KFKU SPORTSCAST ~ Mareh 9, 1944. Basketball at the University of Kansas made its final bow tonight when the Co-Operative Club was host to the Kansas varsity basketball team at the Colonial Tea Room, It has been years since Kensas finished as low in the percentage column as they did this year in the Big Six race, but there were many other factors that are considered outstanding ~ the most unusual of which, I think, is the fact that the entire sixteen men on the Sansas varsity did not use tobacco in or out of season, This is a testimonial to the worthwhileness of athletic training in the schools, Doubtless none of these boys thought of smoking as a morale problem. They considered it from the beginning an efficiency matter, These boys all wanted to be champions, and in their idealistic stage ha realized that they could not dissipate their energies by the use of tobacco and other harmful ingredients that might interfere with their success. Although they did not win a championship, I am very proud of these boys in many, many ways, Most of them are outstanding students, and after this war is over if the boys are returned to college, I predict a very unusual future for many of them. So, after all, athletics in war time are only to fill a need in the lives of these young boys which I am very sure this competition succeeded in doing. The team members had many thrills, They defeated some of their ancient rivals and lost by ‘close scores to others, but the great joy is playing out the game. The great value of education through play was satisfied by their having a chance to win, Grantland Rice, in his poem, "As To Gameness", describes it better, perhaps, than anyone else when he said - quote There's only one reason for games strewn about, Not winning or losigh but playing them out; Wot merely to pick - the cheers that are due, Forgotten tomorrow when others break through; : | a Ze ¢ Still plugging and plodding and groping away, Through fogs and through shadows that hold one ee bay, Well knowing how little it mtters if one Keeps pounding along to the end of the run, This is exactly what athletics are for in the life of formative youth, . And apparently, from my experiences with these boys year after year I believe that the play life through intercollegiate athletios pretty well fills an important place in the student athlete's life. The friendships, the rivalries and the good times experienced on these athletic trips will be played over many, many times when these athletes in mature years sit around their firesides and take an inventory of the geod life that they lived while in college, But we do have basketball activity with our high school here in Lawrences There is a district tournament to be played here in Liberty Memorial High School tomorrow night and Saturday night, March 10 and 11. Pairings have been made in | Topeka and the first game is between Wyandotte and Atchison, starting at 7:15 Friday night. On the same night at 8:45 Lawrence will play Topeka. The officials will be Rollie Clarkson and Joe Michaels, both from Kansas City, On Saturday night the two losing teams will play for third place at 7:15, and the two winners will pley for first and second place at 8:45, Last week we had information from the high school office that the season tickets would sell for 60¢ for adults and 50¢ for students, There is a corrections The admission price will be 60¢ for each night for adults, and 60¢ for students. Last Friday night Lewrence won from Ottawa which makes Lawrence appear a little stronger in the district tournament, So there will be a double header each night « Friday and Saturday, Double header basketball games seem to prove a fine drawing card. We are expecting the Lawrence basketball fans to turn out en masse to Bee this splendid tournament, Rnnigee iid = Bee The Big Six Conference has had quite a bit of diffioulty in selecting their representative for the Nationel Collegiate Athletic Association play-off in Kensas City March 24 and 25, As amomeed last week, Iowa State by having the better offensive-defensive record than Oklahora, was selected to represent the conference. Iowa State declined the invitation because they were losing some of their star Naval trainees, ‘Therefore they desired to close their season, Oklahoma was placed in the same position, so it was necessary for the tournament manager, Reaves Peters, who is the Big Six Gomissioner, to ask the Fifth District Selection Comittee, comprising of Dr. H, H. King, chairman, of Kansas State College, ©, 4, McBride, sports editor of the Kansas City Star, George Bdwards, basketball coach of the University of Missouri, and a representative from the Missouri Valley Conference, to select a representative. The University of ee Missouri was asked because they had a civilien team. Assistant Dean Sam Shirkey, who is faculty representative of Missouri, was out of town and uo decision could be had. Sickie The representatives asked the Big Six Selection Comittee to ask Towa State College to reconsider, which they did, so the