THE PIONEER ORGANIZATION FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE IN THE UNITED STATES The NAVY LEAGUE of the UNITED STATES is the civilian arm of the United States Navy. It believes in a navy second to none, as an assurance of our security in war and of our prosperity in peace. During its existence the Navy League of the United States has had occasion to contrib- ute much toward our naval preparedness and today as never before there is a need for this civilian support. Organized in 1902 by a group of patriotic citizens, the Navy League is a non-partisan group whose only interest is the national security which our Navy provides. For 42 years its program has been designed to secure the fullest civilian co-operation with the Navy. The League will probably be of even greater importance after the war and it has a present project to build its membership so that it may continue to be effective when victory is won. Its immediate activities include: 1. All possible aid and assistance to the officers and men of the naval service supplementary to that extended by the government and the authorized Relief Agencies in the hope of lessening the sacrifices they are called on to make. * A neighborly hand and spirit for their families, to the same end. An active support to the American Merchant Marine, so that American ships will be available to sail the seas that the Navy is now freeing. The co-operation in the training pro- gram of Naval R. O. T. C. units by providing private boats of the Navy League members for instruction in prac- tical seamanship. This basic training is proving invalu- able to these young men in learning to discharge their duties as naval officers more effectively. The inspiration of American youth and of Americans in general with the prin- ciples that the Navy has always so splendidly represented, and is now fight- ing to preserve and permanently safe- guard. The maintenance of an adequate naval force. after victory, with the strength and efficiency needed to preserve our national defense. The preparation and distribution of in- formation relative to the naval service, through the magazine ‘Sea Power” and other channels. “Sea Power” is a monthly magazine pub- lished for the purpose of disseminating timely * news and items of interest about the United States Navy. It devotes articles each month to the activities of the Navy League and in that way serves as the official organ of the Navy League. A twelve months’ subscription to ‘Sea Power” is included with all member- ships in the Navy League. In 1922 the Navy League instituted Navy Day (the birthday of President ‘Theodore Roosevelt, October 27). Its purpose has al- ways been to stimulate public interest in the Navy and in all that concerns the Navy, and to specialize in the actual needs and conditions of the Navy. The Navy League has no connection with any business or political organization. It is not a relief or welfare organization. There are adequate organizations for this lat- ter purpose in connection with our sea-going forces. It is a patriotic association to promote adequate sea power, both naval and merchant, in war and in peace for the security of the United States. The Navy League has Local Councils in many cities. Members are desired whose ideas are in accordance with the principles here expressed and the policies here described. “Tell the men to fire faster, and don’t give up the ship. Fight her till she sinks.” — Capt. James Lawrence IF, YOU .CAN ETE. JOIN. THE. NAVY JOIN THE NAVY, LEAGUE * Mills Building WASHINGTON 6, D. C. Officers of the Navy League of the United States -President: SHELDON CLARK, Chicago, IIl. Honorary President: Hon. CuHarts Epison, Llewellyn Park, N. J. VICE PRESIDENTS National and Regional: Morcan ApDAms, Los Angeles, Calif. [Eritton I. Bubp, Chicago, Ill. SAMUEL E..M. Crocker, Boston, Mass. GEorGE D. FLYNN, Jr., Providence, R. I. WILBUR Forrest, New York, N. Y. CHARLES HANN, Jr., New York, N. Y. FRANK A. HECHT, JR., Chiczgo, IIl. NeELson Macy, Greenwich, Conn. Hon. MarsHALit F. McComs, Los Angeles, Calif. SAMUEL A. PERKINS, Tacoma, Wash. OGDEN REID, New York, N. Y. LAWRENCE Woop Robert, Jr., Atlanta, Ga. LAURENCE RoMFH, JR., Miami, Fla. Joun A. STEVENSON, Philadelphia, Pa. Treasurer: RoBerT V. FLEMING, Washington, D. C. Judge Advocate: JoHN MArsHALL, Washington, D. C. Secretary: E. M. Coiiins, Washington, D. C. Nationa! Chairman of Councils: FRANK A. HEcut, JR., Chicago, III. * THE NAVY LEAGUE OF THE UNITED STATES INCORPORATED 1903 Wasuinoton, D. C. THE CIVILIAN ARM OF THE NAVY The Navy League of the United States HE Navy League of the United States is an organization of civilians determined to keep war out of the United States. It recognizes that, in this world as it is, ade- quate armaments are necessary to secure peace- ful respect for American policies and interests, and it believes that, for our prosperity of today for the future of our country, for the maintenance of our rights and ideals in the world, and for the utmost prolongation of peace, our Navy should be second to none. The pioneer organization in the United States for national defense, the Navy League is non-partisan, non-political and was founded for the purpose of promoting a more general knowledge of the Navy by men who had expe- rienced the devastations of war and were firm in the belief that an adequate Navy was the surest, best and cheapest insurance of peace. The League has no connection with any business or political organization of any kind and is not pro-anything nor anti-anything, but is just plain American, and it insists that, whatever else the Congress may do or leave undone, it shall not fail in its duty, as pre- scribed by the Constitution of the United States, to provide such a Navy as will insure this country against the horrors of war in the homeland. In addition to specializing in information about the actual condition and needs of the Navy and the Merchant Marine, the Navy League stresses the reasons why the Navy must be ever ready, ever alert for instant action whether such action may call for dip- lomacy, humanity or force; reasons why, in the final analysis, our Navy must be inferior to no other Navy in the world. Our people may know much of the vic- torious Navy of war times, but little of its share in the victories of peace; of the prestige that its armed strength gives to our statesmen in their conduct of diplomacy; of the protec- tion it gives to our exports which we cannot consume and must market abroad; of the insurance that it gives the entire people that this vast business by which we live shall not collapse in time of war; and of the great value of the Navy as an industrial asset. The Navy has played no small part in the progress of America to its present state of influence, and the Navy League emphasizes this unity with every interest and activity of the national life. In all matters having to do with national efficiency, the Navy League will be found on the side of progress. While the primary pur- pose of the League is to work for a strong and efficient Navy as our first line of defense, we cannot in the interests of national peace, over- look other elements that make for prepared- ness, and which have some relation to naval matters, The Navy League rejects the fatuity of dis- armament by example. Living in a world of reality, the League would foster the instru- ment of its security while looking forward to the realization of the ideal not yet attained when the only security needed by mankind shall rest in the hearts and minds of men and nations. NAVY DAY Navy Day was inaugurated in 1922 by the Navy League of the United States and its ob- servance is sponsored annually by the League. October 27th was selected because it is the anniversary of the birth of President Theo- dore Roosevelt, so much of whose life was de- voted to establishing a sound naval policy for the United States of America. It will be re- membered that President Theodore Roosevelt first achieved a national reputation by writing a naval history of the War of 1812, a work of such merit that it was incorporated into Clowe’s Royal Navy, a monumental history of the British Sea Service. Later, as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, and finally as President, Roosevelt bent his tremendous energies to im- press upon the American people the necessity for an adequate Navy, and endeavored through his leadership to realize this ideal. - October is also the month in which the American Navy was founded in 1775 by the Continental Congress. In addition to paying a deserved tribute to the sea heroes of the Nation and recalling the splendid part the Navy has played in making and keeping us a Nation, the Navy Day ob- servance has proved a valuable means of foster- ing a better understanding of the Navy and its work. Such information, in a country where government is by public opinion, is essential to the formation of correct judgments affect- ing naval policy, and in this work of informa- tion the Navy Day observance has played a considerable part. RECEIVED FROM NAVY LEAGUE Mr. Forrest C. Allen, OF THE UNITED STATES S01 La. St., THE MILLS BUILDING Lawrence, Kans. WASHINGTON 6, D.C. THE SUM OF $10.00 FOR MEMBER DUES FOR ONE YEAR IN THE NAVY LEAGUE OF THE UNITED STATES ($1.80 OF WHICH IS FOR AN ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION