RaDIO PROGRAM PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR HEALTH October 7, 1937 “WOMEN IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION" Dr. Allen -- Before we begin our chat with you I think you should know something Hoover -= Sherbon -=- about the members of our women's department. Miss Ruth Hoover, the head of our women's department, is a graduate of the University of Illinois and Columbia University. Miss Hoover has attained outstanding success both as a competitor and teacher of swimming, hockey, tennis, golf, and softball. She served as first assistant to Miss Nita Sheffiold at Columbia Teachers College. She was selected on the second all-American Hockey Team as full back during her student days at Columbia. Miss Hoover's dutics are those of ad- ministration and the supervision of sports, swimming and intramurals. Miss Elizabeth Dunkol, is a graduate of the University of Kansas, and received her Master's degree from Columbia University. Her main in- terest is all forms of the danco - tap, folk, social and modern. ile have all enjoyed the wonderful dance programs which she, as supervisor of Tau Sigma the dancing sorority, has presonted cach yoar as one of the bright spots of the winter season. Her brilliant success with Tau Sigma is accounted for by her enthusiastic understanding of the fine arts and her close association with Ruth Svedensts and Ted Shawn, outstanding exponents of the dance. We have a now member of the staff this year - Mrs. Alice Shorbon Bauman, She is 2 daughter of Dre Florence Brown Sherbon, who has taught so many years at the University of Kansas, and who is now on leave of absencee Mrs. Bauman is a former KeUe student and ernduate and for the past two years has been studying dancing in the studio of Martha Graham, one of the foremost dance teachers of the modern dance. Mrs. Bauman also assists with the sports and swimming. As a studont at tho University she attaincd outstanding success in many ficlds of endeavor, and it is a pleasure to have her with us in the department of physical education. Now, Miss Hoover, will you women who have made your departmont out- standing tell us more about your activities? I have been thinking of the many advantages which the University of Kansas woman of 1937 enjoys compared, for instance with the Kansas woman of 1894 in the freedom and variety of Physical Bducstion activ- itics. Well, Miss Hoover, before we go any further, let's mako one point clear. There seems to be a general misunderstanding as to what Physical Edu- cation really is, and I think our listeners should know that the 1937 Bt Physical Education doos not concern itself with twirling Indian clubs and cracking dumb bells.. Dunkel-- Hoover -- Sherbon-- Dunkel -- Hoover -- a Now, let me see, Alice, it was only about 1920 when I took my Physical Education here and we were still doing wand drilis, swinging Indian clubs and taking deep knee bends 1-2-3 - 4. Yes, I can remomber those classes with 90 and 100 students in them. But really setting up exercises and drills were about all you could do with that large a class in our size gymnasium and in those days physical edu- cation -- But it wasn't physical education then, it was physical culture - those were tho muscle building days. Then after the war, with its omphasis on discipline, we had physical training, discipline and precise. Very true. This concept of physically cduccting a person is comparatively recent and it is a direct outgrowth of modern ideals in general education. I remember just when that change from the formal type of work was made at Kansas, for it was during my first year here, in 1921. I will nevor forget how Miss Barto, who was head of the Physical Education dopartment at that timc, had just come directly from Columbie Univorsity, and was imbued with tho idea of an elective sports, swimming and dancing programe So she and I divided our 90 or so into smaller groups end allowed them a choice of several recreative activities. One or two members of the orig- inal staff refused to cooperate and would not rut their classes into the elective program, because they emphatically felt that was not physical training. Sherbon --But why in the world were there over such large classes as 90 and 1002 Hoover -- Well, it seems the war had something to do with that situation too, for Sherbon-- Dunkel -- Sherbon-- Hoover -- with the great interest in physical fitness for soldiers, the Board of Regents ruled all students, women as woll as men, should take Physical Educatione Dr. Shorbon, who was the woman's physician at that time, recalls with no pleasure the conditions undor which sho was forcod to moct these domands. Imegine! - one physical education instructor, 400 students, a small gymnasium, 1 shower, no dressing rooms and very little equipment. So you can see with Physical Education required how tho classes had to be largo to accommodate them. Speaking of roquired Physical Education -- it isn't required now, is it? No, that's the result again of forces outside our control. Retrenchment made necessary by the depression reduced the teaching staff so that it was impossible to accommodate a required enrollment, so the program was mode elective and given full academic crodite Yell, that is one step forward becauso many schools are werking toward credit for Physical Education. But I still wonder about the fully electire program. How do you feel about it, Miss Hoover? In a state that does not insure adequate Physical Educstion for its boys and girls during their grade and high school yoars, I feel that a Physical Education requirement in college-is neccessary. Hoover Dunkel Hoover -- Dunkel Sherbon -- Hoover -=- Sherbon -- Dunkel -- Sherbon -=- Hoover -- Sherbon -- Hoover -- Sherbon -- =e And here is another interesting thing from the standpoint of the women students themselves. On a recent poll of the women not only in Kansas but in many of the midwestern universities 85% felt that Physical Ed- ucation should be required. That's rather surprising, Isn't it? Because I understood many students resented having to take Physical Education. Yes, that seems to be the opinion, but nevertheless o. larger percentage of the women still fclt they should be roquired to take some activity, for they know they needed it and if rushed for study hours might not enroll unless required to do so. After all, I wonder how many students would enroll in Rhetoric if it were not required. The reason for making any requirement in a college course is to insure the essentials of education, which might bo omitted (by the student) in a purely elective program. The poll you just mentioned, Miss Hoovor, would indicate that the students themselves consider Physical Education such an essential, wouldn't it? Students really enjoy what they do in Physical Education these days, but they hate to dress and undress. That, of coursc, was quite an item when tho girl had to put on and take off six or more pounds of woolen bloomors, long silk hose, and a long sleeved middy blouse. But