Lowa State Cyclones will be the Fifth District representative, Henry Iba's Oklahoma aggies, which would be the Missouri Valley Conference representative, would have been the team to meet in a play-off match with the Big Six representative, but since most of the Missouri Valley teams had disbanded and since Oklahoma Aggies had accepted the Invitation Tournament in New York, no ytaywett Was necessary. The Fifth Distriet has always heretefore had a play-off cneten between the Big Six wimner and the Missouri Valley wimer, Therefore, this year when Iowa State has been selected by the Big Six as their representative they now become the Fifth District representative without a pley-off, ‘The Rocky Mountain District, which is the Seventh, has no representative, so the N.C.A.A. committee has asked the University of Iowa to represent the Rocky Mountain area, Likewise, the Pacific Goast had no representative because the northern and southern section of the Pacific Coast did not meet. Again, the N.C.A.A. committee selected Pepperdine College, a small college that has heretofore been in the Intercollegiate Tournament in Kansas City which is mde up of small colleges not observing the one year residence rule, So only Iowa State and Arkansas will be representatives from their districts, The other schools « the University of Iowa and Pepperdine College « have been filled in to make a tournament possible, The plan of the National Collegiate is to have the four teams west of the Mississippi River play off their tournament in Kensas City March 24 and 25, Then the wimer of the four western districts will meet the winner of the four eastern districts in Madison Square Garden in New York, Then there is an Invitation Tournament im Madison Square Garden promoted by Ned Irish, Oklahoma Aggies, Kentucky, Utah, New York University, St» John's of Brooklyn, ~ seme of the top teams of the country - have been invited to participate in the Invitation Tournament, This formerly was the Invitation Basketall Writers Tournament, It is rather an independent affair, but lists the top teams in the country. The winner of the Invitation Tournament, which is played in Madison Square Garden, will meet the wimer of the National Goll giate in New York City for the benefit of the Red Cross, Last year about $26,000 was turned over to the Red Cross from the Invitation Tournament with Wyoming University, the wimer of the N.C.A.A. tournament, Gatvating St. John's ef Brooklyn, the winner of the Invitation tournament, The difficult time that Commissioner Reaves Peters has tn making up & muk skeletal quartet to fill places of the Pacific Coast and the Rocky Mountain | @onferences is justified if only for the benefit that the Red Cross derives fron the eventual play-off. Pepperdine College from Los Angeles, of course, never has been a part of the WCoAsA. organization, and Iowa University belongs in the Fourth district, the ‘Big Ten areas Iowa is the second best team in the Big Ten, finishing barely below 5 es ealjee Ghio State, the wiuner, However, these games should afford a very interesting tournament in Kausas City. The dates, again, are Mareh 24 and 25, in Mhmicipal Aulitorium, Double headers will be played each night, The tickets can be procured by phoning or writing Clyde Baker, Municipal Auditorium, Kansas City, Missouri, Another interesting feature of the play-off will be the possible meeting of Iowa State College and the thiveretty of Iowa, two formidable opponents in the Hawkeye State, The drawings by Commissioner Peters will be announced in the very near future, Now, back to some news about some of our alumi, Roland "Kickapoo" Logan, right gua#d on the Kansas football teaus in 1927, 1928 and 1929, is now Lieut. Roland Logan, of the Navy, The Kickapoo was given Roland Logan on account of the fact that he e¢ame from Kickapoo, kansas, a small village near Leavemworth. Logan was trainer for the Kansas varsity athletic teaas fer a mmber of years, He then weut to George Washington University, dashington, D. C., as trainer, then te the Besten Red Sox, and then to the University of Pittsburgh. ite finally wound up as trainer of all athletio teams at the United States Military acadeny, West Point, licw Yorke Ue onlisted in the Navy over a year ago and is aow at one of the advance bases in the Pacific in charge of recreation, — months ago he took over as officer in Ceach Jim Crowley's Places Crowley was footvall coach of the Fordham Rams before he assumed the fleet recreation center in the Pacific. Crowley is naw in charge of Admiral Halsey's staff as chief of all recreation in the Southern Pacific. Lieut. Roland Logan has unier his direct supervision forty seres of play activities such as football, basketball, boxing, soccer, swimaing, tennis, handball, horseshoes, softball, badminton, volleyball and golf, lie has just finished laying out © nine-hold golf course. Logan states that he is short of golf equipment but they are hoping to get some very soon. Quoting Logan, he says, “We also have a big stage where I warble