TO THE MAGAZINE SEA POWER.) NAVY LEAGUE OF THE UNITED STATES nae fe Sf Z We : PER e oo THIS 1S TO CERTIFY THAT FORREST C. ALLEN IS A MEMBER OF THE Navy LEAGUE OF THE UNiTED STATES SECRETARY DUES EXPIRE__January 1946 __ _ Navy League of the United States Constitution and By-Laws As Amended to Noveiabet 3, 1944 : THE MILLS BUILDING WASHINGTON 6, D. C. Navy League of the United States Constitution and By-Laws As Amended to November 3, 1944 THE MILLS BUILDING WASHINGTON 6, D. C. Navy League of the United States (Incorporated 1903) CONSTITUTION ARTICLE I POLICY The League shall be strictly “non-parti- san,” and neither its name nor its influence shall ever be used, directly or indirectly, in connection with party politics. ARTICLE II PURPOSE The object and purpose of the League shall be to acquire and spread before the citizens of the United States, information as to the conditions of the naval forces and equipment of the United States, and to awaken interest and co-operation in all mat- ters tending to aid, improve or develop their efficiency. No declaration of the policy of the League shall be made without the approval of the Board of Directors. ARTICLE III MANAGEMENT The control and management of the prop- erty and affairs of the League shall be vested in a Board of not less than twenty- 3 pS STS SRST SER aN three Directors, who may adopt and amend by-laws and regulations for its government, and who may confide the prosecution of the objects and purposes of the League, under prescribed regulations, to such persons as they may select in any section of the United States, in the territories thereof, in any islands under its jurisdiction, and in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, and may to that end grant a commission to five or more such persons. ARTICLE IV EXPENDITURES No money shall be authorized to be ex- pended, and no contract or obligation in- curred of any kind or nature, and no authority given to incur any obligation involving the payment of money, in the name or on behalf of the League, beyond the money actually in hand, appropriated and set aside for the purpose. ARTICLE V AMENDMENTS This Constitution shall not be amended unless the amendment has been approved by the Board of Directors and subsequently confirmed by a two-thirds vote at an Annual Meeting in the call for which notice of the proposed amendment has been included. 4 November 8, 1944. Navy League of the United States REVISED BY-LAWS ARTICLE J MEMBERSHIP SECTION 1. MEMBERSHIP, To be eligible for membership one must be a citizen of the United States and of good repute, as evidenced by the endorsement of at least one member of the League in good standing or who may otherwise qualify to the satisfac- tion of the Executive Committee and who pays such dues as may be called for under the by-laws of the League. SECTION 2. Commissioned officers of the U.S. Navy or Marine Corps, whether in the Regular or Reserve establishments, are not eligible for membership while on active duty. Commissioned officers while on inactive or retired status are eligible to membership but said membership will be suspended if and when officer is on active duty. SECTION 3. ASSOCIATE. To be eligible for an associate a citizen must indicate his interest in the aims and purposes of the League in such form and in such method as may be stipulated by the Executive Com- mittee from time to time and who shall pay such dues as may be provided for under the by-laws of the League. 5 SECTION 4. SUBSCRIBERS. Subscribers shall be any person or corporation who wishes to subscribe to the magazine SEA POWER. SECTION 5. FEES AND ANNUAL DUES. (a) Life Members (one payment) ....$100 (b) Members (annual payment) ........ 10 (c) Associates (annual payment)... 5 (d) Subscribers (annual payment)... 3 SECTION 6. RIGHT TO VOTE AND HOLD OFFICE. Only members are eligible to vote or to serve on the Board of Directors or on the Executive Committee or as officers. SECTION 7. RESIGNATIONS. Resignations of members shall be made in writing to the Secretary or to the Secretary of a League Council, in which latter case the resignations shall be forwarded to the Secretary of the League. ARTICLE IT OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS SECTION 1. TERM OF OFFICE. The officers of the League shall be elected for a term of one year or until their successors are elected and qualified. All honorary officers shall be elected and serve for such period as the board of directors may designate. The board of directors shall consist of not less than 23 and not more than 96. SECTION 2. ELECTION OF OFFICERS AND MEETINGS. The Board of Directors shall hold 5 a general meeting immediately after the Annual Meeting, and by a majority of votes elect officers of the League to hold office for the ensuing fiscal year, or until their succes- sors are elected, and transact such other business as may come before them. Upon call by the President, the Directors will hold such other meetings as may be necessary to direct the affairs of the League. Upon writ- ten request to the President by any two other members of the Executive Committee, he shall call, within three weeks, a meeting of the Executive Committee or of the Board of Directors, as may be requested; and should the President fail to call such meet- ing so requested within the prescribed time, the requesters may issue such call, reciting such failure, and any meeting held pursuant to such call shall be a legal meeting, and its acts and proceedings as valid and binding as though such meeting had been called by the President. Six of the Directors shall con- stitute a quorum. A copy of the minutes of each meeting of the Board of Directors shall be sent to each member of the Board. SECTION 3. There shall be elected by and from the Board of Directors 2 President, such Vice-Presidents as the directors may determine, a Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer and a Judge Advocate or counsel and such other officers or representatives, including such honorary officers as may in the opinion of the Board of Directors be advisable. These officers shall receive no salary or other compensation. There shall be a secre- 7 as aN tary who shall be appointed pursuant to Section 7 of Article II of these by-laws. SECTION 4. DUTIES OF OFFICERS. The board of directors may from time to time fix the duties and authorities of the officers and authorize the appointment from its members of representatives to act in such capacity as may appear to the Board necessary or desirable for the promotion of the objectives of the League, including the establishment of the office of Regional Vice-President in each Naval District and further and addi- tional representatives in each Naval Dis- trict or State as the circumstances may require or permit, to further the objectives and purposes of the League. SECTION 5. THE PRESIDENT shall be the chief executive of the League and shall pre- side at the Annual Meeting, at the meetings of the Board of Directors, and at the meet- ings of the Executive Committee. He shall appoint all committees not otherwise pro- vided for by the By-Laws and shall have power and authority to sign contracts, deeds, and other legal documents on behalf of the League. SECTION 6, VICE-PRESIDENTS. Each Vice- President shall have such duties and author- ity as the board of directors or executive committee may from time to time designate, and in the absence of the President, the senior Vice-President in term office present shall perform the duties and exercise the 8 authority of the President unless the Board of Directors or Executive Committee shall otherwise provide in assignment of duties and authorities. SECTION 6 (a). EXECUTIVE VICE-PRESI- DENT. The President shall have the authority to appoint an Executive Vice-President at a salary to be approved by the Board of Directors. The Executive Vice-President shall be under the authority and direction of the President and removable at his dis- cretion. SECTION 7. TREASURER, ASSISTANT TREAS- URER AND SECRETARY. (a) TREASURER. The Treasurer, selected from the Board of Directors, shall be a member of the Executive Committee, and shall be responsible for the custody and disbursement of all funds of the League and the custody of all property of the League. The Treasurer shall report to the President and the Executive Committee as to the financial condition of the League, quarterly or oftener, in his discretion, and shall an- nually at the annual meeting of the League, submit a certified statement of the condition of the League. (b) ASSISTANT TREASURER. The Assistant Treasurer, selected from the Board of Di- rectors, shall perform the duties and exer- cise the authority of the Treasurer in his absence. SR (c) THE SECRETARY, The Secretary shall be appointed annually by the President, with the consent and approval of the Board of Directors or Executive Committee, and shall serve during the will of the President. The Secretary shall receive such compensation and have such duties and authority as may be designated by the President with the consent and approval of the Board of Di- rectors and, subject to the further action of the said Board or Committee, will keep all records of the meetings of the League, its Board or Committee, and have custody of the League’s seal and