2 Friday, March 16, 1973 University Daily Kansan Nixon. Senate WASHINGTON—President Nixon challenged the Senate Thursday to a Supreme Court fight over his refusal to let an aide testify at the confirmation hearing of L. Patrick Gray III as director of the FBI. Nixon vowed that "members of the White House will not appear before a committee of Congress in any formal session." Several Democratic members of the Senate did so, and Committee have failed to dismiss Gray's nomination unless Nixon's legal counsel, John Dean III, answers questions about exchanges he had with the FBI concerning the Watergate bugging scandal. Truce Violation SAIGON—Hanoi charged Thursday that U.S. reconnaissance planes flew over North Vietnam on Monday and Tuesday, and called the flights "blunt violations" of the Vietnamese peace agreement. It was a rare occasion for a US commander, 47 days the cease-fire has been in effect. The U.S. Military Command declined comment on the allegations, but other American sources acknowledged it was possible that American planes had "gotten in too close." They also accused the allegations be checked and confirmed; corrective action would be taken. Canal Zone PANAMA-Brig. Gen. Omar Torjos, saying Panama does not want to become another star in the U.S. flag, called for world support Thursday in helping this republic assume control of the Canal Zone. The Panamanian strong man made the appeal American meeting session of the special Latin-American meeting here of the U.N. Security Council. Torrije took over after a National Guard coup against the newly elected government in 1986. Publishing Ban MOSCOW-A new Kremlin Law made public Thursday could sharply restrict publication in the West of works by Russian authors, and the authorities seem aimed at stopping publication abroad of "samizdat" works critical of the regime. Samizdat, which means self-published, circulates clandestinely in typewritten materials. It will reach the West and are published there. Manuel Fierro TOPEKA—Manuel Fierro, executive director of the Kansas Institute for Minority Empowerment here the past year and a frequent center of controversy, is going to Washington to lead a national lobbying effort for Spanish-speaking and Spanish-surnamed Americans. Besides leading the Kansas Institute for Minority Empowerment, he has been on the faculty of the school of social welfare at the University of Kansas. The appointment of Fierro, 30, to lead the group was announced Thursday. Gould Denies Aiding in Bombing By BOB MARCOTTE Kansan Staff Writer Randolph Gould testified Thursday before a jury in Division II of Douglas County District Court that he did not participate in the May 14, 1970, bombing of the residence of Dan Young, a former Douglas County attorney. Gould, charged with possession of an explosive, aiding and abetting a bombing, entered the house under oath the state's accusation that he accompanied Arnold Stead to Young's home and kept watch from the other side of the house. While Stead threw a pipebomb at the house. Stead is now serving a federal sentence in connection with the same incident. Under cross-examination from Douglas Under attorney Dave Berkowitz, the chief prosecutor, Gould stated that he did not know Stead was coming to Lawrence on the day of the bombing, that he did not know, at that time, when Dan Young lived and that he would be using for Young's prosecutions of black militants and student activists in Lawrence. "I have never advocated the destruction of property for any reason." Gould said. In addition, the defense presented five witnesses, including Gould's former girl friend, who testified that Gould was at a party with friends at the time of the bombs. Two other defense witnesses testified that they saw only one person fleeing the scene of the explosion. One of the witnesses, who said he was familiar with Gould's appearance at that time, stated with "great certainty" that the fleeing individual was not Gould. The Land Owners Association said the first step in land development would be the establishment of new roads to replace roads that have been closed by construction in the lake area. The land owners said the Army Corps Engineers had failed to provide an access road to replace Clinton Road, which will be blocked by the construction of the dam early this summer. As a result, residents will have to drive miles out of their way on poorly maintained county roads, owners said. Earlier in the day, Judge James Paddock denied a motion by Ron Clark, chief defense lawyer, that the court issue a directed motion in Gould's favor on the grounds that the prosecution had presented insufficient evidence to prove its case against Gould. The Corps contended that its jurisdiction extended only to roads in the construction areas and that the responsibility for building new thoroughfares lay with the county. Paddock ruled that it was not the court's duty to issue a verdict and that the jury would have to weigh the testimony of Stead, the prosecution's chief witness, who testified Wednesday that he and Gould had worked and executed the bombing together. The trial was recessed at 3:25 p.m. following testimony of the last witness for the defense. Judge Padlock announced that the court would revconvene to 9:30 a.m. today for instructions and arguments before the trial is turned over to the jury. Residents of Clinton who live on large tracts of land said they were worried that the city's budget would be cut. VVAW Plans Protest To Support AIM Group Prof Says China