the modern girl in her shorts presents quite a contrast to the picture of the ladics baskctball team in 1898. Say, speaking of ladies basketball teams, did thoy play interscholastic games then? Yos, indeed, they did. To be sure, Dr. Naismith says that with 6 posts to dodge in a 36' by 50' room, the gamo wasn't anything we might recognize now, but nevortholess thoy wero playing interscholastic basketball - or shall we say dodge post basketball? Do you know of the recent ruling which the Delegato Assembly of the State High School Activity Association made on girls’ basketball tournaments? Yes, I had a letter from Mr. Thomas, their executive secretery, telling me that they had voted to abolish basketball tournaments for girls and to limit the number of inter-school gamos to 12 a year with not more than one per weok. I think the Assembly should be highly commended on this stcp. If girls intor-scholastic competition could be ideally controlled there would be real values in inter-school play, but unfortunately the same evils which beset the commercialism in men's interscholastic athletics cropt into the exploited girl's teams. What are some of these evils? Too much attention is given to the varsity players at the oxpense of the large student body. - Don't you feel the emphasis on winning distorts the real valucs of ath- letic competition? Dunkel -- Decidedly. Sherbon --Of course, I am speaking about women's athleticse But since you are here, Dre Allen, I would really like to know your philosophy concerning men's competitive athletics. Do you feel that the same ovils exist in men's competition? : | Dr. Allon-Yes, Miss Shorbon, there is alwsys some evil connected with the bost of things. Some of our friends are not able to differentiate between com- petitive athletics which are played for the fun of it by the athletes par- ticipating, and competitive athlctics which cre played for the huge fin- ancial income therefrom. The first is still sport but the latter is 2 huge business - not a sport. Professional baseball and professional foot- ball are not sports. They belong to the business realm. Dunkel -- And no less objectionable to women is the aping of men's style of play and mannorisms, which makes for unwholesome behavior. The masculine, blatant girl who goes into professional athlctics is no representative of the mcdern physical educetion ideal for women. In your opinion, Dr. Allen, is there any one who typifies the modern ideal of woman? Dre Allen~Yes indecd, Miss Dunkel, I have in mind Holen Wills Moody, artist, poet, scholar and athlete, a product of the now generation of womon. Haig Patigian, sculptor, in his studio in San Francisco, completed a bust of Helen Wills called "Helen of California". A Western magazine, commenting on this work, said: "There is a new type of beauty abroad in tho land. Her beauty is something more than mere candy-box prottiness for it rises from within. Her intellectual life, her physical ruggedness, and hor artistic gift oach heve their share. Thore is something that shines cut of the Helen Wills bust that is spiritual in charactor, - something not accounted for by the regular features, tho shapely throat, the level brow. I began to study, to find a namo for the thing that struck me as it has struck the art world of half a dozen nations. and the word that I found for it is “poise®. Sherbon --Well, I hear lots of talk about the physical eduestion typee I'd like to know what is meant by that "typo". Hoover -- That idea of type has persisted as a rosult cf the days when women in phys- ical educntion thought they had to wear ground grippers, sailor hats, tail- ored suits. Dunkel -- And most of thom neckties, Fortunately, that species is practically ox- tinct by now and its ideal is obsolcte. Hoover -= Our modern program of physical education with its very complete dance pro- gram, opportunities for participation in darts, tennis, ping pong; horse- shoes, swimming, badminton, and co-educational recreation offers an appoal to every type of girl. No longer is the gymnasium attractice only to ver- sity girls with great athletic ability. anB a Dunkel -- Just last night I was impressed with that very thought, as I watched the intramural volley ball practices. For any hour of the day from morning until night the gymnasium can be found filled with girls rep- resenting a cross soction of the K.U. cocd life. Hoover -=- After all, these girls are the realization of our ideal and will be womon who ero mentally alert, wholesome, feminine, with clcoan strong bodics, and possessed of a radiant buoyant health. Truly, physical education for zestful living. | DreAllen --Thank you very much Miss Hoover, for this most interesting program. And I want to thank you, Miss Dunkel, and you, too, Miss Sherbon. I am very sure that the parents of K.U. coeds aftor hearing you women will have great confidence in tho leadership and direction of women's physical od- ucation on Mount Oread. : And now may I introduce Nelson Sullivan, Intra-iural Sports Announcer, who will sive you the high lights of intra-mural sports at KeUe "PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR HEALTH SERIES" Thanksgiving Day, November 24, 1938 "VICTORY THROUGH ESPRIT DE CORPS" Dre Forrest C. Allen Director of Physical Education Varsity Basketball Coach University of Kansas. The chief menu for our youth of America today has been turkey and foot- ball. Through uwnmnumbered years the oncoming crop of youthful American athletes will fight for their schools, will attempt to excel some old star's record, and will attempt to right some wrong «= in all, a triple prayer of conquest te dream true. For this is the never-changing and immortak spirit of youthe ? It is altogether fitting that institutions of learning should keep alive the stories of their greatest games and the exceptional feats of skill and sac- rifice of their own heroese To add dynamic punch to the athletic days ahead and to match the courage of today with that of yesterday, true athletic esprit de corps must march militantly forward with its long procession of grim-visaged sports warriors ever passing in reviewe Esprit de corps means simply "the spirit of the corps", or groupe It is the French for an association of ideas with effect- ive group effort. A dictionary may define the phrase as “loyalty to one's com- rades, spirit of solidarity or group morale". However, with a more universal usage of the phrase this definition has become incomplete. For esprit de corps has come to mean a spirit of sympathy and pride and enthusiasm - a feeling of oneness that makes the whole corps akin. Like the slogan ef "The Three Musketeers" athletic esprit de corps means "all for one and one for all" - a jealeus regard for the honor of the group as a whole. The @anadian Mounted Police and our own United States G-«Men have undoubt- ed esprit de corps. They are deadly in earnest concerning their objectives. They stick together a nd literally ge through hell to get their mane They shoot it - out when necessarye