records. (d) The officers and employees shall be required to furnish such bond and in such amount as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time, said bonds to be purchased at the League’s expense. SECTION 8, EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND OTHER COMMITTEES. There shall be ap- pointed by the President, with the consent and approval of the Board of Directors: (a) An Executive Committee of which the President shall be Chairman, and which shall have not less than five and not more than fifteen members, all of whom must be directors of the League. This Committee shall exercise all the powers of the Board of Directors when the Board is not in ses- sion, subject to ratification by the Board at its next meeting. Records of all meetings of the Executive Committee shall be kept and 10 read at the directors meetings following each meeting of the said committee. Records of all meetings of the Board or committees will be sent to the persons entitled to notice of said meeting. (b) Such other committee or committees as the Board of Directors may from time to time deem advisable, said committee or committees to have such powers and duties as the Board of Directors may provide. The Executive Committee and any other committees which may be established shall hold their meetings at such time and subject to such provision for notice as the Board of Directors, or in the absence of action by the Board, the respective committees, shall de- termine. The quorum of each committee will be designated by the Board of Directors. SECTION 9. VACANCIES IN THE BOARD OF Directors. If for any cause a vacancy shall occur in the Board of Directors, the Presi- dent shall have the power to fill such vacancy. The director so elected shall serve for the unexpired term of the director whose place he is taking. ARTICLE III ACCOUNTS SECTION 1. THE FIscAL YEAR, The fiscal year shall begin on November first of each year and end with October 31st following. 11 OE Ly Rt A SECTION 2. STATEMENTS. Members, asso- ciates and subscribers shall be sent state- ments for their membership dues for one year in advance from the first day of the month in which they originally joined and if said statement be not paid within sixty days of its date then the members’ rights and privileges shall cease until the said indebtedness has been discharged. ARTICLE IV SECTION 1. THE ORGANIZATION OF COUN- CILS. State and Local Councils of the Navy League of the United States may be organ- ized in accordance with the “Outline of Local Navy League Councils” approved by the Board of Directors. ARTICLE V ANNUAL MEETING SECTION 1. CALLING AND HOLDING THE ANNUAL MEETING. The President shall fix a date on which the annual meeting shall be held, such date being within two months after October 31 each year SECTION 2. ALL MEemMBersS MAy ATTEND. Upon notice from the President, the Secre- tary, or such other officer as the President may designate, shall notify all members of the time and place of the said annual meet- ing and also notify the said members of the matters to be considered at said meeting. Voting at the annual meeting, although 12 limited to members, may be in person or by proxy. SECTION 3. REPORTS. The President, Treas- urer and Secretary shall submit their annual reports for consideration at the annual meetings. ARTICLE VI _ SEAL The seal of the League shall be circular in form, containing in the center an Ameri- can eagle perched upon a fouled anchor, encircled by the words, “Navy League of the United States.” 13 The Navy League of the United States * The Pioneer Organization for National Defense in the United States * FounpDED: November 20, 1902. Pursuant to the call issued by Jarvis B. Edson, Chairman of the Committee ap- pointed by the Naval Order of the United States for the formation of a “society to insure the United States against the pos- sibility of being invaded”, the Navy League of the United States was organized at the New York Yacht Club. Present at this meeting were: Jarvis B. Edson, a naval veteran of the Civil War representing the Naval Order of the United States; Washington Irving, an officer of the New York State Naval Militia, representing the Association of the Naval Militia of the United States; C. W. Rushenberger, representing the Naval Academy Alumni of Philadelphia; and J. D. J. Kelley, an editorial writer of the New York Herald, representing the Naval Academy Alumni of New York. INCORPORATED, January 2, 1903, under the laws of the State of New York. The original incorporators, whose names appear on the “Certificate of Incorpora- tion”, were: J. W. Miller, Jarvis B. Edson, Washington Irving, Jennings S. Cox and Herbert L. Satterlee. At the meeting of these incorporators, January 15, the fol- lowing were duly elected as additional incorporators: G. B. Satterlee, Alfred Ely, Allen S. Apgar, Aaron Vanderbilt, J. D. J. Kelley, John Vander Poel, Charles H. Loring, William Butler Duncan, Jr., J. Frederic Tams, Henry E. Rhoades, T. C. Wood and Robert S. Sloane. First Boarp oF DiREcTORS: January 15, 1903: At this first meeting of the original incorporators, the Chairman announced that the twelve men just elected, together with the five originally named in the cer- tificate of incorporation would constitute the Board of Directors of the League until the first annual election. First Orricers: January 23, 1903: President, Hon. Benjamin F. Tracy Vice President, Hon. William McAdoo General Counsel, Herbert L. Satterlee Secretary, George B. Satterlee Honorary Vice Presidents: John J. McCook J. Pierpont Morgan Robert M. Thompson Frank W. Hackett John W. Weeks Irving Scott Perry Belmont The Navy League of the United States, first suggested in 1901, had its roots in the Civil War because it was founded by men some of whom served in the Navy during that war but who resigned during the stagnation of promotion that existed between the close of the Civil War and the beginning of the Spanish War. Most of them returned to the Service during the Spanish War and were connected with the Naval Militia both before and after that war. Inspired by love for the Navy and for their Country, having a first hand knowl- edge of the horrors of war and believing that, owing to our geographical position, war could come to us only across the sea and that, therefore, an efficient and ade- quate Fleet was the best defense against invasion and the surest, best and cheapest insurance of peace, they founded the Navy League to urge the creation and mainte- nance of such a Fleet. President Theodore Roosevelt contrib- uted a part of the Nobel Peace Prize money given to him to the Navy League and was the first President to endorse the organization. His letter follows: “WHITE HOUSE Washington, D. C. March 19, 1903. “My dear General Tracy: “It seems to me that all good Ameri- cans, interested in the growth of their Country and sensitive to its honor, should give hearty support to the policies which the Navy League is founded to further. Furthermore, there is a special need in a matter of such importance to all of us, which is yet not the special business of any of us, that a society should be formed to watch with a jealous eye the general interest. “No district is specially concerned in adding to the strength of the Navy—no public man has any pressure of concrete interests brought to bear upon him in its behalf. “For the building and maintaining in proper shape of the American Navy, we must rely upon nothing but the broad and far-sighted patriotism of our people as a whole; and it is of great importance that there should be some means by which this patriotism can find an effective utterance. Your society offers just the means needed. “IT congratulate the Country because it has been formed. “Sincerely yours, THEODORE ROOSEVELT.” “Gen. Benjamin F. Tracy, President of the Navy League, New York, N. Y.” os < GOLD PLATE "KEEP OUR NAVY THE STRONGEST IN THE WORLD" This Is Your NAVY A Monthly Information Letter Exclusively for Members of The NAVY LEAGUE Published by the Regional Office of the Navy League of the United States, 400 West Madison Street, Chicago 6, Illinois Volume I April 1945 Number 3 AMPHIBIOUS MEDICINE: Modern warfare brought it into being. Eight corpsmen hit the beach with each infantry company (one corpsman to every 25 men). They are experts in control of hemorrhage, splinting, and use of plasma. Two medical officers and eight corpsmen, with stretcher bearers and jeep ambulances, set up battalion aid stations as soon as the beachhead is expanded. This unit is followed by the field hospital of five medical officers and 70 corpsmen with life-saving surgical equipment. It goes into operation before the area is out of range of enemy guns. All this is linked to an evacuation program involving landing craft and planes. Result: 98 out of every 100 wounded recover. In the Normandy invasion all but 3/10 of 1% of the wounded reaching England survived. SEA GOING CRADLES: The ARD (Auxiliary Repair Dock) is an aesthetic monstrosity, but the ponderous mobile hull can belly down under a crippled destroyer, pump itself dry and cradle its ailing occupant until repairs are completed. The ARD, born of the war in the Pacific, has saved countless ships damaged in battle which otherwise might have been out of action for months and might not have even stood the strain of a