Reprinted from BUREAU OF NAVAL PERSONNEL TRAINING GETTING THEM FIT TO FIGHT PHYSICAL TRAINING MAKES FIT FIGHTERS THE COVER shows Seabees at Camp Peary climbing a wooden wall by means of scaling ropes. This is one detail of the Navy’s comprehensive physical training program. The complete program is out- lined in this illustrated article, with information in- cluded on the function of each exercise and sport the Navy is using. Navy men, fully clad and with rifles, swarm down cargo net in drill that prepares for landing operations. GETTING THEM FIT TO FIGHT Ti the job of the Physical Fitness Section of the Training Division, BuPers, with its Specialists (A) and physical training officers. There is just one objective of all naval training—to prepare men physically and technically for service in the fleet. The man who is in top physical condition fights better—and longer—than the one who isn’t. “It takes the physically fit to stand the gaff in the Navy,” said Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, usn, CinCPac, in speaking to Chief Specialists (A) at Pearl Harbor assigned to the fleet and the Fourteenth Naval District. The physical training programs at recruit training stations, service, mid- shipmen, and officer indoctrination schools, and V-12 Units ae built around the fact that it takes “iron men for iron ships.” The training program, by preparing men physically, de- velops also a spirit of confidence and a will to fight. For example, a man who enters the Navy with no experience iu body contact sports (boxing, wrestling, football, etc.) may get a completely new mental experience from his first boxing lesson. After more training in contact sports a man gets poise, confidence, skill, and the desire for combat— even though he had never had a grade-school fist fight before his Navy days. At each recruit training station a physical training officer is attached to the staff of the recruit training officer. His job is to administer the physical training program, both in recruit and service school training, which now has a mini- mum time requirement of at least five hours per week. On the staff of the Director of Training in each of the Naval Districts a physical training officer supervises the program at activities in the district. Specialists (A), all of whom have had training at the Physical Instructors’ School, con- duct the physical training activities. The physical fitness program is divided into physical training and physical maintenance. The former aims to de- velop men to a high state of physical fitness, the latter to keep them there after that level is attained. Physical train- ing includes all exercises, games, and sports required during the training day as a part of the regular program. Those games, sports, and activities participated in by naval per- sonnel during their leisure time are considered recreation and are conducted under that program. Obviously, there is a close relationship between the two. On the following page are statements by the Secretary of the Navy, the Chief of Naval Personnel, and the Director of Training, concerning physical fitness. A 19-page word- and-picture story on the physical fitness program follows to show in complete detail how this important job is being done. The plans and purposes of the Navy’s famous obstacle courses are described, pages 3-5; the advantages of calis- thenics, pages 6-7; the lessons taught by boxing, page 8; the methods of teaching hand-to-hand fighting, pages 9-11; the swimming program, pages 12-15, with the strokes fa- vored by the Navy pictured on page 13; the place of football in the Navy, page 16; the standard tests the Navy has for a man’s physical fitness, page 18; and the place of gym- nastics, page 19. FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY (Excerpts from a speech delivered by Secretary Knox to the Touchdown Club, Washington, D. C., 11 January 1944.) “We in the Navy definitely believe in the type of physi- cal exercise and sports which involves bodily contact with your opponent. “One of the lessons we have learned in this war ought to be that the building up of the physical side of young Americans is one of our most important and crucial tasks in the days after the war is over. “In the organization of which General Vandegrift is the Chief, only one man in five could pass the examination required to get into that organization. That ought to give us some sober thought, because, I think we all agree —I am sure the Navy and Marine Corps will agree—that the Marine Corps has the finest esprit de corps of any fighting organization in the world. And you can’t have that kind of esprit de corps unless you have a physical base for it because, believe me, there is a direct relation- ship between physical condition and physical courage. “The price of freedom is the ability to defend it. We are living through hours and months and years now of an era when that truth is being forced home on us as never before. “But, remember men, that just ships isn’t the answer. We have the ships now. Through a very miracle of pro- duction, we have built in the last two years the greatest fleet that ever swept the sea under one flag. But ships alone don’t make the Navy. We've got to have men, and to get an adequate force of men to man those ships is a pressing obligation upon every American citizen. “One thing I hope we’ve learned is that only those peo- ples will survive free who maintain themselves in a posi- tion where they can defend that freedom if it’s challenged. That’s the price of survival. That’s the lesson that has been bitterly burned into our minds and souls in the last quarter of a century. That doesn’t mean we want to embark on any era of imperialism. “Let’s help, all of us, to build up that spirit in our coun- try which will insure that if the time of testing ever comes again it will find us ready. Ready spiritually, ready ma- terially, and above all, ready physically, to play our part in saving the world against such a danger as that which now threatens it.” FROM THE CHIEF OF NAVAL PERSONNEL (Excerpt from Foreword in Physical Fitness Manual for the U. S. Navy.) “A primary responsibility of the Bureau of Naval Per- sonnel is the education and training of officers and en- listed personnel of the Navy. An important aspect of this responsibility is the physical fitness of every person in the naval service. This responsibility is discharged through the administration of the Physical Fitness Pro- gram which is designed to develop and maintain a superior physical condition among all naval personnel.” FROM THE DIRECTOR OF TRAINING (Excerpt from BuPers ltr. 80 December 1944 to command- img officers of training commands.) “The ultimate objective of all our training is our effec- tiveness and success in battle. All Command Echelons at Sea and in the Field fully appreciate the importance of physical fitness in inducing boldness, enterprise, and in- telligence in combat, as well as insuring a greater capacity to resist shock. All Training Commands must recognize the importance of physical readiness for action in like manner and insure that appropriate measures are inte- grated in training programs, particularly in connection with new personnel and in association with indoctrinal training designed to develop firm discipline, enterprise, and spirit of combat.” Page 2 Ossracte-Course- WATER TIGHT DOORS 7 KIS CONOUITS 40" DIAM « 84° on obstacle courses like this. Courses are built so as to minimize accidents. TRAINING STATI —> PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPT. LENGTH OF COURSE APPROX. 