Their own personal welfare does not matter. It is the esprit de corps that carries them throughe At the battle of Thermopylae, King Leonidas and his three hundred Spartans had this spirit of complete solidarity. It t20k courage for those ancient Greeks, fighting with spears, to advance against the Persians fighting with arrowse Esprit de corps, personal discipline, idealism, or call it what you will, forced them through the blood and torture of the arrows of the first ranks of kneeling archers in order that they might use their spears. Napeleon's Gld Guard knew how to die but not how to surrender. Welling- tonts Britishers with their thin, red and unyiclding line evinced esprit de corps at Waterloo. Washington's frozen and starving men had it at Valley Forgee Memories of the Civil War still flow crimson because both the Blue and the Gray had esprit de corpse Our American soldiers had it at ChateaueThierry and in the Argonne Woodse These are the words for it = wyielding sacrifice of self for what seems a worthy cause, which in its ultimate analysis means immortalitye ad Human emotions stir deeply in the fierce maelstrom of sportse For it is here that our peoples play at war, Out of athletic competition come the conjoined stimuli of exhaltation and‘depression and fierce rivalries, but in all, much more of the pleasure than of the paine Someone has said that a thing to possess heart interest must possess "the qualities of both a tear and a smile". Varsity and high school athletes look to their ewm coach as their acad- emic field general to lead them to victory. No man who is unable successfully to interpret the art of living should ever aspire to a position as coaches For the term coaching implies people to master difficultics, enotional as well as practical ones. It is one thing to become proficient in the art of playing the technical game and anether, but of far greater importance, to master the art of getting along with fellow players and coaches and opponents both at home and on foreign ceurts and fieldse Before tense games a coach must came before earnest men. They will watch his face for assurances of victory. Many times he must stand alone and fact to face with certain and imminent defeat staring at him, long before he can meet with them and instill hope. In infinitely lesser degree, like General Grant at the siege of Vicksburg, a ceach will sometimes feel that.all hope is gone as he keeps close counsel with himself and dares not reflect either to his players or to his fellow coaches the despair that eneompasses hime General Grant in his "Memoirs" has graphically described his fears and dejections arising from the mcertainty of the capture of Vicksburg. "It cannot be taken," he thought, and pondered through the days a nd months of the siegee Finally, it came to him thus, "If we are discouraged in our pesition, what is the Confederate state of mind, bottled up there with no chance of ogress?" Reason- ing thus, after long vigils ef despair, Grant took courage and reflected it anew to his mene They knew then that he could wine So must suecessful coaches drive fear out of their players' hearts. They must make the boys forget their epponent's powere They must develop an expect- ant and fighting spirit which means building esprit de corps or team morales This deminant challenge to win swells the surge of a conquest, and a team thus imbued is wellenigh unstoppable, Inspiration multiplies power, and power coupled with courage and fundamentals ‘relentlessly smashes through. The coach must have faith in his men and in reciproeity the men have faith in their coach. Throughout the grand theme of life there runs a faith in the ability of human beings to achieve happiness if rightly directede In relations of the part to the whole, this same faith obtains in all human keadership realms. The achieve= ment of this-myth called happiness lies in the process of adjustments that we are ~ able to makee Lafcadio Hearn, in his Japanese Letters, has said, "My cook wears a smile ing, healthy, rather pleasing facee He is a good-looking young mane e e e One day I looked through a little hole:in the shoji and saw him alonee The face was not the same face. It was thin and drawn and showed queer lines worn by old hardshipse » « I went in and the man was all changede « « « + Foun and happy againe He wears the mask of happiness as an etiquette. " “3— The more eften I ponder the mask of happiness that this thin, drawn, unassuming little Japanese cook wore, the more do I choose it as a fitting de~ sign for living with players and opposing teams and coachese Behind the dressing room deors we see anxious, panting, drawn men, spent and spraivling, We sce coaches adjusting themselves to the situation of the moments. If the men necd mental pep-injections, the coach may be a snarling, vicious, fighting or laughing tiger. If they need seothing and quiet their re= actions may be determined by the ingenuity of the coache At one time he must be kind and extremely gontle - at another he must be relentless and hard; but at all times a dynamic leader whom men with their blind faith and loyalty will dic to followe I am happy that in America today we find eur boys waging a gridiron battle on football fields instead of, as in Europe, the symbol of the young schoel boy with a musket over his shoulder marching for the battloficld. Ours - 4 Democracy; theirs = an Autocracys ' it MY e Dr «. Mr, Dr « Mrs Dr. Mrs PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR HEALTH THE PLACE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Jacobs Allen Jacobs Allen Jacobs Alien Jacobs ( Mr. John E. Jacobs, Vice Principal of Liberty Memorial High School and Principal of Lawrence Junior High School, and Dr. Forrest C. Allen, Director of Physical Education, University of Kansas.) The week beginning Monday, November 7, .and ending with November 12, has been set aside as a special time to stress the part that education plays in the American life. The theme is, "Education for Tomorrow's America", Tonite we are particularly _ interested in physieal education and related Ficsids, and I shall ask Dr. Forrest C. Allen, head of the Physical Education Department at the University of Kansas, to give his ideas concerning the part that | physical education plays in the public school program. Phog, where should the physical education program in the public schools begin; that is, how far down in the grades should the program extend? Well, John, I would start below the grades... I would start in the kindergarten. You know, Froebel had a pretty good program - that of "education through play". All kindergarten teachers are pretty serious about that, you know. You feel, do you, that both physical education and health examinations should begin that low in the grades? Yes, even before the kindergartcn. In the pre- kindergarten and nursery schools the children should have health and physical examinations by the school physician. .