return trip to the states. MOPPING UP: This operation is one of the forgotten but tough jobs of the war. Look at Guam. Invaded 21 July 1944, declared "Secure", (Navy term for completely in our possession) in early August 1944. But it wasn't until 17 February 1945 that a day went by without an armed Jap being killed onthe island. The score to dates: 18,002 dead Japs, 4,242 of these killed after the island was "secure". QUOTES OF THE MONTH: Navy Pilot over the Boninss "I've got four already--and 30 more cornered." Admiral Halsey: "If we let the Japs negotiate a peace now and we do not demand absolute and unconditional surrender, we will be committing the greatest crime in the history of our country. They will merely use the peace, as Germany did before them, to build up for another war." British pilot to CO of USS SARATOGA after landing on her huge flight deck: "Sir, I feel as if I had landed in your state of Texas." Material Herein Not for Publication Except with the Express Authority of the Regional Vice-President of the Navy League (Ninth Naval District). ARMY TO GET YOUNG MEN: As a result of an agreement between the Army and Navy, all Selective Service inductees 18 to 20 years old, inclusive, will be acquired by the Army until 15 June, with the exception of inductees who qualify and are earmarked for special Navy pro- grams such as radio technicians and combat aircrewmen. The arrangement was made in order to satisfy the Army's need for young infantry replacements. During the three months period most Navy inductees will be taken from the 21 to 38 age group. EDITORIALLY SPEAKING: Grove Patterson in the Column "The Way of the World" in the "Toledo Blade" March 27, 1945 said, "Best news of last week in Toledo...is the decision to estab-— lish here a council of the Navy League of the United States, and the acceptance by Paul Brooks of the leadership of the undertaking... The Navy League is neither a relief or welfare organization. There are good organizations for such service to our sea-going forces. It is a patriotic association to promote adequate sea power .ee.ein war and in peace... The League is organized in many states and has local councils in many citiese Toledo has been behind.” Says J. T. Norris in the Ashland, Kentucky "Independent" of 25 March, in his column "News and Views": "Formation of an Ashland council of the Navy League of the United States last Friday brings to the forefront a question which will be of utmost importance in keeping the peace after victory is complete over Germany and Japan... But above all others stands the necessity expressed by Secretary Forrestal that we 'Keep the Fleet to Keep the Peace'."” COMMANDANT PROMOTED TO VICE ADMIRAL: A three-star flag was raised at noon 7 April 1945 over Ninth Naval District Headquarters, when Rear Admiral A. S. Carpender, U. S. Navy, Commandant of the Ninth Naval District, officially became Vice Admiral. Vice Admiral Carpender assumed duties as Commandant on January 3, 1944. The Navy League is proud of the recognition which has come to the Commandant and to the importance of his work in the Ninth Naval District, which embraces all of the Midwest. Sincere congratulations are extended to a loyal friend of the Navy League who has rendered every assistance requested to the Navy League's activities. MULES TO THE FRONT: In this day of mechanized warfare it is a surprise to learn that the United States has converted 17 ships for the specific purpose of carrying mules to over-= seas fronts. Their stalls are placed crosswise to minimize seasicknesse. Each ship maintains a sick bay for from 16 to 32 mules. KEEPING UP TO DATE: The U. S. Navy is constantly engaged in scientific research for new weapons, materials and practices. More than 900 separate research projects, are currently under way. Aircraft are constantly being improved. Battle experience has required so many changes that few planes now in production retain the name generally in use two years ago. The principal Navy planes now are: Fighter-Wildcat; Scout Observation-Sea Hawk; Dive-bomber-Helldiver; Torpedo-bomber-Avenger; Patrol-Liberator; Search=Privateer. WHAT SHALL WE DO WITH THE SHIPS; Lewis W. Douglas gives his answer to the question in the April issue of the "Atlantic Monthly". It is a stimulating discussion of the future of the Merchant Marine with an unusual suggestion as to the solution. Several years ago the late Admiral Moffet said that "A second best Navy is no better than a second best poker hand". POST WAR NAVAL STRENGTH: Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King recently made an important declaration of naval post war policy in an address in New York to members of the Academy of Political Science and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Admiral King advised the nation not to squander or barter the naval greatness that we have achieved "for the moment." He declared that the United States must insist on a Navy constantly kept modernized, so that it would always be ahead of possible aggressors. He stated unequivocally that this country must keep a large navy in post war years and retain permanent possession of our newly won Pacific island bases. Thus would America be safe from future aggressors. The penalty for failure to maintain both a Navy and bases raised the question, said Admiral King: "How long can the United States afford to continue the cycle--the cycle of fighting and building and winning and giving away, only to fight again and give away again." "Rich as we are," he said, "we do not have the physical and human resources to dissipate our patrimony in this manner, generation after generation." Admiral King declared that we shall never permit our naval power to be squandered or bartered er if our people realized what this would mean in terms of America's future. "Hence our sea power should be maintained," he stated, "and furthermore, it should be dedicated, in both war and peace alike, to promote the security and well being of our people and the peaceful stabilization of an improving world organization. "We who have gone through this war have paid the penalty of forgetting the lessons of the years between the wars. This time we shall win the victory in spite of our past mistakes. But next time the penalty of forgetting these lessons may be the loss of America and liberty. "If we give up our Pacific bases now, the time may come," continued Admiral King, “when we will have to fight to win them back. These atolls and these island harbors will have been paid for by the sacrifice of American blood. They will have been Scooped out of sand and rock and coral and volcanic ash by Americans, who gave their service, ingenuity and money." WE INVADED OKINAWA IN 1853: This is not the first time the Navy has invaded Okinawa. Commodore Matthew Ce Perry, U.S.N., did it in 1853, under somewwhat different circumstancese But that invasion, unlike this one, was more or less incidental, a small act as it were, in a greater drama of the Commodore's opening of the Japanese mainland. to American trade. NAVY V-12 COLLEGE UNITS: All Navy V-12 college units will remain in operation for the term July 1 to Nove 1, 1945, and establishment of additional Naval Reserve officers' training corps units will be postponed. The expanded NROTC program is planned to permit transfer of V-12 officers candi- dates so that they may complete a full eight-term course in college, and the postponement in the establishment of additional NROTC units will have no effect on the general principles of this plan. The Navy Answers Your Questions CAN THE USS MIDWAY GET THROUGH THE PANAMA CANAL? All ships of the U. S. Navy are built with that consideration in mind. DOES THE NAVY HAVE AGE BRACKET INFORMATION ON ITS PERSONNEL? Yes, -it.iss AGE : NAVY MARINE CORPS COAST GUARD 17 3.37% . 66% 3.07% 18-22 46.30 52.34 34.73 23-30 31.56 36.99 43.24 31-38 14.57 7.76 12.67 39 & over 4.20 2.25 6.29 IS. THE NAVY REDUCING THE NUMBER OF INDUCTEES AND WHAT DOES THE REDUCTION MEAN? Yes, approximately by one-half. The Navy is approaching its authorized strength of: Navy, 3,589,000; USMC, 478,000; USCG, 173,165. WOULD THE AGREEMENT TO LET THE ARMY HAVE ALL INDUCTEES 18 TO 20 YEARS OLD (SEE PAGE 2 OF THIS LETTER) PLAY A PART IN THE NAVY'S DECISION TO CUT BACK DRAFT QUOTAS? All factors having to do with manpower were taken into eonsideration. The primary factor is that it is approaching its present authorized strength. IN SITUATIONS INVOLVING PUBLIC APPEARANCE OF A SOLDIER, SAILOR AND MARINE, IN WHICH ORDER ARE THEY LINED UP? It should be in order of seniority of the service, from right to left, the soldier, marine and sailor if there is no flag being carried; if there is a flag being carried, the soldier carries the flag, with the marine to his right and the sailor to the left. WHAT IS THE PERCENTAGE OF REGULARS AND RESERVISTS IN NAVY AND WHAT IS DIFFERENCE IN STATUS OF ENLISTED REGULARS AND ENLISTED RESERVES? Roughly 80% are reservists. There is no difference in regulars and reserves except for period of enlistment. A regular enlists for 6 year period which is extended during wartime. But should the war end before the 6 year hitch is served, the regulars will finish out their enlist- ments; while reservists are signed up only for the period of the National Emergency and six months. WHO IS IN CHARGE OF CIVIL