400 YDS, UNITED STATES NAVAL ON THIS DRAW MG NOT TO SCALE The nation over, Navy men are running, falling, jumping, hurdling, crawling, climbing, balancing, vaulting and squeezing Men study a course before running it. OBSTACLE COURSES ARE TOUGHENERS Running is one of the best leg and wind conditioners. In obstacle-course running men must progress over, under, around, and through obstacles placed in their way. Usually obstacle courses are designed to include activities requiring use of arms as well as legs. Natural obstacles should be used wherever possible, but many satisfactory courses are constructed on running tracks, level areas, or even indoors. It is desirable to keep all physical training activities out-of- doors as much as possible and obstacle courses lend them- selves to various phases of the program. In general, provision is made for the following types of physical maneuvers in the Navy’s obstacle courses: (1) Running, including endurance running, sprint running, crouch running, running with heavy weights, zigzag running, run- ning over loose terrain, and running interspersed with occa- sional jumping, hand vaulting, and ducking under impro- vised booms; (2) falling, including falling with complete pack, falling to the side, falling and rolling, and falling while at full speed; (3) jumping, across ditches, from various levels or heights, and across stationary objects; (4) hurdling, over obstacles of various heights and widths; (5) crawling, around objects, through tunnels, and under low barriers; (6) climbing, up and down wood or rope ladders, up and down suspended lines, up and down cargo nets, over high Page 3 barriers, and up and down sharp inclines, either natural or constructed; (7) balancing, walking on balance beams, nar- row inclines, or narrow or confined space; (8) vaulting, over various objects such as rails and capstans (improvised), low barriers, or other similar barricades; and (9) squeezing through small openings. Hand-over-hand, which helps arm and shoulder strength, is universally used on obstacle courses. Close-ups of other obstacles in general use are shown on the next two pages. a Balance beam develops sure footing. A misstep and a man gets cold bath during (not after) workout. This is a preflight picture showing a universal activity of the physical fitness program. : Men go up ladders and down lines. Right: Climbing and descending crowded cargo nets. N Crawling and squeezing through small openings uses many a muscie that usually rests AAAS Sides of straddle run resemble heaving decks. Lame 10 years as boy, this man, after training, set records. CALISTHENIGS: FOR PRIMARY CONDITIONING The Navy has large numbers of men to condition in a comparatively short time. Often, space is limited. Calis- thenics have proved to be one of the best mass methods for accomplishing this end. Practically all great athletes and athletic coaches include calisthenic exercises and drills as part of their training routines. Calisthenics are used for warm-up and limbering-up purposes before many sports. In many instances calisthenic exercises also serve as a “taper- ing-off” period at the conclusion of a practice or drill ses- sion. In the Navy that also is the role of calisthenics. They are a part of, not the entire physical fitness program, as is evidenced by the broad scope of activities shown elsewhere in this article. Many times men find themselves alone. Calisthenics are a means by which they can obtain exercise under such cir- cumstances, At Salerno, Italy, men of a U. S. cruiser get daily workout aboard ship. Calisthenics take up little room. Drill with rifles is one form of calisthenics. Four other orms (there are dozens) are shown on the opposite page. Body bend is used in mass calisthenic drills. Calisthenics may be done in quarters as well as in the open and oftentimes aboard ship. They should be done in good form and executed with vigor. ning in place provides lots of activi Deep knee bends develop balance and leg muscles. Location: Bainbridge. Roll-back is for stomach and muscle development. This photograph is from a West Coast NTS. Standard boxing contest between Navy men is three 2-minute rounds. Navy men enjoy watching contests. Boxing is a sport as old as the art of war itself and provides, in its elements of individual combat. a close parallel to the battle penton that are faced today. The feint, the dodge, the counter-thrust, and the sudden devastating finishing blow, are as much a part of modern combat as they are of boxing. BOXING: FOR PHYSICAL FITNESS Boxing develops fleetness of foot, weight control, coordi- nation, and the ability to resist successfully an attacking opponent. Properly taught and practiced, boxing develops self-control, cool, decisive thinking in emergencies, self-con- fidence, and courage. In addition, it is an excellent exercise for the development of strength, endurance, and agility. Instruction to beginners in the science of boxing should not start with actual boxing, as the participant is likely to learn more bad boxing habits than good ones. Rather, a good instruction will begin with boxing movements in the form of shadow boxing so that the fundamental offensive and defensive movements may be thoroughly learned. After that, the men should be paired for practice in certain defen- sive techniques until they have mastered the basic move- ments in combination. Only after this instruction has been completed should the men be permitted to box competitively Proper stance, shifts, use of hands and feet are taught en masse. Professor makes a point to interested class. Note sweat and dirt ‘on backs in foreground. WRESTLING AND RELATED COMBATIVES TEACH HAND-TO-HAND FIGHTING Wrestling is a much used activity in the Navy physical fitness program because it serves as an excellent means of conditioning men and at the same time offers valuable skills for use in personal combat. It is a different type of body contact sport than most other sports. The maneuvers re- quire that a man must overcome his opponent largely by strength and skill in which there is the closest type of body contact, yet quite distinct from boxing, football or other athletics. There should be no confusion between legitimate wrestling, conducted in accordance with accepted rules, and the “grunt and groan” variety sometimes seen in commer- cialized matches. The sport of wrestling and other combatives illustrated here have these purposes: (1) The development of resource- fulness in personal combat; (2) the development of proper footwork and weight control; and (3) to learn to time the best moments for the attack in overcoming an opponent. Wrestling is a complicated sport when one gets into its advanced stages. The Navy program, however, includes the elementary phases of the sport for the reasons indicated above, as well as to give men a chance to improve their physical condition. Page 9 Head lock is vigorous, recommended wrestling hold. More wrestling holds are shown on next page. Hammer lock with a half nelson has lots of power. It is demonstrated to many naval trainees. Flying mare is quick way to get an opponent down. To let an opponent gain an arm lock is fatal. On this page are shown variations of wrestling k dummy weapc own as combatives. Sometimes Navy men battle for posses , as here. Hand-to-hand and unarmed combat includes certain special methods of defending one’s self at close quarters, with and without weapons, and of disarming and disabling the enemy. It is considered as a special science needing expert instruction, and many manuals on it and related subjects have been prepare Instruction is given those men of the Navy who are most likely to have occasion to use close-quarter fighting tactics. sion of a Arm wrestling is a rough and tumble business. In stick wrestling any means may be used to get possession of bat. Even jumping is done en masse in the Navy. This photograph shows abandon ship drill at an armed guard center. SWIMMING IS A SPORT THAT MAY SAVE A MAN’S LIFE “Tt is impossible to be too good a swimmer,” hence in the Navy physical fitness program swimming is given paramount consideration. To be able to swim may be to be able to live, and the Navy is continually giving increased attention to this important phase of the bluejacket’s training. Aside from being a possible means of saving one’s life, swimming is an excellent