~ What are some of the values of the pre-school examination? Well, for one thing it stimulates the mother into doing even a better job because she has the assist~ ance of the school physician as well as her own physician to guide her. What type of play and exercise would you suggest for young children, say in the primary department of the public school? Dr e Allen Mr. Jacobs Dr« Allen Mr. Jacobs De Well, I would say first a continuation of the kindergarten - the pleasant, semi-active singing games, such as Ring Around the Rosy, Looby Loo, Round the Mulberry Bush; then the mimetic exercises and Funting and chasing games, but nothing highly organized in the sense of games. These rhythmic plays and games stimulate the hopping, skipping and running which are so beneficial to the physical development of the child. What about games that call for a high degree of skill, accuracy or fineness of movement for little children? I think that should not be overly encouraged, The purpose of games for children is to activate the child in a pleasant way -- with music and with rhythmic games. Games of skill are not so essent- jal at this age. Of course, the children will want to bounce a ball-as an individual pleasurable activity, but their nevromuscular system is not highly enough developed for team play. Where do you think the organized games should begin, that is at what level should they be introduced? I think when the hero-worship stage begins, about 12 == at the gang-spirit age. But I wouldn't organize them into any leagues, even then. I'm speaking of interscholastic competition. I would have groups, and while I would teach my fundament- als through competition, it would not be highly organized competition. I am thinking of junior high scholastic competition, where one school team competes against another. I would discourage that for the reason that the child has too much tension already -- too much nervous tension. But during the summer time it is all right and rather inter- esting to have twilight baseball leagues. This .* will keep the child out of doors in active play when he does not have the strain of school life, I think we overdo the competitive side in junior high school. Do you believe that the training of teachers in elementary schools is adequate to carry on the type of program you describe? Dr. Allen Mr. Jacobs Drs Allen Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen Mr. Jacobs aoe By no means. We are badly in arrears of that phase of it, so far as physical education is concerned. You know, John, I feel that those teachers should be just as well trained as kindergarten teachers are in their work. They should know just as much about the philosophy of play life and they shouid endeavor to have an hour for play every day + not just once in a while. It should be a part of their every day curricular program. Do you believe then that every teacher should be a physical education teacher? Exactly. Every teacher should have the basic train- ing that all physical education teachers get. Physical education teachers should possess the spirit of exuberance and buoyance, and be a living example of robust health. This precious possession on the part of the physical education teacher is bound to be transmitted to their fellow teachers as Well as to the group they are working with. That is the emphasis I would put on physical education for all teachers, and then our physical education supervisors of the schools could work out the necess- ary program with these teachers. | Would you make the physical education program for the junior high school different from that of the elementary school? Well, I should have the competitive teams at the apex of the pyramid. There should be a broad base of inter-school games, both for the boys and the girls, and of course that would immediately eall for at least 20 acres of playground spece around the school. That is semething that our Germanic-~- minded educetors have failed to put into execution. You know the Germans even prior to the World War thought that a horizontal bar and a parallel bar and some weights to lift were sufficient to build a strong physique. It is Denver, I believe, that has a requirement that no school building can be errected unless it has 40 acres of play space ad- jacent to the building. While we are talking of play space, what do you think about our own lecal schools as far as play- ground space is concerned? Dr. Allen Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen ~ Well, that is an interesting point, John. J am going to tell you something that I have never said befére publicly. When Harry P. Smith was super- intendent of schools here they were building Liberty Memorial High Echool. I called on Harry Smith and said, "You are building a high school out there and right now I see that some houses are being moved over on that property east of the high school building. I think that is near criminal negligence, because it is the only possible place that the high school children could have for a playground space. I honestly believe thet there is a man in this town who loves children so much that he would be willing to buy that area for the school children. And he has plenty of money, too- He is past-president of the Board of Education, and I am quite sure he was the man who first obtained Dr. A. J. Anderson to give physical examinations in our schools. I Sincerely believe that if the school board members would go to this man and present the situation in its true light that he.wovld be happy to buy that field." Now, understand, John, I was not trying to talk a man out of his money, but I saw what a wonderful opportunity it would have been for my boys and girls, as well as other boys and girls, to have outdoor play space adjacent to our fine new high school. Of course, you are wondering who this man is + well, I'll tell you. It was Mr. George Innes. And every student, every boy and girl loved him. He was a great old Scotchman. In my mental vision I saw "Innes Memorial Field" link- ed up with our own Liberty Memorial High School. Well, what was done about your proposal, Dr. Allen? Well, John, I was asked to present it to the school board members, and I did. fnd you know, one of the fellows on the Board said something that I will never forget. He said, "Listen, we have got more play space than anything else in Lawrence." And I said, "But it is not located in the right place." He séid, "There is a big play space at Cordley School". I lost heart. That whipped me, to find a man in an important position who lacked the vision for the children of Lawrence. Those houses are still there, and the youngsters are still denied the use of that fine outdoor space. And, John, those poor high school footballers must trek over paved streets way out to Cordley for their gridiron practice, when they could have played in Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen oSe close proximity to the high school building. And the worst indictment is that we have failed +o provide adequate play space for every boy and girl, whether athlete or not, se that they may play