and act as master of osremonies oGa in my spare moments. I also have a large refreshment hall and a nice ice crean parler. five thousand men or thereabouts visit this large cmter every day. It is terrific boost to their morale <- fighting men off the ship who come here and play, relax, oat ice cream and rest up. Admiral Winits stated the place is ‘worth five battleships, I am carrying on and enjoying the work immensely, It is seven days 4 week and as much os 16 hows © days The men come as early as 5350 for a prewbreakfast work out, and often come: back at night," Congratulations to Roland Logan and the fine work that he is doings He was always the life of any party. On football trips as a player he always led the singing, and es trainer of the teams he had the boys in high spirits as they gathered around the piene at the hotel or kherever they might be, In my Jayhawk Rebounds letter to our service boys, as of February 16, wo published a letter from Captain Fen Durand of the Marines, one of our old varsity basketball and track stars. He states, “I was roughly indoctrinated into action on November 20th when I landed in the assault wave against the Japs at Tarawa. After having my landing craft shot out from under me when 100 yards from the beach , I spent nearly wo hours swimming in the water before reaching shore. These Japs are worthy opponents and we Marines don't underestimate them, I was lucky to survive Since about half of those in my eraft were killed and several others wounded, At , present wo are in 0 rest camp, so called, where we are again undertaking strenuous training in preparation for the mext operation, We manage to work a couple of hours in ow daily schedule for athleties and have organized basketball, baseball and volleyball teams." _ This morning Coach Henry Shenk received a letter from Captain Durand. This letter, dated March ist, states, “We are now at a base camp training herd but also enjoying a let of good sun and surf bathing. The temperature is mild enough that we never wear shirts and use only one or two blankets at night. We are far removed from a town and therefore removed from all dissipation, so all of us are really getting in tip top shape. I weight 195 pounds at present, | Te Then, consistent with his modesty, he states, “foday I received a thrill when Admira} Wimits presented me with a Silver Star Medal for so-called gallant action. There were many others of ow division receiving similar awards as a result of our Tarawa action, It was a real thrill to receive the award from one of the big boys» Major Bill Jones, a former K.U. boy, also received the Silver Star Medal." Bill Jones will be remembered as a Sig Alph back in 1937, and Fen was a Phi Psi, graduating in 1939, Fen further states, "I guess it has been all of three years or more since I last saw you and Mrs. Shenk. Your boys will be crown, probably, when I see you again at this rate, Give my regards to all of my friends on the Hill, | Now, in closing, well do we remember General Douglas MacArthur's words which ere carved in stone above the gymasiun of the United States Military Academy at West Point; "On the fields of friendly strife are sown The seeds which, in other years on other fields Will bear the fruits of vietory." KFKU Sportscast April 15, 1944 WAR AND ATHLETICS, THEIR PARADOZES Fred Eugene Leonard says: Quote, Man's earliest endeavor to perfect the body, discipline the mind and mold the character of the young by means of selected forms of physical activity and special regimen could doubtless be traced back to a prehistoric age, The study of ancient customs of China end India, Egypt, Babylonia and Assyria, the Phoenicians and Carthaginians, the Persians and the Hebrews might also yield some curious facts. But if one's purpose is to follow the evolution of modern forms of physical education in Europe and America and to note the significant contributions and modifications introduced at various stages, it is Sufficient to begin with Greece as it was in the century and a half whose middle point is the year of Sialemis and Thermopylae (480 B.C.). There we find 'gymastics' queeveiiy adopted as a necessary part of education, provision everywhere made for the exercise of youths and grom men in establishments supported and administered by the state, great national festivals at which the chief attractions were cone tests in physical prowess, and at a later day sculptors able to reproduce from the type presented to them in the gymasia ideal human figures which have never ween excelled in beauty. "Several things must be borne in mind when one thinks of Greece in the period of the Persian Wars, It was not a nation in the modern sense of a political wit with a central government and circumscribed territory, but a group of independent states and cities in European Greece, on the islands of the Aegean Sea, along the west coast of Asia Minor, and wherever else the Greek language was spoken by persons who felt the tie of a common descent, common reliegious beliefs and common customs. “These