body-building activity. It develops endurance and coordination, and at the same time gives relaxation and is recreational activity. There are four general areas in swimming as related to use in the Navy. These are (a) fundamental swimming skills; (b) functional swimming drills; (c) abandoning ship drills; and (d) rescue drills. Form and speed swimming are not emphasized because of their relative unimportance and time limitations in training. In the Navy it is more im- portant that a man have a feeling of being at home in the water, and be familiar with several means of keeping afloat, rather than that he be able to execute strokes in perfect form. Navy Standard Swimming Tests have been developed in order to classify men as to their swimming abilities during Page 12 their training period. These tests also serve as a guide in formulating swimming programs at training stations and other naval activities. If a man is able to “enter the water, feet first, from a minimum height of five feet, and swim 50 yards,” he is classified as a swimmer-third class. This is the basic Navy swimming test and the means used for de- termining whether a man is a swimmer or non-swimmer. Approximately 28 percent of the recruits at Naval Training Stations are unable to qualify as swimmers-third class when they begin their training. When they leave, this number is reduced to less than six percent. Those just barely able to pass this test are also indicated as “swimmers who need help.’ To be a swimmer-second class a man must be able to “take care of himself” in the water. The successful com- pletion of this test necessitates his sustaining himself for a longer period in the water (10 minutes) and use of varied strokes. A swimmer-first class is one able “to help others.” He must be an expert swimmer and to pass successfully this test must demonstrate his aquatic ability by rescue drills, underwater swimming, removal of clothing in the water, and limited distance swimming. THESE ARE THE STROKES THE NAVY EMPHASIZES Strokes which are emphasized in the Navy swimming be an expert in speed strokes because, obviously, he isn’t program are the sidestroke, the elementary backstroke, and going anywhere. His big job is to get away from the ship the breast stroke. If a man has to abandon ship in the and keep afloat until rescued. The much-heralded crawl middle of the Atlantic or Pacific Oceans, he doesn’t need to _ stroke is usually too tiring because of the over-arm recovery. The back stroke starts with the legs extended, toes 1 pointed, and arms extended with hands along thighs. The legs have been extended and spread apart, with the arms extended outward from the shoulders. (Subject has been tilted slightly for better view.) Arms sweep down to sides and legs close together to complete stroke. The legs have been drawn up and the arms drawn up to 1 the shoulders. The breast stroke starts with the arms extended beyond 1 the head, legs together and extended, head dropped down between upper arms, while exhalation takes place. 1 The side stroke starts with one arm extended beyond « head. The top or “trailing arm” is extended with hands on thigh, legs extended and together. TOUTE ? The arms have completed pull from extended position be- * yond head to shoulders and are beginning to start their recovery under the body; legs have been straight during the arm pull and are just beginning to draw up toward the waist. The legs have been drawn up to start an inverted scissors; 1 under arm has pulled to chest and top arm recovered to the chest. 3 The arms and hands have recovered to the chest while the s legs have completed their drawing movement and are now ready to spread apart and “squeeze” the water. Last step is glide in position No. 1. The legs have been separated and extended with the bot- 1 tom leg forward and the top leg backward. The top arm has started to push water and the under arm begins to re- cover. Next comes glide, as in position No. 1. Page 13 ssesene Oeeeenen Ns ihe ARRAN IT i a pee ‘7 is, & Ey : bs Mock ship’s sides and cargo nets are used for abandon-ship and landing-operation drill at recruit training stations. Some other photographs of this drill appear on these pages. Proper methods of climbing up and down cargo nets are taught (a) with and without clothing; (b) wearing clothing and life jacket or life belt; (c) fully clad with rifle and pack. Feet fore- most jumps from ship’s side mock-ups are taught (a) with and without clothing; (b) wearing various types of life jackets and life belts (photograph on page 12); (c) holding helmets; and (d) holding life jackets. Page 14 How to improvise temporary buoys from clothing is on physical training curriculum. Shirts may be inflated but trousers (as in photograph) of duck or khaki make better buoys than shirts. After single knot is tied in each leg and lower two or three buttons of fly are secured, trousers are flipped through air to trap air pockets in each leg. Mattress covers, sea bags, laundry bags, pillow cases, and sugar or flour sacks may also be inflated by capping openings on surface. Navy swimmers also learn how to fight seaweed and cramps, how to board a raft, and how to undress in deep water. Page 15 ist sneevsenaer esr Stan ea RSSOOREDSEL SSCS Basketball is played 10 games at a time. This photograph is indoors, but Navy has built many outdoor courts over U. S. Oe Baseball is great for speed, quick action, agility. Also popu- lar is softball, which takes less space, equipment and skill. FOOTBALL, BASKETBALL, BASEBALL TEACH TEAMWORK TO NAVY MEN ‘Keep ’em playing—to get ’em tough—to help ’em win.” This is the basis for vigorous competitive athletic sports used in the Navy physical fitness program. There is emphasis on Football is outstanding body-contact game of Navy program. those sports and games which lend themselves to mass par- ticipation and they are given a most prominent place in the program. It is obvious, however, that some excellent com- petitive sports cannot be used extensively because of limi- tations in space, time, and equipment. In planning the program, one of the first considerations is that of keeping everybody busy. A game in which one or two dozen men are taking part is of value to them, but if the rest of the mem- bers of the platoon or company are sitting on the sidelines, the greatest value to the greatest number is not realized. Teamwork is a valuable outcome of participation in com- petitive athletic sports. Men learn what it means for each to do his part. Where the games are vigorous and of the body-contact type there is a decided physical conditioning value which makes the use of competitive sports essential. Athletics are an American tradition and heritage. They are body-building; they provide for group action and unity; and they give the chance for spirited competition with the daring, resourcefulness, and courage that are needed to win. That’s why competitive sports which are vigorous and of the body-contact type are given so much prominence in naval training. Experience has shown that there is a definite carryover from participation in athletic sports to necessary naval teamwork. Men learn how to work together and, if necessary, to subjugate themselves for the good of the group. That’s the way wars are won. Page 16 On this page, two group games: Pushball is played by teams of 10 to 50 on football field. Object—to push, roll, pass, or carry 6-foot ball over goal line. At start of game both teams rush for ball in midfield. In tug-of-war, rope 150 feet long and 11% inches thick is standard. Object is to pull center of rope and/or opponents over a line five yards from where opponents started. There are 18 other group games described in Navy’s Physical Fitness Manual. STANDARD PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST MEASURES A MAN’S PROGRESS The Navy Standard Physical Fitness Test consists of five events designed to test strength, endurance, stamina, and some degree of agility. More specifically, this