out in God's great cut of doors at Jeast one heur each day. After they have exercised they go in to the high school and have e@ shower bath and 1 good vig- erous rub-down. They are stim lated physically, ani emotionally remaede after such an exhilarating play hour. These boys and girls, youngsters of ours, rush neurotically from one class period to the other with too much of a sexy complex under these untoward conditions, ani with the ratigue curve always rising. A pley hour each day in the out of doors, combined with an invigorating shower and rub-down, many times change their immature philosophy into a durable conception concerning the real meaning of iife. The argument that we had plenty of play space then was hardly valid from a long time point of view, because it is possible to acquire play space only when there is plenty of its Right! Our University of Kansas Athletic Associat-~- ion purchased from Mr. Gowans a tract of land south of the University back in 1921 for $12,900. That was considered quite a price at that time. But look at it now -- all the other space around it has been teken up by homes. Therefore, it takes some person with a prophetic vision to purchase now. Although we have missed one chance, it still Tsn't too late. We must plan for the futuro now. Well. while we ere talking about playground space, what about the situation at che junior high school? Weli, John, this is nothing but an old brick build- ing, with brick pavement end shat surrounding it. Certainly this antiquated old building should be condemned and a new junior high school built. Someone like Dr. OBrien and a committee should survey, as they did for the high school, and locate the new junior high school where there is ample play space. Now, I just want to hark back a moment to the high schcol. I wish you’ could see the play space at the Columbia, Missouri, high school. They have gone three miles north of Columbia on Highway 40 to locate their new high school’ in the open spaces. They have acres and acres, and Columbia Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen Mr. Jacobs Dr. Allen ~ is about the same size town as Lawrence. Now, for our junio~ high school pray space, a minimal area of ai lea:t 19 acres wonic not be 2 Lit too mich. Fox the next 20 youre there will be a revelation in schoo. biiidings regarcing »lay creas, Do you believe thas large playgrounds providced by ths schoo? are of ve.lue to the community ¢ en the same credit basis with any other subject when the same amcunt of time and study and thought~- fulness is devoted to physical education. Why shouldn't it be that way? It is a most worth while thing for the child to learn how £0 improve his health and physique. I am glad to hear you say that because you fully realize the value of a healthy mind in a healthy bedy. And it is good of you to take time from your busy administrative work at the Lawrence High School to contribute further to the great work of physical education in its relation to the American program of education which we are emphasizing this week. ed Dre Allen Dre Elbel PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR HEALTH October 20, 1938 "Yansas Youth and Physical Education of the Future" (Dr. Fe Ce Allen and Dre Ee Re Elbel ) In looking over the interesting items contained in the platform of the National Health and Physical Education Associa-= tion, I feel that we can profitably discuss only a few of the most important ones tonight. Listen to this fulsome set-up, please, Dr. Elbel --= A medical examination for every school child. A class period in physical education each daye A gymnasium and playground for every school. Education for leisures A graded and scientific curriculum. Standardized physical achievement testse A teacher fully trained and accredited. The coach a member of the faculty. Positive credit for physical education worke Health habits that endures An intramural program for after-school hourse A varsity program that stresses sportsmanship and ethical conducte Equipped and supervised summer playgroundse Provisions for wholesome adult recroatione Of course you know that Miss Helen G, Saum, the head of the women's department of Physical Education at Kansas State College, is president of the Kansas Health and Physical Education Associa= tione Miss Saum is making a most strenuous effort to acquaint the citizens of Kansas with the great need of a state curriculum and a state director of physical education. She deserves much commend= ation for her effortse ; The above mentioned requisites are the professional object} ives of the association and were published in the February and March, 1930, issues of the Journal of Health and Physical Educatione By converting these ideas or points into workable projects we would render a groat service to tho youth of Kansaose May we discuss the first item - "a medical examination for every school child." Well, Doc, this is now being done in 37 states, but Kansas is not onc of them. Certainly the school system in cooperation with the medical profession could in this mamner render a fine service to the future citizenry of the state. It is reasonable to assume that many pupils go through schools never having had a thorough physical examination, and in many instances working under Dre Allen Dre Elbel min the handicap of defects which could be revealed by such an examin-~ ation and remedicd at the timee Comparatively few high school graduates enter college. Of those who enter the state university it is safe to say that the greatest percentage of them got the first complete physical examination on entrancee Since physicians tell us that many defects become progressively pronounced with age, it would scem that the complete examination should be adninistered in elementary grades and that most parents would be in hearty accord with such a procedures Well, Eddic, here, at least, is one of those "believe it or not" itemse Do you know that Dre A. J. Anderson, of Lawrenco, is one of the pionecrs in giving physical examinations to school child- ren? For 34 years he has been cxamining the high school students of Lawrence, and for the past 5 or 6 years he has in addition also examined the junior high school pupils, 11 of this has been gratis on his parte Such benefactors as Dr. Anderson may go unrewarded financially for this great service, but undeniably the children whom he has so faithfully served will some day rise up and call him blessed. There seems to be rather an appalling ignorance on the part of even the high school seniors concerning their knowledge of anatomy and the physiology of their own bodiese Ihave heard Dre Anderson relate that upon questioning the students during the examination as to whether their appendix had been removed, invar- iably the answer to Dre Anderson was, "Yes, I have had them re- moved", or "No, I have not had them removed", They imagined that they had two appendices. Well, now back to the point. Here is another item which stresses the idea of a class period in physical education each