customs, furthermore, were not uniform. For example, education embraced two subjects of instruction and training, gymmastics and ‘music’, The former reached primarily the body and the will; the latter, which ine cluded literary studies as well as music in the narrower sense, affected the intellect and the emotions, Sparta, surrounded by an unfriendly and subject people, was little more then an organized camp, in which self- presetvation veeiiied a form of training designed to mold every citizen into the best possible weapon of defense. Individual welfare was therefore strictly subordinated to that of the community. Education was viewed as a funetion of the state, and physical hardihood, skilful use of weapons, selfe reliant delaras and iron discipline were developed by a type of education which was chiefly gymastic and military. Literary training was neglected, ih music, in the form of religious and patriotic hymns, war song and ballads recoumting the deeds of heroes, was valued solely for its stimulating effects. At Athens, on the other hand, we find ® mech broader type of education, which came more and more to dominate the practice of her sister states and cities. Complete and harmonious development of the individual was the object sought, and the schools were private affairs, over which the state exercised nothing more than police supervision. Gymastios was hardly less essential than at Sparta, but literary training occupied a prominent place, and music was esteemed for its refining influence on character and its cone tribution to social enjoyment. A third point to be noted is that whatever may be said of Greek education applies to free citizens only, and hence takes no account of slaves and the foreign-born, who made up possibly as much as three-fourths of the total populatione-at least in the case of the larger cities, And even within these limits it was ueually boys alone for whom provision was made, Unquote, ose Moving on to the background of German gymnastics, we find Johann Bernhard Basedow (1723-1790), Johann Christeph Friedrich Gutsiuths (1759 1893), and Frederick Ludwig Jahn (1778~1852), as the pillars of strength of German gymasties supporting the view that this activity was primarily indulged in for the purpose of developing strong young men for war, While the Turnverein and Turner bund, popular German gymnastic societies were operating over Germany and systems of school gymmastics were being develop- od in that country and Sweden, a variety of sports and organized games had become an established feature in the life of Engligh public schools and activities, The playground movement made headway in Germany and Denmark, but the Swedish system of school gymastics was gaining a foothold in England as it had done in’ Denmark, Montague Shearman attempts to show “that competitions in running, jumping, and hurling of heavy weights are not only indigenous to the land, but have been one of the chief characteristics of both tow and country life in England as far back iin chronicles will reach; and that athletic sports, though they have had their days of waxing and waning, have always been a feature of life in 'Merrie Ingland'." Young Londoners in the reign of Henry II (1154-1189) practiced leaping, wrestling, casting the stone and playing with the ball, niger with other exercises in open spaces set apart for their use near the city. Another author refers to lifting or throwing the heavy stone or bar, wrestling, running, swimming, handling the sword and the battle-axe, riding, vaulting and shooting in a long bow. Some idea of the universal prevalence of vigorous forms of recreation in the early part of the seventeenth century we gain from a passage in Robert Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, Writing of exercise as @ cure, he first considers hunting and fishing, and then goes on to say that many other sports and recreations there be, much in use, such as ringing, bowling, shooting (archery), foils, football, racing, wildegoose chases, which are the disports of greater men. ‘he ordinary occasions for the pastimes of the common people were Sundays and church festivals, and the numerous country fairs, - Therefore, we find that all athletic contests are a throwback from the game ofwar, The Huns, under Attila, used war for conquest. The German mind has always held to the theory that they wore the supermen, the men to rule the world, ‘The Englishman has followed the theory that every man to be a gentleman should play at least one game well. After the war of Liberation, Charles Follen and Charles Back, two German refugees, came to America and settled in Bostone They taught Latin and Ores at Harvard University and founded the first schools of the Germanic type of physicd edueation in our country. They organized the Turnverein, where, at these symastic sotleties, the building of strong bedies was emphasized, Charles Follen later moved to Philadelphia where he orgenized Girard College. The German influence on American physical education was ‘very