fivefold test is given for the following purposes: (a) To determine the physical fitness of the men when they arrive for training; (b) to provide information that will help in adapting the physical fitness program to the men’s needs; (c) to motivate the men toward a higher level of physical fitness; (d) to measure the progress of the men after being in service a specific length of time; (e) to provide a means of measur- ing the physical fitness of Navy personnel in one activity in comparison with the personnel of other activities; and (f) to determine whether or not the physical fitness pro- gram is accomplishing its desired results. Recently there has been a compilation of the average physical fitness test scores of men when they begin their training and also when it is concluded. These have been tabulated in three classifications: (1) Recruit Training Sta- tions; (2) Service Schools; and (3) V-12 Units. At Recruit Training Stations the test results from 162,500 men show a first test average score of 37 and an average score of 46 when the second test was given. This was an increase of 24 per- cent. In Service Schools 242,000 men tested had an average score of 43 on the first test and 49 on the second, for an increase of 14 percent. In V-12 Units 65,000 men had 45 for a first test average and 59 for the average second test score. The increase here was 31 percent. (For a score of 100, a man must do 48 squat-thrusts a minute; 205 sit-ups altogether; 89 push-ups; 127 squat-jumps, and 37 pull-ups.) For pull-ups 7 feet 9 inches is preferred height of bar. For- ward grip, as illustrated, is recommended. Performer con- tinues the exercise as many times as possible. Page 18 Squat-jumps test strength and endurance of muscles of legs. Action must be continuous throughout. (The five events on this page are spaced five minutes apart and are preceded by up to two minutes of calisthenics.) Squat-thrusts test speed, power, agility, and endurance. Per- former continues as rapidly as possible for one minute. Sit-ups measure strength and endurance of abdominal mus- cles. The movement must be continuous either when touch- ing deck with back or when leaning forward. Usual cadence is about one sit-up every two seconds. Push-ups test strength and endurance of the “pushing mus- cles’ of arms and shoulder girdle. Performer repeats move- ment as many times as possible. APPARATUS WORK IS GON- VENIENT FOR SMALL GROUPS Limited use is made of apparatus and equipment exercises in the Navy phys- ical fitness program. They do, how- ever, have special body-building values. Weight lifting, rope skipping (left) and rope climbing (right) all are on Navy program. Among the more commonly used ap- paratus exercises are those performed on horizontal, parallel, and stall bars; vertical, diagonal, and horizontal lad- ders; the buck, side, and long horse; and traveling rings. Rope and pole climbing are given a great deal of em- phasis because of the simulation to actual conditions at sea. Rope skipping is a top exercise for the development of leg muscles and wind. Inflated (fast) and training-bag punching drills de- velop men’s arms and legs. Muscular strength can be developed very rapidly through progressive weight lifting. The usual equipment is an ad- justable bar bell, or several bar bells, graded in weight. OBTAINABLE ON REQUEST _ Officers may obtain the follow- ing physical fitness information by request to the source indicated: +> Physical Fitness Manual for the U.S. Navy, NavPers15,007, from the Training Division, Physical Fitness Section, BuPers. +> Catalogue of Sports—Games— Music Equipment, from Plan- ning and Control Division, Ma- terial Requirements Section, Bu- Pers. -> Motion pictures listed in Physi- cal Fitness Manual, from com- mandant each naval district or Training Division, Training Aids Section. * U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1944 ke COLT ACTIUTINS. Conabat uctivities aid in making the individual.skiliful. They develop a readiness to fight at short range. They will strengthen the weak and develop courage and determination. The following may be used as individual contest; but it is better to run them in minature tournament form or as group contests. A little thought on the part of the instructor can make such contests very helpful. In the tournament idea pair off your men rapidly, attempting to get equal sizes for the start. However do not sacrifice time to satisify this element. After one contest which may be » two out of three "falls" or but a single “fall". Arrange the winners of the first bouts of the main tournament in pairs and compete again. Have losers start an- other tournament which is the consolation. Continue this process forming as many tournaments as desired. Always have the winner stay in place and the loser moving down. After complete elimination in the main tournament and consolation, have the winners of the main and consolation tournament compete for championship. All matches start on signal by instructor. — 1, AMERICAN WRESTLE: (Staley's "Games, Contests and Relays") "place tow contestants so they stand facing each other with chests touching, Have each plece his left arm over the opponent's shoulder, his right arm about the opponent's waist and clesp his two hands behind the opponent's back. At signel, each contestant attempts to get in back of his opponents with his arms encircling the opponent's waist. After the signal has been given the original == hold may be broken. Either contestant, securing his opponent sbout the weist from behind, whother standing, sitting, lying, or kneeline, wins the bout.’ °, BACK TO BACK LIFT: (Staley's "Games, Contests and Relays") "“Pinee two contestants standing back to back with elbows linkes. At signal, each, by pulling and bending forward, attempts to lift the other off the floor. Fither contestent lifted off the fhoor loses the bout." 3. BACK TO BACK PUSH: (Staley's "Games, Contests ond Relays") "Diese two contestants standing back to back with clbows locked. Establish a lino ten fect in front of cach contestent. At signal each, by pushing backward, attempts to push tho other over his (the opponent's) base linos The contestants are not wllowed to lift and carry their opponents--pushing only is pernitted. Fither contestant pushed over his own base line loscs the bouté" 4, DREKE FIGHT: (Staloy's "Games, Contests, and Relays") "Plece two contestants facing each other at 4 distance of four feet. Heve ouch contestent loan forward and grasp his ankles with both hands. At signal, each moves forward and by butting, shouldcring and sidestepping attempts to compell the other to fall over or release his hands. Either contestant falling over or releasing cither hand loscs the bout. Three bouts constitute a match; the con-~ tostant successful in two wins." : 5, GRECIAN WRESTLE: (Staley's "Games, Contests and Relays") "two toams of two players each teke part in this contest. Place the two teams facing each other. Have one player of each team sit on the shoulders of the other player with his legs wound cround the supporting player's buck. At signal, the two “horses move forward so the “riders” can reech each other. Each "rider" attempts to overthrow his opponent. page two Combats. 5. Grecian Wrestle contd. The "Horses" are not allowed to help the "Riders" in eny way not to interfer with each other; their sole duty is to hold the "Riders". The "Riders" are allowed to use any fair wrestling tactics; they are not allowed to touch cach other's "norse." Either "Rider" forced to touch the floor in anyway (either forced down himsolf or overthrown with his "Horse") loses the bout. If the two "Ridors" eo down together, the one touching the floor first loses." 6. HAND PUSH: (Staley's "G_mes, Contests and Relays") "Pisce two contestants so they stend toe-to-toe, fecing each other with fect spreed twenty inches. Have cach raise both hands and place them against the palms of the opponent on «a lovel with the shoulders. At signal cach contestant pushes against tho hands of his opponent, attempting to make his step beck. Either contestant stepping beck loses the bout.” . 