to function when assigned by
the director of officials. Since the Federal Government has been providing part
time work in education, N.Y.A. or C.S.E.P. employees may be assigned to the intra-
mural department and used for officials. Physical education majors are an excel-
lent source for officials. Many varsity athletes are willing to serve. Schools
that sponsor clubs could well have official's clubs where rules are studied and
the fine points of officiating are discussed. Such clubs might be supreme courts
of appeal. from game decisions and rulesinterpretations. Before a new activity