pronounced in the early begiming of education in our country. School gymasia were fitted with apparatus and the imitation type of the Germanic theory was initiated. Follow the leader became the procedure for our schools in physical education, However, the English type of physical education through sports and - | Games began to replace the Germanic system in the middle of the Fighteenth centurye America turned to sports and games through the English influence and instead of developing & strong body for warelike activities, America's psychology was to develop sports and games on the theory that the game is the thing. The German student proudly exhibited a ta his face as his trophy be : from a broad sword duels while the American athlete prized his college letter on his sweater earned in intercollegiate athietés competition. Here you have the two psychologies. The German. wes trained in combat for ware The American was trained in combat for peace and pleasure, Both had body building as the incentive, but the American athlete was taught that you mist Say no a thousand times te temptation so that you could be a champion. The net result was that the Germanic mind believed in des- tryoing the other fellow, The American conception was in the words of General Douglas MacArthur: Quote. On the fields of friendly strife are sown the seeds which, in other years on other fields will bear the fruits ef victory. Unquote, In an AP dispatch a couple of weeks ago from Sardinia, war corres- pondent Kenneth L. Dixon quoted a tall, fairehaired ited of the air | forees as follows: “As long as we live under our present code of ethiés and virtues there will always be war. I am not convinced but that war is &@ pretty good thing." The men in the room in which sat American bombard« iers and pilots, were shocked. It was hard for them to believe their ears. Dixon said that you could almost hear the wheels of their minds turning as the fire crackled in the stillness, One said, "Just how do you mean that? I know places where you would be lynched for a orack like that." “What virtues does war have?", someone asked. "Courage is one," the blond captain replied. “At home, in school, in church, we are taught from kids that courage is a virtue - a wonderful things Discounting all the substi tutes for war you find in sports and in a daily competitive struggle for oxtetenee, war is a final mass test of courage, the only one that gives great numbers of men a chance to prove their physical courage at least," He stared into the fire for a minute, and then continued. “Unselfish- oGe= ness, or rather selfishness, is anothers the willingness to lay down one's life for a friend or for & Cause, Patriotism is another; willingness in the final analysis to lay dow inne life for one's country. Leadership and . faith in lbadership, Wer tests these virtues out. It marks the difference between the men who have them and the men who don't. Without war or somee thing similar those virtues would rot bad | ‘The captain speaking had a brother who was killed in a P 38 a day or two before. He had another brother who was in action who, he thought, might get it. He had lost most of his best friends and still he didn’t think that would change his mind, , "Besides," he continued, "I don't say war is a good thing in itself, I don't know about that, I only know that under our present standard of virtues it seems to me, and as long as men continue to admire these virtues, there will be war, and I get sick and tired of all this talk about war being terrible and how we are going to stop it with a world police force. They might delay another war, but they won't stop it. It is our standard of virtues. If courage and chivalry and patriotism and leadership and faith in a cause or a country on virtues, are worthy of dying for, then war is partly a good thing for it keeps them alive and active, If they are not worth dying for, then war is certainly a terrible thing. But the only way we will stop it is to revise our standard of virtues." _ "You are crazy", a bitter youth said slowly. "You're wrong. I can’t tell you exactly where, but your reasoning is haywire somehow. War is wrong. That's all I know. I don't know about virtues." : Another captain said, “Well, I know there is no virtue in staying ~ all night listening to you guys argue. I em going to hit the sack, We've got another tough early mission in the morning." ae Certainly we believe that on tee field of friengly athletic strife and conbat opportunities for courage, unselfishness and the sense of belonge ing are developed, We believe fone that quire is a transference from the activities of the athletic field to the activities of business and professional life. ‘Teamwork, cooperation and loyalties are developed which help in later yearse After every great war in America we have had a revival of athletic sports and games. During the Civil War when we had huge concentrations of men they learned to play Ono Old Cat which developed into our present gene of baseball. Many men were out of work