ADMINISTRATION IN ALL ISLANDS IN: PACIFIC UNDER NAVAL COMMAND? Admiral Nimitz is in overall command of such islands and the U. S. Naval Military Gov- ernment controls the Marshalls, Western Carolines and Marianas (Saipan, Tinian and Guam). HOW MANY PRISONERS OF WAR ARE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES? There were 365,437 prisoners of war held within the continental limits of the United States as of April 1, according to the War Department. Breakdown as to nationalities was as follows: German. eeeeseeeeeeeeeeseeaeeeee@ 2 511,630 Italian. eeeeeoeveeeveeeen ee eee8@ 50, 549 JAPANESCeecccecccccccecccce 5,208 NAVY The Navy League joins the Na- tion in mourning the loss of the Commander-in-Chief, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. He was a staunch friend of the cause of a strong Navy. The fleet that sails the sea today is a tribute to his fore- sight and effort. GOAL REACHFEA) By FRANK A. HECHT, JR. Regional Vice President The goal set last fall by the state vice presidents of the League in the Ninth Naval District has been reached. Every one of the 13 states in the District has the necessary 10 charters for a state council. The pre- liminary objective is achieved. The League is not yet fully representa- tive of the great Midwest. Many large cities are still without Navy League coun- cils. Experience has demonstrated that every city of 5,000 or over is adequate to sup- pert and should have a Navy League or- ganization. [he chart on the next page shows the potential in terms of cities of 5,000. No state should feel that it has even approached completing the job of expansion until all, or the major percentage of its potential, is realized. The job is only begun. We should complete it while we have the momentum. The complete organization may be ef- fected if every local organization will through its state vice president plan now to see that the cities in its vicinity lkewise have councils. In every state the following steps should be taken to complete organization: Local councils not already organized should meet, elect officers, adopt by-laws, and hold a charter meeting. Arrangements for Navy speakers and for combat films should be made through the state vice president. The 169 councils which are now organ- ized represents remarkable progress since last fall when the movement began with - but nine councils in the District, but let’s finish the job and do it right. The 6,000 members which have been enlisted during the éxpansion is an impressive total, but many local councils are still too small. Let’s get all of the Navy’s friends in the com- munity into the movement. LEAGUE EXPANSION ILLINOIS STATE CHARTER MEET- ING. Left to right: Sheldon Clark, Pres- ident of the Navy League of the United States; William E. Fay,- State Vice Presi- dent for Illinois; and Vice Admiral Arthur S. Carpender, U.S.N., Commandant of the Ninth Naval District. 75 representatives of Navy League councils were the guests of Britton I. Budd, National Director, at the Blackstone Hotel in Chicago on 29 March, when the state charter was presented by Mr. Clark to Mr. Fay. The Commandant made the principal address. Illinois was the first state to organize. On the night of the Illinois meeting the tenth organization in Kentucky was completed, and every state in the Dis- trict thus became entitled to a state charter. IOWA STATE CHARTER MEETING. Left to right: Karl E. Madden, State Vice President for Iowa; Vice Admiral Arthur S. Carpender, USN, Commandant, Ninth Naval District; Frank A. Hecht, Jr., Re- gional Vice President; and W. E. Betten- dorf, President of the Davenport, Iowa council. Over 100 representatives of local councils in Iowa were present at the state charter meeting in Davenport on 21 March. The charter was presented by Mr. Frank A. Hecht, Jr., Regional Vice President to the newly elected state vice president, Karl E. Madden, at the banquet in the Black- hawk Hotel. The Commandant was the principal speaker. Preceding the dinner the representatives were the guests of Mr. Bet- tendorf and the Davenport organization at a cocktail party. NEW NAVY LEAGUE COUNCILS There are now 169 local councils in the Ninth Naval District. ‘The councils organ- ized since the March issue of the Information Letter with the names of their temporary chairmen are as follows: INDIANA Lebanon =: Wo Parr Jr C7) NORTH DAKOTA etn cers hye Se SOUTH DAKOTA Vermillion - >...) I. D. Weeks (TC) Vankton os John L. Keating (TC) MICHIGAN Battle Creek 2520's: B. E. Godde (TC) Grand. Rapids. 0.00 Se eens J. W. Blodgett, Jr. (TC) Jackson .... Donald M. Mackie (TC) Kalamazoo “ee Frank J. Ryan (TC) Lansingee sae. seams Muskegon ...... CG. S. Prescott (TC) Y pallantl George Ennen (TC) OHIO Maton Charles Burke (TC) Columbus .... John F. Williams and John B. Heenan (CO-TC) Dayton ae. S.C; Allyn £7) Hamilton: 4)5 .: Guy H. Beckett (TC) Ironton ...... Charles L. Collett (TC) Middletown ... G. F. Ahlbrandt (TC) Sandusky 05.0 223 James Parker (TC) J OCR. fis eee E. P. Brooks (TC) PAameev ese Se te a a ie KENTUCKY Ashland: ies E. W. Seaton (TC) Danville. 2 5rs Henry Nichols (TC) Frankfort .... Charles O’Connell (TC) Hae Para. J. Frank Fox (TC) BaGranve-a.-4.: J. Ballard Clark: (1C) Dexinctom. 9... a: Sam Walton (TC) Mayfield... .5:..; Clay Shelton (TC) Middlesboro ..... Lee Campbell (TC) Owensboro ..... John A. Bolger (TC) Paducahi Ya. gc. Lanson Ditto (P) Pic Bk H. A. Rogers (TC) Winchester <..... Allan Buckner (TC) Bowling Green. .J. Rowe Cessna (TC) The basic overall job of a local Navy League council is one of education and pub- lic relations. Fundamentally, what is de- sired to be achieved is an informed body of citizenry in each community who will und-rstand the needs for a strong Navy and will be ready to intelligently and effectively support it whenever that becomes necessary. The following activities are merly sug- gestions. A manual for local council opera- tion is in progress and until it is completed and approved by the National Board of Di- rectors, no official program may be stated. Fut in answer to the many questions as to what a local organization may do, the fol- lowing activities are offered as suggestions: 1. An education program should be set up which will make use of every op- portunity to see that information as to the needs for a strong Navy reach- es all channels to the public through the schools, the press, and the radio. Debate, essay or oratorical contests on subjects related to the role of sea power or a strong postwar Navy is one way of creating interest. Appro- priate awards may be offered by the local council to the individual team or school. Material for such contests will be available on request to the Regional Office. Possibilities here are limited only by the ingenuity and the energy of the local organization. bo Form an expansion committee to as- sist the state vice president in organ- izing local councils in nearby cities. There still is a big job to be done and the local council may be of real assistance to the State Vice President if it will assume the responsibility for organization of neighboring cities. . The organization should become the counselors and assistants of the Navy on all of the Navy’s local activities, such as: (a) Rehabilitation. (b) Recruiting. (c) Officer Procurement. (d) All other local projects. Various civilian committees have as- sisted in these activities which logic- ally belong to the Navy League. Speakers on the Rehabilitation Pro- gram can be made available for the Navy League and local organizations. The Navy League ought to use every means at its command to see that the men returning from the naval service make the transition from Navy life to civilian life with the least possible difficulty. A great reservoir of good will can be built by the civilian group if it will actively pursue a project of this sort adapted to the needs of the local community. . Meetings of its members held at least quarterly. The Navy will supply speakers with combat experience and a knowledge of naval history. Also recent combat films will be available. COMPARISON OF NUMBER OF LOCAL COUNCILS WITH NUMBER OF CITIES OVER 5,000 V/A POTENTIAL HRM oncanizen 10 1407 100 7% 58.87 51.97% N.DAKOTA S.DAKOTA NEBRASKA KENTUCKY KANSAS IOWA _32 Y 43.87. C SUGGESTIONS FOR COUNCIL ACTIVITIES Requests for speakers and film must the planned program. Such requests be made well in advance of should be made to your State Vice President. 5. A speakers’ bureau may be organized from local membership. The speakers should acquaint themselves with naval history and the story of the Navy League. They may speak at programs at all luncheon clubs such as Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, etc., in the vicinity of the council of the Navy League. Speech material may be obtained on request to the Regional Office. 6. Navy Day celebrations (October 27 each year) should be organized and coordinated each year by the local council. 