Future Uncertain A rally planned for 2 p.m. today in front of Strong Hall by the Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VWAW) is one of several actions taken by local groups to show support of the Indians at Wounded Knee, S.D. By JEFFREY STINSON The national VVAW and other groups such as the American Indian Movement (AIM) are planning a rally Saturday at Mount Rushmore, S.D., where either Daniel 3y JEFFREY STINSON Kansan Staff Writer The League supported planned growth of residential areas and the maintenance of a neighborhood atmosphere. It also said commercial deals could best be satisfied by existing facilities rather than by establishing additional businesses. China is now entering a new era, but the direction in which she is presently moving is unclear. Lucian W. Pye, professor of political science and senior staff member of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said Thursday night. Pye, who visited China for 26 days in December and January, addressed an audience of about 75 in the Forum Room of the Beijing University of Technology Peta Beta Kappa Visiting Scholar Program. China is perceiving an international threat from Russia and is in a high state of The Citizen's Coalition for Clinton met with the Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Commission Thursday night to discuss the site of a proposed community surrounding the site of Clinton Reservoir. Members of the coalition present at the meeting, representing the League of Women Voters, Clinton Lake Land Owners Association, and the Sierra Club, presented opinions concerning the development of private land surrounding the lake. The League of Women Voters stressed protection and maintenance of the environs where their votes are preserved and recommended that roads should not be constructed through areas that have been designated primitive areas in the steering committee of the Clinton Coalition. Development of Land At Clinton Discussed would cause a subdivision of their land. The conflict between agricultural and residential zoning will pressure them into dividing their underdeveloped land, they said. The growth of surrounding residential areas forces the land owner to make improvements he can not afford, and he is forced to subdivide his property, residents live in the area at lakes Ferry and Pomona have resided in a loss of property value, they said. Expressing the viewpoint of the Sierra Club, Ken Richards asserted a need for buffering zones between primitive areas and public facilities. Buffering zones, acted upon by a number of actions, enforced the obtrusive effect of walking on the wilderness into a conestake parking lot. "We want to make this the best recreational lake in Kansas and the U.S. by a dam sight," said Barkley Clark, of the College-Douglas County Planning Commission. He supported flexibility in zoning to prevent lots of "postage stamp" size. The commission has frozen all zoning to avoid high density population areas, he said. Hare and Hare Corp. of Kansas City, Mo., has been called in to assist in planning an expansion project in a valley. Through the use of overlay maps, which accurately project rock outcrops, flood plain areas, woods and historical buildings, the area can be objectively evaluated. The meeting ended with discrepancies unsettled. The farmers living in the Clinton area indicated they thought they were not interested in the county commission. They said they thought the city overpowered the county and their interest could better be served by a division of the city-county planning commission into a city committee and a county planning committee. Student Load Requirement Vague Kansan Staff Writer Some University of Kansas students may find that they do not meet one or both of the two requirements for being an official full-time student. The first is a state requirement used to compute funds for the University. It requires that undergraduate students enroll in the program at least two hours to be considered full-time students. By EMJI.Y BRELAND The formula used to compute funding is based on the total number of hours taken by students and divided by 15. The state then calculates the resulting number of full-time students, student have his dean's permission to take less than the minimum hour requirement. Although the most common minimum hour is 6, many of the courses, the number varies among the schools. Lee Young, associate dean of the School of Journalism, said, "There's no magic in it. Each school has to make its own justification. The only reason we use it is for applauding the dean's honor roll. Other than that, we see no reason to be concerned with it." Young said the School of Journalism never told a student he had to take a certain job. The second requirement is decided by each school at KU based on what is considered a full-time course load for that school. Most schools at KU require that Capps said that roughly estimated, only 10 per cent or less of the students in the School of Education took fewer than 12 hours, but the minimum hour requirement helped to determine the honor roll and staff rates for graduate assistants. According to Jerry Lewis, director of Centennial College, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences has had a 14-hour minimum requirement at least since 1987. not to force students to take a 12 hour minimum, but to encourage them to take their own choices. or Philip Berrigan is expected to speak, according to Marla Watson, Kansas City. Kan, senior regional secretary of