after the war and during the depressio ig ofessional baseball was born. ‘Young men who could not procure jobs on the farms and in the facteries turned their talents baseball, So we could rightfully say that the Civil War formed the foundation for our professional game of baseball in Americas, In World War One the same huge concentration of men in Army camps turned their leisure time to sports and games. The ererene legions of Americans came back and there was not enough employment for all of the veterans, so again professional sports received an emphatic impetus. i sate Sele a Sat Baseball was revivified and enlarged. A new professional sport was developed, that of professional football. Professional football is dee finitely established, and World War One was the incubator. And now we are in World Wer Two. At the end of this war sports prophets are seeing the interests of professional baseball spread to all corners of the world. A world's championship now will we truly a world's sos staat Siar yo eae ee Sui alee ae. . G@hamplonship because nations will compete with nations for the world's ae Seti eee NL 2 ee en championship. Heretofore the world's ehampionships, so called, have been a national championship between the American League and the National League. Professional football, doubtless, will be so magnified and oe enlarged that not one or two leagues, but maybe ten or twelve leagues will be organized. Doubtless there will be Class AA, Class A, B and C leagues. Every city in America of any size will belong to a league and they will have their professional teams And last but not least, World War Two will supply the talent and the material for professional basketball, Every large metropolitan city has an auditorium that can seat from eight to twenty-five thousand people. The American soldier and sailor in every army camp and station is playing basketball. I% is a game easy to play and develops few casualties. Therefore, we can expect professional basketball on a larger scale than anyone can quite imagine at the present time. So the three wars, the Civil War, World War One and World War Two are the direct causes of the Ghree great professional sports, There- fore, we will have a wefertaas sport for each season of the year << baseball in the spring and sumer, football in the fall and basketball in the winter. In this way doubtless thousands of our young men will be able to use their skills in providing a living and at the same time serving as entertainers for our great throng of civilian populations Certainly American sports both professional end amateur will be exemplifying the English tradition of building friendships while developing stronger bodies without the hideous practics of destryoing their neighbors. KFKU = May 4, 1944 With the rising tide of might of the Allies surging ageinst the Axis powers, postwar preparations of the Allies are being actively carried forward. Postwar preparations are also definitely being made by the athletic departments of all universities and colleges in preparing for the peace era after the war. After every great war there has been a resurgence of athletic activities when the men are returned to peacetime pursuits. Depressions have always followed a war, And the men returning therefrom have used their physical skills in games and sports for financial remmeration. Not only do amateur . games increase manyfold, but professional games have been inaugurated during these peace time depressions, The Civil War was responsible for the develop- ment of professional baseball on a large scale. World War One served as & foundation for professional football and the revivification of professional baseball. World War Two will contribute definitely to a number of professional basketball leagues as well as multiplying severalefold the professional football leagues, together with professional baseball becoming an international sport. Seretators, the World Series in baseball has been a contest between the winners of the National lenges pennant and the winners of the American League pennant. That championship has been called the World's championship, when really it has been the national championship of North America. | But in the future it is not difficult to envision a world's championship in baseball where several nations my meet to decide the world's championship. | There are many who contend ‘that 4f we have international sports and games between all the countries of the world a better understanding would be 2 and we would have fewer wars. Be that as it may, it is a certainty that we will have a surging revival of sports and games the like of which the world has never seen before. Athletics have been accepted as an integral factor in building morale among @LZe the troops of nations, especially the United States. Large standing armies of our country will be maintained. These American soldicrs will introduce the American sports to the inhabitants of the countries in which our troops are stationed. Just as the game of basketball was spread by the