day. There are some people who think that it will be a rather difficult thing to find room in the average curriculum for the additional hourse What do you think about that, Ed? Well, Doc, school adninistrators are faced with the problem of choosing between the points which are to be emphasized most in the curriculume But on the other hand, authorities on child devel- opment tell us that the normal healthy child needs for proper growth activity and movements. Restraint interferes with normal physiological function and developmonte It is a well known fact that in many instances there is little activity in the school prog- rome The. daily physical education class could well be made to serve at least two main purposes: first, as a means of activity, and secondly, to teach fundamental skills which would serve as an incentive for vigorous play after school hours and as a basis for active recreational siiills in adult lifee Incidentally, movement is inherent in the child. The parent or teacher may tell the child to sit still, but the child must move, it is a part of the normal growth process, and as a consequence the normal healthy child will be active, and provisions must be made in our educational setup in accordance with this facte Dre Allen Dre Elbel Dre Allen. woe John Dewey makes the statement: "The idea that the necd for play can be suppressed is absolutely fallacious, and the Puritanic tradition which disallows the need has entailed an enormous crop of evils. If education does not afford opportunity for wholesome recreation and training, capacity for seeking and finding it, the suppressed instincts find all sorts of illicit outlets, sometimes overt, sometimes confined to indulgence and imagination." In respect to active play, the Discipline of the Methodist Episcopal Church published in 1792 makes the following statement: "We shall therefore inflexibly insist on their rising early in the morninge e »« this is of vast importance both to body and minde e e« On the same principle we prohibit play in the strongest termSe e« e The student shall be indulged with nothing which the world calls playe Let this rule be observed with the strictest nicety, for those who play when they are young will play when they are old." Well, Ed, of course times have changed since then, and so has the reaction toward playe It is true that our pioneers did feel that if you played when you were young you would play when you were old, and play was a rather sinful extravegance of valuable timc. But your suggestion is to teach them to play when they are young and they will rcalize its values and play when they grow upe And that brings us to the next point = a gymnasium and playground for every school. Would I be hurting anybody's feelings by saying that all progressive schools have this arrangement? I imagine that if Comenius, the old Moravian educator, could hear us he would get a laugh out of that one. You know that back in the 17th ecentury he suggested a playground around each school, Naturally, it goes without saying that proper indoor and outdoor space is essential to the proper physical education prog- ram, The thoughtful parent and progressive school board now re= cognize these facts and are insisting upon adequate facilitics. The mere fact that we have great open spaces is not enoughe A recent survey showed that many Kansas schools do not have play- grounds, and as to indoor space, it is a necessity not only for housing basketball games and the spectators but for active use of the studynt body and the community at large.e Some one has said that the real sports promoters of America are the boards of education of our cities. They have built the gynmasia in which these sports are developede Now, to the third point - edusation for leisure. We hear that over and over nowadayso The biological theory of play is that the animals exercized and used certain groups of muscles in their activity so that they could live, The eat played with its tail or a bounding ball so that it would more successfully catch the illusive mouse. Reduced to terms of childrons' activities, the child plays games so that its reactions and responses will be sharpened to avoid injury from the modern automobiles. Dre Elbel Dr. Allen Dre Elbel ce Surely, if education is to aid a man to find his place in society, some training must be in the direetion of making a live= lihood. But for years we have disregarded everything clsee With increasing leisure due to our cconomic system we must and are roe cognizing that the progressive and hapyy society is one which knows how to occupy itself in worthy pursuits during leisure hours. Statistics point in the direction that there will be an increasing anount of lcisure in the years to come, and schools must concern thonselves with the problem of educating the citizens of the future in constructive loisure tine activities which contribute materially to the social and moral well-being of socictye Do you speak entirely of activities of a physical nature? No, recreation should not be viewed entiroly as active game type activities. The field of recreation is about as diver= sified as the varied opinions of the individuals who go to make up & given communitye But activity of some sort is essential to . happy living and we should not lose sight of the fact that active Dre Allen Dr. Elbel recreation now plays an important part in the daily life of the population and will play an ever-increasing part in the life of any cormunitye For this reason the school of the future will look to the physical education program as an important element in the comparatively new philosophy of cducation for leisure. A later program will no doubt cover this point, but while on the subject of recreation it might be well to mention that rapid strides have been made in treatment of those who are nontally ill by forms of recreational therapy. How many of these abnorn- alitics could have been prevented by adequate reereation or physical education programs during ond after school hours will perhaps never be known. Yes, I heartily agree with you, Dre Elbel, that the benefits of recreational therapy have hardly been recognizede. I an very. sure that this depression has hastened the recognition of this type of therapy, and it will be much more in evidence in the immediate futuree Now, the most inportent point of all - the item regarding the curriculune Will you please clucidate on this, Dre Elbel? I have a fecling that to be of benefit in its largest sensc, physical education nust follow a scientifically graded curriculum based upon inherent biological and psychologicai elements anc age limits of the individuais involved. It must teach skiils, make allowance for individual differencese The curricuiu should not be based entirely upon athletic competition but should ofter sufficient experience in this respect to allow the studcnt the opportunity to bencfit by actively engaging in well regulated contests. Dre Allen Dr. Elbel Dre Allen =Dew I find myself in entire accord regarding the points