7, HAND WRESTIR (Staloy's "Games, Contost and Relays") "Place two contestants so they stand with feot firmly spread in the stride position; each contestant with his right foot forwerd, touching the outside of his opponent's foot, Have the contestants gras». right hands. At signal, cach att@mpts by pulling, pushing, turning and twisting of hands, to overbalance his opponent or compel hin to move either foot from its original position. The Lert hand must not bo used against the opponent. Either contestant forced to touch the ground with cny part of his body other than his feet, or foreed to move o2th., foot loses the bout. If the contestants break their grasp they rejoin hands at once," . 8, TNMDIAN uRSstLas (Staley's “Gcnocs, Contests end Releys") trluce two contestants side by side, lying on their backs, with heads in opposite directions; each contestant's head resting at au »oint just opposite his opponent's buttocks. Have each contestant place his indice arm straight down by his aide with his hand on his opponent's shoulder. lave tie contestants place their outside hands on their hips. At signal, each contestant lifts his inside leg (knee stiff) to a point just beyond the vertical, hooks ankles Wits Wi 6 ok. opponent and attempts to roll his opponent over backward. Either contestant roll- ed backward loses the bout." 9, LAME DUCK FIGHT: (Staley's "Games, Contests and Relays") "'Diece two contestants so they stand fscing each other at a distance of five feet. Have each stand on the right foot wud hold the left foot in front with both hands. At signal, each sontestant attempts through bucking, sidestepping, feinting, and so on to overthrow his opponent or make him release his grasp on the uplifted foot. Hither contestant falling to the floor or releasing either or both hands from the uplifted foot loses the bout," 10, KNEE WRESTLING: (Rodg.rs "s. ab ndboo:: of Stunts") "Place two contestants facing each other, kncel close, arms folded behind the back. At the signal "gol cach attempts to tumble the other over. They may ~.ove around on the knees, using the shoulder and upper arm, in their endeavors to topple each other ovor. The one succeeding within two minutes wins. Should the contest go the full round, it ié declared a drewe VARIATION that can be used =~ Still on thcir knees, as above, except that they join hands, ecch attempting to overturn the othor. The one so doing and retaining his own balance wins. wage Three ll, *RIST uRAIvLE: (Rodgers Tancbook of Stunts") "Contestants (tivo) sttnd facing enen other, ozs extezded overhead. They inter- lace their fingers. At signal "go" each bends opponent's wrists backward, try- ing to force the other to his kmees, At the start, the hands are brought down in front of the bodies, cach exerting pressure on the other's fingers, The wrists may be bent backward but must not be turned sideward. No part of the body, other thon the hands, may be in cortact." 12, CRAB FIGHT: (Mason and Mitchell "Active Games end Contests") "the two contestants sit on the floor facing opposite directions and place thoir hands on the floor behind them. At the signal they raise their buttocks from the floor and cach bucks the other with his shoulders, attempting to cause him to drop his buttocks to the floor. Tho one whose buttocks frrst touch the floor losese 13. CATCH-ANB-PULL TUG-OF-WAR: (Mason und Mitchell ‘Active @ames and Contcs ts" } Draw a line across the floor. The two contestants stand one on cach side cf line. At the signal they reach over ond attempt to grasp the other on any part of the body end pull him over the linc. The one loses who is pulled completoly across the line first. 14, CHINESE TUG: (Mason and Mitchell \"Active Gamos und Contests") Draw a line on the floor and place the two coutestants one on each side of i*, back to buck. Hach bonds down and thrusts his right hand back between his bees end grasps the other's right hand. At the signal they ettompt to pull each Chat ‘over the line. Lo 15. DRAGON'S HOUTH: (Meson and Mitchell "Active Games end Contests") Draw @ five-foot circle on the floor known «s the "dragon's mouth," The two contestants stand three foet to one side of it. The object is to put the othor into the "dragon's mouth." Ang tactics may be uscd, berriug umnecessary rough- ness. One docs well to push and throw the cther, however, rather then pull hin, since a player is captured by the dragon when cny part of l.is body crosses the line of the dragon's mouth. 16, ARM-LOCK WRESTLE: (Mason and Mitchell "Active Games and Contests") Since this 4s strongth test, the two opponents should be of approximately the same size end strength. They sit on the floor, beck to back, spread their legs widely, and lock arms at the olbows, The ides is to lean to the left, on- dezvoring to pull the other over so that his right arm or hand will touch tho floor. The ono eccomplishing this first wins. 17. NECK FULL: (Mason and Mitchell “Active Games and Contests") The two contestants stand facing each other, bend well forward with heads up, and clasp each other around the neck with both hands. At the signal they pull, attempting to pull the other a distance of five feet back. 18. SQUARE HOLD: (Mason end Mitchell "Active Games and Contests") In the Square Hold each contestant grasps his opponent's arms, one noar the shoulder and the other near the elbow, and the two wrestle facing each other. The contestant wins who makes the other lose his feet or lose his hold. 19, CUMBERLAND WRESTLING: (Mason and Mitchell "Active Games and Contests") Rach contestant puts the right arm over the opponent's left shoulder and grasps hands behind his back. The object is to lift the opponent clear of the ground, pege four 20, COLLAR-AND-ELBOW WRESTLING: (Mason and Mitchell "Active Games and Contests") The objent is to meke the opponent touch the gpo.4d with any part of the body other than the feet. The left hand is placed back of the opponen’'s neck and the right hand grasps the opponent's left elbow. The opponent takes the same hold. The feet may be used to trip up the opponent and make him lose his balances 21. RING WRESTIE: (Mason end Mitchell "Active Games and Contests") Draw a ten-foot circle on the floor. Two contestants, «tanding in the circle, attempt to throw each other out. Any tactics are fair except striking blows and unnecessary roughness, When any part of the body crosses the line, the player ié out. 22. WMA.STER-OF-THE-RING: (Mason and Mitchell “Active Games and Contests") This is a mass form of Ring Wrestle. Establish a circle fifteen feet in cta- metor, In the gymnasium the circle around the free-throw line may be used. Twelve or fifteen players stand in the circle. At the signal they all ettemp™: to throw each other out. All tactics are fair except umnecessary roughness. ‘When anv part‘of the body touches the floor across the line the ployer is out and’ leaves the cirele at onec. The player who ceneins in the cirelo when all others are out is the Master of the Ring. ‘ve or three officials schttered around the circle cre needed to spat those who cross the line, Laie te the xe Serves fenbatea aloud seaiae Ie Ide ae Le Vs Ae Be As Ba Chinning or Rope Climb Push-ups (parallel bars) oxy Floor Dips Coo:‘diuetion Pun bre R io Standing Broad Jump or Three Standing Broad Jumps Lburpee Tact Ne Sen: Cholce js allowed cf certain activities due to variation in facil- ities ac difivrent stations, There is no reason why all events may not be corducte.. if time an? fucilities permit. Ac Be ULES FOR CONDUCTING nVaiT3 Cninatng. Tquipmenm:. (a: se cnseineh pipe or solid ba. (b> Bar eight feet frut yomid, (0) Suegested width of ber, Ztail ~ 4%, Methoi- (a3 Orechaad grasp aust bo used. (Baek of hands toward fuce, (9) Start trom full exym extension, (c) Pull up until chin is ever with ov above tac bag. (4) Return to Full