7. From time to time there will be va- rious other local projects such as as- sisting in publicizing Navy movies such as “The Fighting Lady”, and particularly Navy projects which may come to the local community. All of the specific projects should be tied in to the one basic objective of keeping the membership and the public informed as to the needs of maintaining the position of the nation as the foremost seapower of the world. All requests for assistance of the Navy should be made to the state vice president of the Navy League. (Ww CWC. GG / : ZZ) L) 6 i d10 " 12 rt 22.7% PT ATH 269% 28.4% 15.47 1.7% 137% MINNESOTA MISSOURI WISCONSIN INDIANA MICHIGAN OHIO. ILLINOIS The potential, represented by the figure atop the column for each state, is the number of cities over 5,000 in the state. The portion of the potential organized is represented by the solid black part of each column, thus Iowa with eleven councils has 44 cities over 5,000 and has realized 25% of its potential in organization. North and South Dakota both have exceeded their potential. This chart reflects the situation up to April 10. OUR NAVY THE STRONGEST IN THE WORLD” This Is Your NAVY A Monthly Information Letter Exclusively for Members of The NAVY LEAGUE Published by the Regional Office of the Navy League of the United States, 400 West Adams Street, Chicago 6, Illinois Volume I March 1945 Number 2 SECNAV TO FRANK A. HECHT, JR., REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENT: On February 9, 1945 the Secretary of the Navy wrote the Regional Vice President of the Navy League as followss: "I have noted with keen interest the splendid progress in creating new councils of the Navy League in the Ninth Naval District. The progress in your district has been outstanding. These councils can be of assistance in winning the Support of the public for a strong postwar sea-air power which America must have for its own security and the peace of the world." JAPANESE LOSSES: The ratio of loss of Japanese planes has been going up each year of the war. Here is the box score. Jap U.S. Ratio 1942 1,134 384 320-1 . 1943 Zsyele SOL 6.5=-1 1944 6,473 1,147 5-7-1 What the Navy has been doing to Japanese planes it has also been doing to their Ships. If you don't think so, look at the record. Sunk Probably Sunk Damaged Total 7 Dec. 41 | 19 June 44|| 7 Dec. 41 | 19 June 44|| 7 Dec. 41 | 19 June 44|} 7 Dec. 41 | 19 June 44 Type of Ship to to to to to to to to 19 June 44| 2 Feb. 45 || 19 June 44| 2 Feb. 45 || 19 June 44] 2 Feb’ 45 || 19 June 44} 2 Feb. 45 COMBATANT 152 ait: $B St 39 159 105 342 296 NON-COMBATANT 719 759 52 65 270 605 | 1041 1429 TOTAL 871 911 83 104 429 710 1383 1725 Grand Total is 3,108 ships sunk, probably sunk or damaged. MORE ENEMY VESSELS have been sunk or damaged in the Pacific in a little more than half a year since the Battle of the Philippine Sea, on 19 June 1944, than in our two and half years of war against Japan up to that time. by the Navy Department last month are shown above. The comparative figures, as- announced Fleet and air units operating under CincPac have accounted for a major part of the enemy Shipping listed in the tabulations, while submarines operating under the same command accounted for the remainder. Material Herein Not for Publication Except with the Express Authority of the Regional Vice-President of the Navy League (Ninth Naval District). PRESS CONFERENCE WITH ADMIRAL HALSEY : In the United States recently on leave, Admiral Halsey held a widely publicized press conference. However, one question and answer of eo interest he members — of a Navy League is ‘set forth here in full: ig The Press: ‘Admiral, do a think we should keep the fleet regardless ; oF a world league? ‘Adintral ‘Baresy: We better had! SHIPS TO RUSSIA: Sixty Liberty Ships are being dettveraa to Russia by tee: United States to relieve acute merchant — Seen nate = ADMIRALS OF THE FLEET: Admirals Ernest J. King, Chester W. Nimitz, and William D. Leahy have stepped up to the five star rank. They will wear these stars in a circle on shoulder boards of overcoats and shirt collars of summer uniforms. Above the broad gold braid indicative of flag rank will be four stripes of gold to mark the Admiral of the Fleet. One five star job remains vacant. NAVY MANPOWER NEEDS: The Navy still needs nurses. Eligible for Navy Nurse Corps and a commission are registered nurses 21 to 40 years of age, single or divorced. All eligible nurses should be referred to the nearest Office of Naval Officer Procurement or Red Cross Recruitment Committee. Also urgently needed are doctors up to age 60. Physical qualifications were recently modified and many not previously eligible are now acceptable. Procurement offices in Chicago, Cincinnati, Detroit, Kansas City, and Minneapolis have commissioned appointments available to Chaplains, electrical, mechanical, and civil engineers, retaurant and hotel managers, warehouse managers, Shipping experts, stevedores, accountants, comptrollers, and patent attorneys. In general a college education and extensive experience iS required. = HIGHLIGHTS OF THE REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY: The Secretary recently made a report on the world's largest Navy. The 38-page public document covered the fiscal year 1944 and phases of the Navy except combat operations. The Secretary said that the Normandy and Mariannas invasions "demonstrated" again that sea power is the foundation, though not the final element of victory. Neither our land forces nor our air forces could be brought to bear until, having beaten back the enemy fleets, we Secured our advance bases and the sea lanes to them. Our ability to reach the homelands of our enemies--and their ability to reach us-=have depended on one factors Allied control of the seas." "We have learned that in order to make our nation secure we must always retain the capability of attacking our enemies on their shores rather than permitting them to bring the war to us... The greater our strength the sooner our victory." ". « e One of the foundations of American naval strategy", declared the Secretary, "is the concept of a mobile fleet. . - not tied to land bases, one capable of enormous strategic range." In detail the problem of supplying the world's largest fleet, consisting on 30 June 1944 of 1,108 war ships and 60,191 other craft and 34,000 planes mounting 220,000 guns is described... Men.and supplies come from 900 shore establishments and 300. advance bases. Over 3,600,000 men are housed, fed, clothed, trained, and transported in this gigantic enterprise. Material crosses three ‘thousand miles in one ocean and seven thousand miles in the other. The fleet is mobile because of floating repair facilities, sSupply*vessels, and advance bases, all on a basis never approached in prewar days. During the year the Secretary reported that industry had achieved "the remarkable record" of completing nearly three warships every two days. This does not include landing and lesser crafte For the fiscal years 1940 to 1944 Congress has authorized the Navy to spend $118,200,000,000, and to date $86,800,000,000 has béen committed. In an epilogue the Secretary said that. the Navy is not "manned and run by robots .«.e " .."There:-is still-a spiritual factor in war. One cannot fly in a plane operated by naval airmen, one cannot sail in a ship of the Navy, without being aware that the spiritual force which pervades all our history is still the real foundation for the success of our arm... No man can stand in the presence of these young men on the eve of battle without a deep humility, nor can he, without being presumptuous, undertake to describe their heroism, their Sacrifice and their service." He concludes that the men of the Navy vere the affirmation of our American faith and of the willingness of men to lay down their lives for each other. They truly exemplify that definition of courage--grace. under pressure". LEGISLATION AFFECTING THE NAVY: Expansion of the Naval ROTC from its previously fut cori aed strength of. 7,200. to 24,000 officer candidates until one year after the war and 14,000 thereafter is provided for by Public Law 1, 79th Congress, Signed by the President on 13 February 1945. In carrying out the new legislation, the.Navy plans to transfer to the NROTC by 1 July 1945 a large proportion of V-12 officer students, including most of those in deck officer training. The shift of approximately 17,000 V-12s to NROTC, combined with the present 5,503 candidates in the latter, will bring NROTC enrollment to a point near its newly authorized strength on that date. ¢ The place and precedence of NROTC: graduates on active duty, along with that of other reserve and temporary officers who desire to transfer to the regular Navy, will be determined by legislation covering the personnel of the future Navy. Proposals for this legislation are still in the planning state and will not be disclosed until definite recommendations are made to Congress. All of this means a shift in plans for the selection and training of naval officerse Civilian commissions, except for Specialists, are now rare. Officer indoc- trination schools are closing and so also are some ‘of the midshipmen schools. we CHEN COW FOR USS PHILADELPHIA: A luncheon recently was Held ae the Bellevue- Stratford Hotel in Philadelphia at which the Navy League presented a "mechanical cow" to the cruiser USS PHILADELPHIA. The mechanical cow is a machine which is being used extensively in the services. It makes real milk, cream, and ice cream mix which contain all the nutrients and vitamins of the fresh dairy products. It does this by recombining skim milk powder, butter, and water by an ingenious process which also ia aio and