you stress on the curriculum. But I have a hobby which I trust will gain more attention in the curriculum == that of safety educatione Physical education should teach that safety education is a most important phasee It is through physical education that safety is taught in relation to fire drills, swimming, canoeing, hiking, horseback riding, and so forthe If youth is to be conserved, safoty education with all of its implications must be included in the school curriculum. Now, the next two points might well be discussed as a single unit » the fully trained and accredited teacher, and the coach a member of the faculty. What are your ideas on these two items, Ed? While the state board of education acts as the accrediting ageney for teachers in the schools, it might be well to mention that it is as important to have the teacher as well trained in physical education, if she is responsible for teaching it, as in any other subje@t in the school curriculum. There is a specific teaching job to be done and the untrained teacher usually falls short of the edueational objective of the physical education curriculum. Regarding adequate teacher training, the Kansas Health and Physical Education Association has a competent committee at work with the hope of preparing a suggestive curriculum for the teacher training institutions of the state with the hope that it will serve as a guide for the training of teachers of physical educati one The Kansas High School Athivities Association demands that the coach be a member of the faculty, and why should that not be the case? If athletics are to be sufficiently educative (and no one will deny but that they offer great possibilities in this respect) they should be kept in the school program, The entire control, administration and coaching must be in the hands of regular, wellequalified faculty members. While much can be said in this respect, it might be sufficient to mention in passing that there are many reasons to believe that the well-trained physical educator has certain qualifications as a coach that are lacking in many men who have had the training of another nature and have turned to coachinge Thank you, Dre Elbel, I see that our time has drawn to a close, but we hope to continue along these same lines next weeke " Ee . CERES ROS LE PE WA FNTNEN SRA at we 8 en eos Lhe ee eget Soe bit Neg ey .As bei Pe ot Coherne ¥ Ae. mies Sis -® Peete ok xfoes SREB na ee P eLS e EN RS Ie one Alien Allen Oatman Allen O&tman Allen Oatman Allen PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR HEALTH Radio Program December 29, 1958 (Dr. Forrest C. Allen, Director of Physical Education and Varsity Basketball Coach and Glenn Oatman, Present Kansas Amateur golf champion and nationally ranking golf star.) Glenn, there are certain definite qualities which go to make up @ real champion. Many of these qualities can be seen in a boy in his every day life. A champion is not made by accident, but rather by design, and I believe you are a good example of a champion having been made by design, I imagine that you dreamed of being a champion a thousand times before you became one. Isn't that true, Glenn? Well, yes, Doc, I have haddreams of holding a crown all my life, but it seemed like a dream even when I won my first major tournament. The thing I admire about your achievements, Glenn, is the fact that a fellow like you who weighs but 120 poinds and sits on the amateur golf throne of these two states - Missouri and Kansas - won his spurs by mastering this game through fine concentration, perfect coordination, tiring and rhythm, and an indefatigable desire to make gray matter count over bulk. Now I'd like to ask you a question. In my own mind I think I already know your answer, but I'd like to know the most to you which do you consider the most valuable - your diploma from the School of Business of the University of Kansas or your golf championships? I would rather have the diploma, of course, but why can't one have both? One must be able to do many things in pre- sent day competition. Right! And that is what most any intelligent fellow would say. Naturally he should put his education first, but why shouldn't he have pleasure plus the mastery of certain games as he goes along through life? That is what I have always maintained - that athletics should serve as a favor- able introduction to society and business. That is exact- ly what you have done with your golf. You have re-created your body, you have made many fast friends, you have be- come a champion, and withal you are still a very young man. Yes, I remember when I was ill and I usejto play golf to beat back and recover my health, and during that tire I learned patience and self-control. But after all, I don't know whether beating back from my illness taught me more patience than the golf or not. Golf is granted by many to be the greatest character builder there is. However I can't say it has helped me so much. True enough, lack of self-control in competition defeats your own purpose since you are your own greatest opponent in this solo game. Glenn, I'm glad to hear you make that remark beeause I know a@ number of great athletes + Glenn Cunningham, Brutus Oatman Allen Oatman Allen Oatman Allen a Hamilton, Everett Bradley, and others -- all those boys have either had a severe attack of illness or an infury that has made it appear that not only their health but their whole future was blasted so far as motor activity was concerned. But through patience and perseverance every one of those boys became real champions - not only local champions, but world champions as well. And after all that is the crux of the wholé thing, where a fellow can turn seeming defeat into victory, and only through courage, patience and an indomitable will can those things come to pass. Yes, Doc, I have watched a lot of your championship teams play, and I have often wondered what it was that made them champions - whether you inspired your boys to do a certain thing or whether you told them what to do in special crises, or just what it was that made your teams great. Well, Glenn, I don't think that we have achieved any more than any other coach could with the fine material that we- have had here at the University of Kansas. The big thing, Glenn, is that we have had fine boys to work with, boys who wanted to play, boys who wanted to win, boys who would give up a lot of things to achieve this victory. I attri- bute what success I have had to the fine material that I have had to work with, and to the splendid response that those boys gave in certain critical hours. Naturally I have had to work with a group, and it is difficult some- times to mesh all the psychological factors of the many boys into one united whole. That is team play. Of course that is somewhat different from the individual @olfer. But in your play, Glenn, isn't it true that you not only had to master your own self, but you have had to give away poundage and height and reach to an opponent? All these factors that seem to Weigh