arm extension. (a) Allow neo swig. Bacis fo: ¢ <7 mz, Total number of complete movements, Rope %ii:nh, Beni vaesa. “op Ome stil onéwhalf inch rope, at least fifteen feet in lerztl., <(b) Rope hing wth knot én lower end 18 inches from ground, (¢) Warkings of paint or adhesive plaster at one foot ATO — S on rope. Netho., (a) Start climb frow sitting position, legs parallel to the ground. Hand grip on rope bekow line of chin. (%) Start climo on signal, feet net touching ground. (c) Legs may be used in climb. (d) Time interval - ten seconds. Basis for scoring. Greatest height as measured by position of lower hand « & ow bir * see .'e@ IIs As Push-ups (parallel bars) Equipment. Parallel bars or similar suitable equipment. Methods (a) Start from a straight arm positions (b) Lower body to full arm bend. (c¢) Push up to straight arm position. Basis for scoring. Number of complete movements. Floor Dips. Equipment. None. Methods (a) Start - full arm extension, legs extended, body straight. (bo) Bend arms, touching only chin to ground, body straight, (c) Straighten arms, keeping body straight. Basis for scoring. Total number of complete movements. III, Coordination Rum, Equipment. (for each dontestant). (a) Ten 1 ins x 10 ine x 12 ins boards or two 5 ft. x 10 in. boards, If the 5 ft. boards are used, each shotild be marked off in rR in. sections. (b) Ten 2 in, x 2 ins wooden plocks. The 10 in. x 12 in. boards are placed end to end+-five at the right and five at the left of the center mark. The distance from near- est edge of cach inside board to center mark is 12-1/2 fts (see diagram), Time «+ 15 seconds. some Ade La tis lel 7l9l ait 12-1/2'--? IVe Method. (a) Start at center mark with orie block in hand, Remaining blocks are placed on center mrk, (b) At starting signal, run cither to right or left (at own choice), place tho block on one of the inside boards. (c) Return to the center mark, secure another block and place it upon the opposite inside béards (da) Continue this process, placing blocks alternatoly on boards, on opposite side of center mark until timo is ealled. Hach block mus t be placed in progressive order, starting with the inside board (or section . and continuing outward, If the runner has a block in his hend wheh timo is dalled, he shall be allowed to count it. Example (see diagran)--Runnor starts at conter mark, runs to rt.,places a block on #1 board (or section) » returns. to eonterssecures another block; places it on (72 boi ‘a (or soetion). Next block is placed upon ##3 board (or section), ete Basis of scoring.e lumber of ‘plogks placed upon boards. Awe Standing Broad Jump. Equipment. ‘Takeoff line and mesisuring lincss First line 4'8" from take-off line. Markers containing distances in feet and inches may be placed at one side of the pit. Markers containing number of points at cich interval may be placed at opposite side of pit. Use a straight stick to place across pit to determine measurement of each jump, og, in (a) diagram, place stick across at 618" ond 50«point mark if in front of 68" mark and behind 6'11" mark, record jump 6'8", Marks should be made at 3"-intervals up to and including 9°2", Six-inch intervals may be used (sec diagram). Method, (a) Start with toes behind take-off line. (b) Jump must be con- tinuous after fect first leave ground. (c) Measure from mark = De farthest back toward take-off line. (Any part of body touching ground). (d) Point of measurement is tho line immediately behind area which ineludes back marks Basis for scoring. Greatest distance attained in either of two trials. STANDING BROAD JUMP Position of feet at take-off me 7S th oF Oo a cy oO & on nn wn Cm 2 @ ~@ © ~— = = = —o — - —<. = - = <— = ae oe ~~ ty - on ~ nm co @ wo ce nw on oO er Fe . fo % 3 ~ et - ££ a eS a = = = “4 \b ed Ws 7s © BLP a 4 am 1 OC ‘ &\ hig | Aaah Me) 2 Guy is S te he ) by VV fb am A tn” Ae | | | | | | ye, nO 5 ww SP Oo aw an s @ oo wo wee > ] ‘ Oo fh oar of Oo of Oo tO oO ao 8 GQ & 2 (a) Credit for 6'8" jump--50 points, (b) Credit for 7'5" juap--65 points. Be. Three Broad Jumps (Standing Start). Equipment. Take-off line and measuring lines, First line - 15 ft. from take-off line and others at one-foot intervals up to and in- cluding 23'6" and then 6"~intervals up to and including 26'6". Point of measurement is the line immediately behind area which in- eludes back mark. | Method. (a) Start-stending position. (b) Jump. must be continuous after first jump is started. (c) Feet must be kept parallel and contact the ground simultaneously. Point of moasurement is the line imaediatcly behind area which contains back mark. Basis for scoring. Greatest distance attained in either of two trials, THREE BROAD JUMPS (STANDING START) Position of feet at tako-off uae uwy vynynnvnnny jet we tH me 6M mh ca fs on oO a CO Oo 2 Bo na & oe ee = ~- - ond ~~ - ~< “ - ~9 a a oO Oo i 442 - = be ‘ 5 ad , e - } > iw << ; : e nem, : td ie pe . : i ail 8 : ' " i] eit ft (eR taal td (Ag. 6 Sa ms: a ere ¢ a i Mm 2 Th wz | ( pe . Fy ca i & ae 44 wk ead : ee OC, , oe t m | { 1 4 | yy------ > ; j f ‘ oo ca cn ys ht 2 Deas 4 CO mrt -~&S8&&& ee & aE ROAS RBS t oF t V. Burpee Test (modified). Equipment. None. Method. (a) Start--standing position, arms et sides. (b) at starting signal drop to full squat position, w eight on hands. (c) Extend both fect backwerd to full extension, hips below the line from shoulders to heels. (d) Return to squat position. (¢) Return to starting position. (f) Repeat as many times as possible in 20 seconds. Explain fully; con- duct in groups of 15 or 20, each man keeping own scores Instructor keeps time for entire group. Basis for scoring. The number of complete half movements in prescribed time, e.g., mon may complete 8.50 movements, etc. If he reaches "front-leaning rest" position, it counts 50. He must reach standing position to complete the movement and secure ¢redit for same (see diagram) « DIAGRAM = BURPEE TEST POSITION I POSITION 2 POSITION $3 POSITION 4 POSITION 5 e T 1 . 2 45 i ee \ YO one <_< — by -\ an fa Pa - ~ I HALF MOVEMENT | . COMPLETE MOV © ‘ENT - le Scores *Based on ijiC0 scores frun Jeott Fieleé, : as ru. at Jorforson Barracks. from Scott and Keesler Fields. Jefferson Barracks and Scott Field. a: * ke OU eT ACHIEVE: e a tO ou Ty 19) ft S7¢e oa 2 t 3c] * oa Ai: ~90n. ¢ é it f + tn Orn. £; ad ae ~” —~ Oe ~~ & —w ei” fH «lee | Ol Fae sei fet 12h | Cath “ 5 dg wr fens eA G&D . By ey © io @ ® — ct o a ° g Qs fo ® © ® @ @ e p- fw. tat et Oo ES tae : 3 n @ a oa — 1° 5a ba 1G e & da @ pe eg be 3 seg $e fe an . cr sa td ne a & ” a 3 & S ~ ag = 5 fate oy 5 — cf nO ck nan @ 8 by 98 es on oO ~~ oOo tt e ww 8 “a n 02 en bg ee 8 : 2 Q 200 | 18 15! 9 42 10 . g1o%t 26 16" 12.00] 14.50 |} 100 $s 40 gtyy" 11.501 14, 95 90 12 141 8 38¢ 9 grgt 26! ll. 13.50 90 85 36 gts! | 25 te" 10.50 | 13.00 85 80 10 12? 7 34, gto 25! Ga 12650 80 75 32 g 7311" 24 16" 9.50} 12. 75 70 8 ai 6 30 7 1g! 241 9,00 | 11.50 70 68 28 715" 2316" 8,50 }1l. 65 60 6. | 40) 5 26 7 719M 231 8. 10.50 60 55 24 6 tit 221 7.50 110. 55 50 5 Si a 22 6 6 ret 219 - 9.50 50 45 | 20 615" 201 6.50 | 9. 45 AC 4 3 8 18 5 gro" 19! be 8.50 40 35 8. 7S” 511" 18! 5.50 | 8. 35 30 3 7? a i i 4 516" 17! 5.00 | 7.50 30 25 as Bt . ie? 4.50 | 7.00 25 Wye 5a et ee ED 512" 15! 4,00 | 6.50 | 20 15 y e 4 ti" 14! $.50 I 6. 