medical missionaries and secretaries of the International Y.M.C.A. College of Springfield, Masse, 80 will the sports and games of our coumtry be visited upon the other countries by our American soldiers and sailors. But while the professional sports are vieaukvang a boom and impetus, college sports will be undergoing a great revival. Already some sohools which had ebolished intercollegiate athletics for the duration have reconsidered and are now planning to field teams. They realize that this year and perhaps the year to follow will not be big years in athletics, but these schools are laying : a foundation, planning on their directors of athletics and their various major sport coaches being ready to take over and carry on in a big way when peace does COME » The era following the first World War was known as the "stadium age" because many schools built huge football stadia, and the era following the second World War doubtless will be known as the “fieldhouse age". Many large fieldhouses will be built for indoor track, indoor practice in football and baseball, and an area that will seat from eight tc sixteen thousand in baskete ball. Time was when five thousand in basketball was considered a big crowd. Already twenty thousand people have attended basketball games in one field house and these mmbers will be increased. Only the size of the field house will limit the attendance. The Golden Age of Greece and Rome will be nothing to compare to the post-war period of intercollegiate athletics in America. The danger, of course, will come in the supervision of this young, nonetractable pachyderm. This young animal may grow into an elephant of sports gone wild. He may be uncontrollable because, true to the American habit of “Se going all out for a winner, these college teams are apt to throw all caution aside and subsidizing and proselyting, which has always been great in America, will be increased many fold. Prior to this waf, so-called respectable colleges subsidized and prosele yted their athletes iz ona large scale. Football was big business and it will be bigger business after this war. Basketball was just coming into its. owne Now basketball will be an ultraemajor sport, and along with its cousin, football, will go big time in no ummistakable fashion. Meny forms of wcbedtaation and proselyting were practiced. Some universities used the ‘intel of obtaining about forty wealthy men to eubsidise four scholarships a year. Each annual scholarship was twelve hundred dollars, and since each wealthy man subsidized four, this amounted to $4,800 for each of the forty men. That gave a school under this mm plan 160 picked football players, besides the normal flow that came ing Other schools used the legislative scholarship plan where the representatives and the senators gave the boy a legislative scholarship which provided his tuition and books. Another prominent gehoet had a plan of a “buck a month club", a dollar a mouth or $12 a year. Thousands of these memberships were sold and it was under the guise of meeting competition from state institutions - this being an endowed college that used this plan. | | , others use a straight widiiaivia tine, asking the wealthy alumi to give #500, and the smallest gift aiteed for was $5. From $30,000 to $50,000 was vetoed. Just prior to World War Two football players were paid from $90 to $125 per month. Of course, they were not paid openly - it was on a clandestine basis. The athletic directa’s kmew nothing about it, the athletic managers ‘new nothing about it, the football or basketball coaches knew nothing about ite In fact, no ons knew anything about it, except that the boy just happened to appear on the campuse He wore good clothes, he did not work, and he was ethos able to o home to visit his mother a couple of times a year. Numbskulls or boneheads were not in the quest of these subsidies. The outstanding boys in the schools were selected. Their grades and their 1.Q.'s were carefully tested because viet so “a money was involved in lining a prize athlete, certainly the spenders wanted to insure the athletic longevity of such a boy and did not want him to fall under the eligibility axe. Please do not misimderstand me. These were not all the outlaw colleges. These schools that perfected such a plen were members of conferences as respect~ able ag the Big Six or the Big Ten or other outstanding colleges in the Ivy League end on the Pacific Coast. One thing was certain. Wherever this happened there always was a large football stadium, and where these plans flourished most was always in a city of from eighty to one hundred thousand, up to several million. Big time athletics cannot flougish in a tom of fifteen thousand _ less. It takes the crowd to get the money, and it takes the money to get the boye Some athletic associations by clever manipulation of the books, charged ten to ‘quanty thowsnd dollars off to advertising and thm this menay was diverted to the necessary channels. Faculty representatives of respectable schools meet and make rules