against you would naturally prove to be a handicap. How did you overcome most of these mental and physical hazards, Glenn? Well, Doc, I didn't always overcome all of them. But in golf the mental attitude plays a tremendous part. Timing and rhythm are the main essentials, and these combined with near-perfect coordination determine the efficiency of the golfer. I think I know this answer too, even before I ask it, Who is, in your opinion, the top golfer of all time? There is no doubt about it, Doc. There is just one immortal golfer, and that is Bobby Jones. He did everything that a golfer was supposed to do. In my pinion his record will never be tied, Ah Glenn, there's the champion, Bobby Jones, who really made you a championt I am sure that you dreamed of Bobby Jones and his prowness when you were a little fellow. Isn't that true? Oatman Allen Oatman Allen Oatman Allen Oatman athe Yes, it is, and when I met him last year at Portland that was the realization of alife-long ambition. I had a talk with him one aftermoon and I think he gave me a hint as to what really made him great--and that was his power of con- centration. Grantland Rice said this of him: “after Bobby Jones had won the @rand Slam in 195® which was winning the four major tournaments in the world in one year, that Jones had the most perfect power of concentration of any human he had known. When Jones came up to the last hole in the National Amateur in 1930 and was putting out in front of a gallery of ten thousand people, a train passed by about 50 years from the green. A shrill blast of the engineer's whistle fairly shocked Jones! cohorts, think- ing that the noise would unnerve him during his putting. | But on the other hand, when Grantland Rice queried him about it later, Jones said, "I never even heard the train." I think that is certainly perfect concentration, don't you? Marvelous’ Only a fellow buried so deeply in his desire for achievement could inhibit such distractions as these. But it seems to me that I recall some incident similar to this, Glenn, when you were playing Ted Adams, the present Canadian golf champion, at St. Joseph. Everyond: tabtght you were defeated at one point of your match. Well, perhaps the incident that you refer to was when I missed the put that everyone thought would upset me so severely that Adams would defeat me. But on the other hand, queer as it may scem, I came back and managed to shoot sub-par holes and win the title anyhow. Well, that would have meant defeat for a great many fellows, but apparently you had your fighting heart keyed to the point where this old adage "A fellow who won't be beaten cantt be beaton" rang true in your case. In other words, you just hed to win that golf tournament, didn't you, fellow’ Well, fortune smiled on me thet day, Doc. I did seem to keep my faculty of concentration, and I guess Old Lady luck was kind to me on that occasion because I really wanted that tournament. Well, you certainly delighted your many friends and follow- ers, and you had a lot of them, all of them pulling for you to win. Since we are speaking of golf, Glenn, I an, of course, interested in golf for the students here at the University of Kansas. We have a nice sporty six~hole golf course on the University campus, and you have been mighty fine in helping us lay out our course and in giv- ing your advice on the upkeep of the fairways and greens. In addition, you have served as coach of the University of Kansas golf team. Considering golf as one of the features of the student athletic program, I would like you to point out the golf program you would like to see employed here at the University of Kansas. Well, of course your own Department of Physieal Education recognizes golf and gives credit for elementary and ad- Allen Oatman Allen wii vanced golf courses. Golf is a sport that can be played with proficiency by both sexes, and from the ages of 10 @ 70. In this respect it probably is one of the widest and longest lasting ficlds of play of any athletic game. In addition, it has the longest carry-over of any game. Personally, I think the game ef golf should be given more emphasis at the University of Kansas, much as it has been in some of the other leading universities of the nation. Well, Glenn, I find myself going along with you one hundred percent 80 fiir as your and my desire is concerned with regard to golf participation here at the University. But the peculiar topography of Mount Oread does not lend to an enlargement of our golf course, even to nine holes. But I will let you in on a little secret. For years now I have been dreaming. about an eighteen-hole golf course for the University but it cannot be on the campus. I envisage @ University of Kansas golf course with play fields for tennis and gtr eports with a club house similar to the Country Club. This may be five miles from Lawrence, but the time is coming when such a play field and golf course will be a part of the University. There are many people who believe that it is just as intelligent to endow such a play field for the students of the University of Kansas as it is to give a much-needed building. And I am working very definitely on that project. In your lifetime and mine we will see such a thing come to pass. The students will leave the campus and go out to this play field to re- create themselves physically, just as they train their minds under their instructors here on the campus. This will be an integral part of their education, Well, I am certainly glad to learn that, Doc. And that plan has already been carried out at Iowa State College. But of course they have ample acres adjacent to the college campus which has made it possible. At present they have one of the finest ecighteen-hole courses in Iowa. It was laid out by Perry Maxwell, the same golf architect who laid eut the new 18-hole course at the Lawrence Country Club. Next year's Big Six golf championship will be decided on that course. Getting back to the benefits from golf to the average student, I would like to make this observation, Since I am a booster for golf--that golf's emphasis on grace, coordination, headwork and self-contrel, rather than on speed, power and wéight, fit it properly into a broad and helpful educational program. I also heartily agree with that, Glenn, that point is what we brought out in the early part of our discussion regard- ing your handicap of under-poundage, which ordinarily would render you less liable to make a varsity letter in the sports of football or basketball, but which did not handicap you when it came to this grand old Sco#eh game of golf. And golf is on the increase everywhere. It is & pleasurable activity in which gentility and sportsmanship - can reach their highést peak. Where father, mother, sister, and brother can improve their health, happiness, longevity and appetite in a congenial foursome in God's great out of -5= doors. Someono has said that golf takes most of the mean- ness out of you, yet leaves you with enough to make you still realize that you are human.