15 a Pree, Seni aenanen en cent etee as ee an ‘ ‘ 10 Tes 16 2 41g" 13! i. 5 450 10 om) ae ee ee sepeminiametemeneameentitcad ee? ' oe ao me elie somone 5 A 5.00 5 Portes technical Training Command v 1 WANT SCALES PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE TESTS u5essancs weacing Gele shoes and fatigue clothes. wien. SOF. IONE = - Rs eee merernn siece-etiesiwiy a aaa —F UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Wartime Physical Conditioning Program FOR MEN AND WOMEN “Next to active military service itself, there is no higher oppor- tunity for serving our country than helping youth to carry on in their efforts to mold themselves physically strong... .. @ FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT Fall Semester 1942-1943 THE REQUIREMENT During the present war emergency ali men students at the University of Kansas who at the beginning of any semester are registered for Selective Service or are members of the various enlisted reserve services of the armed forces of the United States will be required to enroll in the Uni- versity’s physical conditioning program, offered by the Department of Physi- cal Education. The program is optional for other men students. Women students enrolling for the first time at the University of Kansas will be required to enroll in two semesters of physical conditioning. The program is optional for all other University women. CREDIT Credit for physical conditioning will be given to students under the old regulations of the various schools. For instance, the College will continue to give a total of four semester hours, etc. In University divisions where credit is given for physical education one semester hour of credit will be given to those students who have completed satisfactorily a course which meets three hours each week throughout the semester. ENROLLMENT A student enrolling in physical conditioning for the first time will enroll in Physical Education 1; a student een for the second time will enroll in Physical Education 2, etc. All students will arrange their program ‘under the guidance of the Physi- cal Education staff. MEN’S PHYSICAL CONDITIONING PROGRAM All men will enroll in one of the sections of the conditioning course. During the first several weeks tests in swimming abilities will be conducted and anyone failing to pass the tests will transfer his enrollment to one section of the swimming classes. CONDITIONING CLASSES Section Time Days Room A 8:30 MWF 200 R B 9:30 MWFE 200 R Cc 10:30 MWF 101 R D 11:30 MWF 101 R E 2:30 MWF 101 R F 3:30 MWF 200 R G* 4:30 MWF 200 R H 8:30 TTS 200 R I 9:30 Tas 101 R J 10:30 TTS 101 R K 11:30 res 200 R * Men interested in track and field as a conditioning activity will enroll in Section G, 4:30 MWF. SWIMMING CLASSES Section Time Daus Room A 8:30 MWF Pool B 9:30 MWF Pool Cc 10:30 MWF Pool D 3:30 MWF Pool E 4:30 MWF Pool F 8:30 TTS Pool G 9:30 Ts Pool H 10:30 TTS Pool WOMEN’S PHYSICAL CONDITIONING PROGRAM Activity classes meet MW or TT, and will be preceded by ten minutes of conditioning work. All women students will also enroll on Friday for one hour of conditioning and corrective work; this class hour may vary from the class activity hour: Friday—8:30, 9:30, 10:30, 11:30, 2:30, 3:30, 4:30. FIRST HALF SEMESTER Section Time Days Room A. Elem. Tennis 3:30 MW 102 R B. Elem. Tennis 11:30 ae 102 R Adv. Tennis 2:30 nee 102 R A. Elem. Swim. 11:30 ie Pool B. Elem. Swim. 2:30 MW Pool Int. Swimming 11:30 MW Pool Elem. Hockey 4:30 MW 102 R Adv. Hockey 4:30 TT 102 R El. Mod. Dance 2:30 MW 102 R Elem. Golf 30 MW 101 R Adv. Golf 11:30 alee 101 R Elem. Fencing 4:30 ak 101 R El. Social Dance 3:30 MW 102 R Adv. Social Dance 3:30 AE 102 R A. Elem. Badminton 10:30 MW 102 R B. Elem. Badminton 10:30 Hub 102 RR. - A. Elem. Archery 11:30 MW 102 R B. Elem. Archery 4:30 Ter 102 R C. Elem. Archery 11:30 Tae (102 R A. El. Equitation 2:30 MW 202 R B. El. Equitation 3:30 MW 202 R C. El. Equitation 2:30 TL 202 R D. El. Equitation aro0 Ty 202 R E. El. Equitation 4:30 OE 202 R Adv. Equitation 4:30 MW 202 R Corrective Gymnastics 9:30 MW . 1020 SECOND HALF SEMESTER (Beginning Nov. 16) Section Time Days Room A. Int. Swimming 11:30 eek Pool B. Int. Swimming 2:30 MW Pool Adv. Swimming 11:30 MW Pool Elem. Tumbling 11:30 MW 102 R A. Rec. Sports 10:30 Tr 102 R B. Rec. Sports 4:30 Th 102 R Adv. Mod. Dance 2:30 MW 102 R El. Folk Dance 11:30 ET 102 R Square Dance 3:30 ce 102 R Adv. Social Dance B00 MW 102 R Adv. Fencing 4:30 La 101 R Elem. Badminton 2:30 ae : 102 R A. Adv. Badminton 10:30 MW 102 R B. Adv. Badminton 10:30 ee 102 R A. Adv. Archery 11:30 MW 102 R B. Adv. Archery — 4:30 el 102 R Corrective Gymnastics 9:30 MW 102 R C. Adv. Archery 11:30 oT 102 R A. Int. Equit. 3:30 MW 202 R B. Int. Equit. 2:30 MW 202 R C. Int. Equit. 3:30 dik 202 R D. Int. Equit. 2:30 Tr 202 R E. Int. Equit. 4:30 TT 202 R Elem. Equit. 4:30 MW 202 R COMMITTEE ON PHYSICAL CONDITIONING PROGRAM The Senate of the University has appointed a special committee to admin- ister the physical conditioning program, including granting of petitions for exemption for reasons of physical disability. RULES and Regulations Department of Physical Education for Women University of Kansas Students will be held accountable for this information. REGULATIONS GOVERNING The Department of Physical Education WOMEN Physical Education Requirements : 1. The physical education program is divided into an outdoor and indoor activity program for each semester. A student electing phys- ical education must enroll in an outdoor activity and an indoor activity at the beginning of each semester. Changes at mid-term may be made with special permission. 2. Any student electingy physical education is required to enroll three times each week, M. W. F. or T. T. F. Physical Examinations No student may enroll in a physical education class until she has had a physical examination. The examination is given by the Uni- versity Hospital staff. Health Grade “A”—Elect any activity. Health Grade “B’”—Restricted according to doctor’s advice. Health Grade “C’—Individual Gymnastics. Health Grade “D’—Recommend no physical education. Gymnasium Clothes Sports 1. Shorts 2 Shirt. 3. Short hose. 4. Shoes—rubber or elk soles. Dancing Modern— 1. Black long-sleeved leotard. Tap— 1. Tap costume or shorts. 2. Tap shoes. Swimmers 1. One-piece cotton tank suit. 2. Swimming cap—preferably without chin strap. Excuses Regular excuse: The student reports for class during her menstrual period and answers roll by “Rest.” Two class periods are allowed. Special permission must be secured from the instructor for a longer length of time. Special excuses: Excuses are given to students when necessary on account of injuries or illness. These excuses are obtained from the University Hospital physicians. Students calling for these excuses must have received treatment from the hospital or show signs of ill- ness when applying for them. These excuses should be checked with the instructor before returning to class. Absences Any student who has 5 unexcused absences will be dropped from the class. A drop from the class is equivalent to an “F.” Excused absences will not affect the final grade. The student must be able to pass the course at the end of the term. Equipment 1. Receipts for the payment of Physical Education fees must be presented to the matron of the locker room in the basement. Towel tickets and locker assignments are made there. The fee is $2.25 with a $1.00 deposit. 2. Towels are issued on presentation of the towel card. The card is filed with the matron until the towel is returned. Lost towels and equipment are charged against the student. 3. Your gymnasium equipment should be kept in your basket. The lockers are only for storage of your street clothes during your physical education period. Use your padlock from your basket to padlock your locker. The department is not responsible for lost articles. Use the dressing rooms for dressing, but not for storing of clothes. Return your basket to its place after your activity period. 4. Equipment such as basketballs, deck tennis rings, volley balls, horseshoes, etc., may be checked out from the equipment room. Such equipment is charged to you and must be returned personally. When returning equipment do not fail to get your “check-out” slip. 5. Tennis rackets must be furnished by students electing tennis. The rackets may be left with the matron in the equipment room. The department is not responsible for them. The name and number must be placed on the racket. ’ Women’s Athletic Association The Women’s Athletic Association offers opportunities for the competition of teams in extra-curricular activities. Intramural ac- tivities offer opportunities for competition also.