homogenizes the finished products. : IF YOU READ: You will find "Toward a New Order of Sea Power" by H. Fe Me Sprout, Princeton University Press (1940) to be a stimulating presentation of the role of sea power in the modern world. It begins with Mahan's sea power interpretation of history, reviews the power politics of the Pacific, the two conferences of limitation and ends with a prophetic chapter on a new order in sea power. It is written in words from a civilian's vocabulary. The Navy Answers Your Questions HAS THE VETERANS ADMINISTRATION RELEASED A LIST OF APPROVED SCHOOLS WHICH VETERANS MAY ATTEND UNDER THIS BILL? Veterans may attend any accredited school recognized by the department of education in the state where the school is located. Permission has also been granted by Veterans Administration for ex-service personnel to attend recognized schools in foreign countries. IS THE BRITISH FLEET IN USE IN THE PACIFIC? The Navy has no comment other than that has already been announced that the British Fleet will operate with the United States Fleet in the Pacific. The tactical use of any fleet or portion thereof is a matter of security. WHAT IS NAVY DIRECTIVE RELATING TO DRAFT OR RELEASE FROM SERVICE OF AN ONLY SURVIVING SON? Navy regulation is that when a family has lost two or more sons in service, consideration is given to return to, or retention in, the continental United States of a sole surviving son except when he is engaged in non-hazardous duties overseas. “ WHAT IS THE NUMBER OF NEGRO WAVES? WHERE TRAINED? As of 24 February 1945 there were 45 Negro WAVES in service, which includes two officers. Enlisted girls trained at NIS, the Bronx, N. Y. (Hunter); Officers at NRMS, Northhampton, Mass. WHAT ARE THE TOTAL CASUALTY FIGURES FOR THE NAVY, MARINE CORPS, AND COAST GUARD SINCE DECEMBER 7, 1941? The total announced to date is 91,520, which breaks down by services and classi- fications as followss$ PRISONERS DEAD WOUNDED MISSING OF WAR TOTALS U.S.N. 24,097 13,165 9,545 2,978 48,985 U.S M.Ce 10,442 28,221 883 1,889 41,435 U.SeCeG. 598 210 292 0 1,100 55,157 41,596 10,520 4,267 91,520 Several times as many Navy men have been killed in action during the present war as in all previous wars of the United States combined. Naval losses in all the wars from the Revolution through World War I amounted to 4,232 killed in action. Only 422 men were lost in World War I, while the total in the Civil War was 2,177. 277 men were lost in the Spanish American War, 259 of these going down with the U.S.S. MAINE. The remaining losses were in the early battles of the Revolution and the War of 1812. ¢ NAVY Left to right: Sheldon Clark, Chicago, President of the Navy League of the United States ; Lea T. Dwyer, Indianapolis, Vice President, State of Indiana The Indiana State Charter was pre- sented to Leo T. Dwyer, State Vice Pres- ident by Mr. Sheldon Clark, President of the Navy League of the United States February 27 at the Indianapolis Athletic Club at Indianapolis, Indiana. The meet- ing was the occasion of a joint meeting be- tween the state organization and members cf the Indianapolis Council of the Navy League of the United States. The presi- dent of the Indianapolis Council, Mr. Nicholas H. Noyes, presided. Approximately 450 persons attended. Representatives of all of the 18 councils in Indiana were present at the luncheon. Governor Ralph Gates, who is also a mem- ber of the League, was present as a guest. Rear Admiral. Arthur S$. Carpender, USN, Commandant of the Ninth Naval District, was the principal speaker. The Admiral, referring to the League, said: “I believe sincerely in the Navy League, and I have given it my wholehearted support because I recognize that after the war is over, the naval officer may be regarded as a special pleader for the cause of a strong Navy, and rightly so, because the Navy belongs to the civilians who support it. “That is the strength of the Navy League. It is composed entirely of civilians. No naval officer may enjoy membership. It can be a major force in postwar public cpinion as to the need for seapower by a nation that has leadership thrust upon it in a modern world.” Lieutenant Alexander Vraciu, USNR of Gary, Indiana, one of the state’s outstand- ing war heroes, was also present and spoke. LEAGUE EXPANSION Left to right: Dr. J. E.-M. Thomson, State Vice Pres. of the League of Nebraska; Frank A. Hecht, Jr., Regional Vice President of the Navy League of the United States. Rear Admiral Arthur S. Carpender, USN, Commandant of the Ninth Naval District, was the guest and principal speak- er at the State Charter banquet at the Cornhusker Hotel in Lincoln, Nebraska on March 7. Mr. Frank A. Hecht, Jr., Re- gional Vice President of the League, pre- sented the State Charter to Dr. J. .E. M. Thomson at the banquet, which was at- tended by nearly 100 members of the Navy League of the United States, repre- senting the Lincoln Council and several of the other councils throughout the state. Mr. Hecht in presenting the State Char- ter said that an effort was being made to have strong local councils in every state of the United States, and that it was rec- ognized that the local councils were the strength of the League. He said that, “If our organizations are numerous enough and our lccal membership representative enough we can prevent what happened after World War I. We can save the fleet.” Preceding the banquet the Lincoln Coun- cil and the State Council held business sessions. Irving S. Chapin was elected pres- ident and Dr. J. M. Woodward was elected secretary-treasurer. Dr. J. E. M. Thomson was elected Honorary State Vice President of the State organization and Mr. E. B. Crofoot of Omaha, Nebraska, was elected State Vice President. Earlier in the day Rear Admiral Car- pender and members of his staff, together with représentatives of the Nebraska Navy League were the guests of Governor Dwight Griswold at the governor’s man- sion for luncheon. ORGANIZATION PROGRESS . As reflected by the other side of this page a great many of the local organiza- tions have not held charter meetings nor elected permanent officers. These, charter meetings should proceed as rapidly as possible. The Navy stands ready to furnish out- standing speakers and combat movies of recent actions for these meetings. All re- quests for Naval assistance should be chan- neled through the state vice president. COUNCIL ACTIVITIES There are many activities in which a Iecal council may engage. The local organi- zation should become the group to which the Navy looks for assistance in recruiting and rehabilitation programs. Some specific programs are suggested. Speakers Bureau A worthwhile project by local councils is the organization of a Speakers Bureau. Every local organization should have at least two or three men who are well versed in the story of sea power and its influence on history, and who can tell the story of the Navy League and its objectives. These speakers should be made available to the organizations in the vicinity of the local council, such as Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, and other clubs. Much good can result from the appearance of these speakers. ‘Through this means the story of the Navy. League may be effectively told and a foundation of public opinion built to support the keep- ing of the fleet after this war. A letter to the regional office will bring material for your speakers. Write to the Navy League of the United States, 400 West Madison Street, Chicago 6, Illinois, if your organi- zation is interested. Thrift Shop A thrift shop is operated in the Navy Relief Building on the U. S. Naval Train- ing Center, Great Lakes by the Navy Re- lief Auxiliary. Wives of officers acting as volunteers sell material which is donated and the funds are devoted to furnishing without charge layettes and clothing for infants and children of needy families of men in the service. The shop needs cloth- ing, particularly for women and children, household furnishings such as pictures, vases, and bric-a-brac, costume jewelry, toys, and books. If a drive is not organized by your local council any material in this category may be shipped direct to: Navy Relief So- ciety, U. S. Naval Training Center, Great Lakes, Illinois. It will fill a great need and the funds will assist a worthy cause. NAVY LEAGUE COUNCILS, NINTH NAVAL DISTRICT The following list represents all the 136 Navy League Councils now organized in the District with either the T’emporary Chairman, indicated (TC), or the elected President indicated (P). All of the states in the District with the exception of Michigan, Ohio, Ken- tucky, and South Dakota have qualified for State Charters by having ten or more local councils organized. Expansion is underway in these states and they all will undoubtedly qualify before March 31. WISCONSIN—William M. Chester, State Vice President, Milwaukee. MINNESOTA—Judge Oscar Hallam, Honorary State Vice President, St. Paul. INDIANA—Leo T. Dwyer, State Vice President, Indianapolis. Anderson... :. R. M. Critchfield, (TC) Belo. ee ey Gordon Murphy (P) Judge Paul S. Carroll, State Vice Presi- Cobambus acs. Joe A. Swope (TC) Bond dy: Lac... .. Fred Freund (TC) ident, Minneapolis. Connersville... .Eric O. Johnson (TC) Green a fie Are eae E. F. Murphy (P) PORE bea ees eee Evansville.) 2... Paul G. Schmidt (TC) eS James B. Tait (TC) .... Judge John F. D. Meighen (P) Renosha es: 3 Jessel Whyte (TC) Reastin E. D. Peterson (P) Port. Wayne.4 33 200 wee iG Charis - Gal ae . U. Feterson : : ere Ge ean arles Gelatt (P) Daub oe ea. Gerald Howze (P) Prapeins cc LY Bice (TC) Madison Ose ds Fockuas (VC) ; : oS boee Hagatit \. 0)... Lucius A. Smith (P) Hammond...... Percy T. Smith (TC) Manitowoc...... Henry Schuette (TC) Wienges J. George Lynch (P) Hartford City... James Cronin, Jr. (TC) Milwaukee...) Irving Seaman (P) Minneapolis... Maurice M. Nae (P) Huntington. .... E. M. Wasmuth (TC) Oshkosh Fetes John Buckstaft (P) Rochester. 5 65 Dr. E. N. Cook (P) Indianapolis... . Nicholas H. Noyes (P) a aes ... A, B. Modine (P) St Riloud a a. A. A. Atwood (P) Bu0x. 2200s Irving Taitel (TC) ee Pe eee os St. Ce Bernard H. Ridder (P) SCE ee Di, Mem: Davis CEO), pee ee as ae ep) Witionae 2g ne H. D. Cory (P) Michigan City....P. T. Sprague (TC) Muncie. 2 Rodney G. Hayler (TC) NEBRASKA—Dr. J. E. M. Thomson, Perse shee ee W. W. Welsh (TC) oe feds, Honorary State Vice Poe Lincoln. Richmond... .Charles F. Ferling (TC) : E. B. Crofoot, State Vice President, Omaha. Shelbyville: 0 3. Pleas Greenlee (TC) aie - seth 8 i. » eRe iS i Fred Lentz (P) Terre Haute..... Anton Hulman (TC) Se ae. . cs a ‘AK ie = Cotniabus <6 5 Peter Lakers (TC) Barge. is Gi Fe He Falmer Hance (P) oe at if oe Poe : fremont... . H. Lamme ILLINOIS—William E. Fay, Fane One ] aoe oe a Hastings .... James D. Conway (TC) State Vice President, Joliet. Vo oo Roy cae (TC) Keamey: 200.05. O. L. Melton (TC) Autores Joseph Laz (TC) Mandan... 4.2725; Roy O. Young (P) Lincoln. . rae Irving -S. Chapin (P) Bloomington...... L.-Earl- Bach CFC). POE ge F.J. McGrath’ (EC) Deeg = Veron eiinpntt EO) Champaien-Urbana® .. 8 20. Mott: ee W. F. Reuter (P) EER ecins Been eT pag ; . Omaha Raymond Low (P) ee ee ae Burt C. Hurd (TC) Valley City > 3G. Alors (7e) ae : Chickeo. 2 oer os Barrett Wendell (P) Wahpeton Ras J. M. Thompson (TC) Danville........ A. H. Mauerman (P) ee ee H. M. Zahl (P) SOUTH DAKOTA—Lee R. Girton, Pen ce Paul E. Schickler (P) State Vice President, Sioux Falls. Eliiburst 35: C. Raymond Wolfe (P) | MISSOURI—Lloyd C. Stark, ABirdesn hs. Dr. R. C. Wilson (TC) Evaiston 2)" 52.28 L. M. Nelson (P) State Vice President, Louisiana. Brookings] 24/5 = L, Ay Lemert: (Te) Highland Park)... Paul Phelps (TC) Cape Gardbag ee Puna ie ar >A. B; Sanborn: (TC) Joliet. William] Mundoek’ (P) Judge James Finch (TC) Madison... ... G. Paul Bratager (TC) Neotne: 6 ee H. C. Good, (P) Columbia... ...- Dr. F. F. Stevens (TC) Mitchell. 00... H.R... Kibbee,. Jr. (TC) Paxtow tr Austin Sandstedt (P) Hannibal. ..... Frank Hodgdon (TC) Pierre pee ee Ss T. B. Roberts (TC) Pesta tk eee W. W. Winget (P) Jefferson City....R. P. Cummins (TC) Sioux Falls....P. H. McDowell (TC) Quincy...... William A. Barrett (TC) Joplin. . interes C. E. Schanze (P) Watertown....J. G. McFarland (TC) Springfield... F. L. Abbey (P) eansas ‘Citys i... James. M. Hatch (P) Waukegan...) .- L. J. Wilmot (P) Laeeox Hoa on ee Ve MICHIGAN—Thornton Brodhead, . St. but — ‘Chadd Belknap (TC) Shae Pepe Detroit Sedalia. .Dr. Charles D. Osborne (TC WEG. 2.254. Daniel C. Wilkerson (P) oe on Springfield... .. Walter George es Ludington... .W. H. Cuthbertson (TC) ? : Warrensburg George W. Diemer (TC) A traverse City 67 oo Ben Koenig (TC) Dadae City 3. 6 H. D. Roberts (TC) West Branch..... Edward Gould (TC) Fort:Scott. ok G. W. Marble (TC) . Wyandotte jc. co, Anthony D’Anna Hutchinson 2.0... Roy C. Davis (TC) epee ina calies dacs ae Independence...... H. A. Meyer (TC) eS ee OO = Goes ws Cbd Kansas City. .E. R. Callender, Jr. (TC) Burlington... Oliver Hamilton (P) eal a. ae de . ae | Lawrence. .> 2. Hovey J. Hanna (TC) Cedar Rapids.... Mark Anderson (P) ie eres Leavenworth... : F. C. Bannon (TC) Clinton........ William T. Oakes (P) oe WE ogi sh for eee (P) Manhattan...... Kenney L. Ford (TC) Davespert ese ee Meee a (P) Citcinnati; . «Elmer F. -Hunsicker (P) Ota Was eh H. D. McGrath (P) hia a C, W. Gifford (P) Teey I ee ee ie See ce pia as Parsous.,. 2 Clyde M. Reed, Jr. (TC) eee. conn ee Mer ee os ie ae Shaken JEAcehy bry) Pittsbare oe: Claude Bradney (TC) Towa ae ao, vie 4 ae - Salina........... Roy F. Bailey (TC) Keokuk 0 U..H. Parker (P) KENTUCKY—Adolph Reutlinger, Topeka." 2... 4 A. R. Senter (TC) Ottumwa..... Walter F. Abernathy (P) State Vice President, Louisville. With sc3 2 Andy S. Ritchie (TC) Waterloo. oles R.A Rath CFC) Louisville....... Downey M. Gray (P) December 15, 1944. Mr. Harry Darby, , Vice President and Direstor, Navy League of ‘the United States, Box A, Kenses City 17, Kensas. Dear Harrys Thank you for your letter of the 13th concerning the Navy League. I will be glad to cooperate in any service in our war against these atrocious powers of barbarism. | It ao happens that I am secretary of our Douglas County Seleotive Service Board, had charge of the County Red Cross War Fund drive and a number of other activities, but this is one job that we should do to our utmost and with the greatest zeal. . I will be happy to see Mr. Hovey Harma when he comes. Very sincerely yours, Director of Physical Education, PCA:AH | Varsity Basketball Coach. HON. CHARLES EDISON SHELDON CLARK NATIONAL CHAIRMAN OF COUNCILS JOHN MARSHALL ERICK A. JOHNSTON E. M. COLLINS HONORARY PRESIDENT PRESIDENT SAMUEL E. M. CROCKER JUDGE ADVOCATE TREASURER SECRETARY NAVY LEAGUE OF THE UNITED STATES (INCORPORATED 1903) “THE CIVILIAN ARM OF THE NAVY” WASHINGTON, D. C. PLEASE REPLY TO: HARRY DARBY : December 13, 1944 VICE PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR Box A, KANSAS CITY 17, KANSAS Dear "Doc": We are organizing over Kansas local councils of the Navy League of the United States. Take it from me, please, that this is a very important organization, or I wouldn't bother an impor- tant person like you about it. I know you are very busy and have the time to look after only important things, especially at this time. We have finally succeeded in getting Hovey Hanna to head up and organize a Lawrence Council of the Navy League. He will call on you in the next few days to explain why we need this "Civilian Arm of the Navy", and at that time he will satis- factorily explain the details regarding the organization of your council there. The Navy is giving its full support to the organization of these local councils, and Admiral Carpender, the Commandant of thé Ninth Naval District has said that he would like to have these councils organized in our state by the 15th of December. We need ten councils in the state of Kansas, in order that we can make application for a state charter -- we don't want our application to go in without Lawrence. We realize that December 15 is right on us, and that this is a.bad time of the year to carry on any outside activities, but since this is as important as it is, we are not embarrassed about imposing on you. Both the Navy and the Navy League are very anxious that the charter members of each council represent a cross-section of the outstanding citizens of the community it represents. Therefore, we would like so very much to have you become a charter member. Sincerely, — arry Darby Vice President & Director HD.LJ Navy League of the United States Dee Fs. Gs Alien University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas ‘IF YOU CAN’T JOIN THE NAVY, JOIN THE NAVY LEAGUE” December 15, 1944. 2 Lite 0+ Ds Hassinger, USNR, Ue. 5S. Navy Branoh Public Relations Office, 319 Dwight Building, : Kensas City 6, Missouri. Dear Lieutenant Hassing er: Thank you for your letter of the l4th concerning the Navy League. I will be glad to sooperate in any service in our ‘wer against these atrocious powers of barbarism. It so happens that I am seoretary of our Dougles County | Selective Service Board, had charge of the County Red Cross | : War Pund drive and a mumber of other activities, but this is , one job that we should do to our utmost and with the greatest geal. : | I will be happy to see Mr. Hovey Hanna when he comes. Very sincerely yours, co Director of Physical Education, FCA:AH — Varsity Basketball Coach. UNITED STATES NAVY BRANCH PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICE VICTOR 8366 319 DWIGHT BUILDING KANSAS CITY 6, MISSOURI 14 December 1944. Dre fs Ce Allen University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas Dear Dr. Allen: Soon, if he has not done so already, Mr. Hovey J. Hanna will call you to discuss the Navy League and to invite you to become a charter member of the Lawrence Council (i. e., Chapter) which is now being organized. I am writing to assure you that the Navy wants the Navy League. and everything it stands for. Sea Power, the monthly magazine of the League, keeps members informed of new Navy developments, and League membership affords opportunities to express individual opinions in an effective manner. Personally, when I return to business, I shell welcome the opportunity such a membership affords to state and restate my opinion that we can get no better insurance against future wars than a Navy adequate to serve our national interests and kept adequate through the orderly replacement of obsolete equipment. If this coincides with your views, I recommend a Navy League membership as an effective way to make your views count. Sincerely yours, O. D. HASSINGER Lieutenant, USNR Officer-in-Charge