“ Teams are chosen in hockey, soccer, basketball, track, swimming, baseball, volley ball and tennis. Individual sports include deck tennis, horseshoes, ping pong and handball. Points are awarded for making the teams and indi- vidual sports. 125 points are necessary for membership. 600 points award—Athletic K. U. emblem. 1,350 points award—K. U. blazer. 2,000 points award—K. U. loving cup. Other Organizations Quack Club—Swimming Club. Tau Sigma—Dancing Club. Rifle Club. Major in Physical Education The Department of Physical Education offers a four-year cur- riculum for both men and women students desiring to specialize in Physical Education, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education. Students desiring to become teachers of Physical Education or coaches of athletics with a major in physical education must register and enroll in the School of Education. Majors im physical education must present an academic minor of at least 20 hours in some teaching subject. PRINTED BY KANSAS STATE PRINTING PLANT W. C. AUSTIN, STATE PRINTER , TOPEKA 1938 47-4571 6-38—1134 RULES and REGULATIONS »- Department of Physical Education for MEN University of Kansas Students will be held accountable for this information General Physical Activity Credit Any student electing Physical Education is re- quired to enroll for classes which meet three times each week, M. W.F. or T.T.F. Students of the School of Education and the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences are permitted to present four semester hours of credit in Physical Education for graduation. Students in the School of Engineering and Architecture are required to attend classes in Physical Education three times each week during the freshman year, or enroll in R.O.T.C. Students in the School of Fine Arts are required to attend Physical Education classes twice each week during the freshman year. Enrollment Semesters are divided into two parts, making it necessary for each student to select from the regular schedule and enroll in two physical educa- tion classes each for a half semester. Freshmen in the School of Engineering and Architecture will enroll for physical education classes in Marvin Hall. Other students will enroll on the main floor, Robinson Gymnasium, during the regular enrollment period. College freshmen and sopho- more enrollment cards should show a first and second half semester Physical Education class. Substituting a sport for Physical Education class is not permitted except as specified below. Men wishing to participate in varsity or freshman ath- letics must enroll in courses 18 or 38, in which credit may be secured in accordance with the following: Attendance is required in accordance with the desire of the coach of the sport concerned, usually not less than five periods per week. Irregular attendance will not be tolerated. At the close of 4 the season for the sport selected, the student must report immediately for another varsity or freshman sport, or select another Physical Education class to receive credit, it being understood that each var- sity athlete be required to offer at least one team and one individual sport in each semester. This | must be shown on his enrollment card. Absences Absences from Physical Education classes will be excused only for physical disability; in such event the student must secure an excuse from the Student Hospital, and present it to the instructor in charge of his Physical Education class. Satis- factory grades in Physical Education will not be given students who acquire unexcused absences totaling more than ten percent of the total num- ber of periods for which the class meets. Physical Examinations Complete physical examinations are given each entering student by the University Student Health Service. The Department of Physical Education reserves the right to restrict the enrollment of students in activities for which their physical- examination record shows they are not fitted. Use of Facilities 1. Receipts for the payment of exercise fees must be presented to the custodian of the equip- ment room in the basement of the gymnasium. Towel tickets are issued and basket assignments are made there. The fee for exercise is $2.25, plus $1 deposit, which is refunded at the end of the semester, provided there has been no loss of’ towels charged against the student.. This fee entitles the student to three towel tickets, or the use of a total of 51 towels. 2. Your gymnasium equipment should be placed in the basket assigned and left with the attendant. It may be secured again upon presentation of your towel ticket. Such equipment must be re- . moved at the close of each semester. Clothing not removed will be confiscated. 3. Lockers in the basement are for storage of street clothing during the exercise period only. Provide yourself with a good lock. The Depart- ment of Physical Education is not responsible for lost articles. After the close of the exercise period attach your lock to your basket, return towel and basket to the equipment room and wait for your towel ticket. Towel tickets must not be left in the towel room. 4. Facilities of the gymnasium are open to students and faculty members. Regular classes have preference. 5. No one will be permitted on the gymnasium floor or be allowed to use mats or other equip- ment while wearing street shoes. 6. All gymnasium equipment must be returned to its proper place after being used. 7. The swamming pool may be used for open plunge at times indicated on the door of the pool. The department may change the open hours of the pool at its discretion to take care of certain in- tramural events and for varsity swimming-team practice. The pool is open only when a life guard is on duty. Men are not allowed to wear bathing suits in the pool unless upon the occasion of swimming meets. A soap shower is required be- fore entering the water. Handball courts are to be used for only two games in either singles or doubles when other persons are waiting. Tennis courts at the stadium are for use of students. Only rubber-soled shoes are allowed to be worn on these courts. The varsity courts should never be used by others than members of the varsity tennis squad. Equipment 1. Regulation uniform for exercise classes is white, sleeveless shirt, running trunks, and rubber- soled shoes. Colored uniforms will not be per- mitted. You are expected to keep your equtp- nent clean; unsightly uniforms will not be toler- ated. 2. Equipment such as basketballs, boxing gloves, horseshoes, etc., may be checked out of the equip- ment room in the gymnasium by presenting your towel ticket. Such equipment is charged to you and must be returned personally. Equipment may be kept for one hour, after which time it must be returned by the person to whom it was checked out. A ticket belonging to another individual will be confiscated when presented for equipment. When returning equipment do not fail to get your “check-out” slip. Intramural Athletics Intramural athletics are conducted by the De- partment of Physical Education and are open to regularly enrolled students of the University. The aim of the department is to furnish activities which will enable each student to participate in active recreation at least one hour each day. Men desiring more information regarding intramural athletics may call at room 107, Robinson Gym- nasium. Major in Physical Education The Department of Physical Education offers a four-year curriculum for both men and women students desiring to specialize in Physical Educa- tion, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education. Students desiring to become teachers of Physi- cal Education or coaches of athletics with a major er in Physical Education must register and enroll in the School of Education. Majors in Physical Education must present an academic minor of at least 20 hours in some teaching subject. PRINTED BY KANSAS STATE PRINTING PLANT W. C. AUSTIN, STATE PRINTER TOPEKA 1938 17-4570