VVAW. At the rally here, the VVAW will try to gather supplies needed by the Indians at Wounded Knee, she said. The School of Education also requires a minimum of 12 hours. In lieu, Cupps, associate dean, death. "Each student coming into the School of Liberal Arts and Sciences must take a minimum of 14 hours a semester in order to be a full-time student." Lewis said. Applications for seniors and graduate students interested in initiating and conducting research are now available, Jerry Lewis, associate chair of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, said Tuesday. The applications can be submitted to Strong Hall or at 200 Ellsworth Hall. Applicants for LA&S Teacher Must Want More Than Money "Only students who have serious intentions of making college teaching their life goal, or have some specific expertise qualifications should apply," Lewis said. "We are interested in students who seriously want to teach something worthwhile, not those who are interested in the money." William Lucas, associate dean of the School of Architecture and Urban Design, said his school required a student to take a minimum of 14 hours each semester. The applications will be reviewed on the basis of format and qualifications by the Governing Board of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. Twenty of the 30 LA&S courses currently offered are taught by seniors or graduate students. This minimum is strictly enforced because the school's curriculum was structured and courses were closely coordinated, he said. It was generally concluded by the deans that the majority of most students taking less than the required minimum of hours were graduating seniors who need less than ten months to graduate and students who must work while attending the University. The deadline for applications is April 16, and decisions will be announced about one month later. Lucas said that because the school offered packages of courses which built on each other, it was to the student's benefit to take the required number of hours. This year, instructors have been paid $400 a semester. LOS ANGELES (AP) -Theodore Sorensen, former special counsel to President John F. Kennedy, testified Thursday that release of a volume of the Pentagon papers could not have hurt the United States in 1989 because it told of a long-abandoned plan for withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam. on the application, Lewis said. Interested students must find a faculty sponsor and outline the format of the course The School of Engineering is apparently the only school at KU without any minimum requirement according to Donald Metzler, associate dean. However, a student must be enrolled in a course suitable for the honor roll, except in cases where the student is a graduating senior. confusion at home, he said. "We will generally allow a student to drop below the 14-hour requirement if he presents a good reason for doing it," Lucas said. Pye said that the Russian threat probably had prompted China to seek relations with the United States at the same time. The states had been seeking relations with her. "The they would have done better to talk of the political apparatus and organization on that issue." "The higher in the cadre of officials, the more they spoke about the Soviet threat," Ex-Counsel Testifies Education became popular and spread to all economic levels, he explained, but the less culturally advantaged peasant child was better positioned for a college education increased. Pye said that immediately before the Chinese Cultural Revolution in the 1960s a percentage of children from peasant attending the universities than in 1935. He said there was a contradiction China's opportunities national policy and the in-foreign policy. "The Chinese show no hint of ambition, but savvy only. "I want to serve the state." Pye, who was born and reared in China, said that he had lost memories of Peking "I went looking for much of the old, and I found much of the old," he said. "It was a sorry thing to see what were once some of the greatest universities in the world with their older professors sitting around and not teaching. He said that there were mysteries in the economy that baffled him but that the society was more economically egalitarian than before. "The elementary schools through the middle years were very impressive," he said, "but the universities were quite depressing. "A pecking order still exists," he said, "but it is no longer on economic terms." Status is now determined by the political and administrative hierarchy. A Haskell Indian Junior College student said that both hawkell and VVAW groups would leave from Hawkell at 6:30 tonight for Garfield Park in Topeka for a dance until 11 p.m., when they will leave for Mount Rushmore. Pye said that the Chinese were beginning to lack problems of population, education and infrastructure. He indicated that since the Cultural Revolution the number of peasant children in China was greatly increased. "They did not act as a country under siege, and there was an atmosphere of hostility." Despite the war talk, life was not hectic, Pye said. Arnold Air Society Initiates 19 The Arnold Air Society, an honorary organization for Air Force ROTC, initiated the Arnold Air Society. junior; and Robert Watridge, Topeka sophomore. The new members are David Akeman, Slater, Mo., freshman; Morgan Bailey, Concordia freshman; Lonnie Bruce, McPherson senior; Rob Burch, Summa Creek freshman; Robert Burch, Summa Creek freshman; Denise Deronde, Newton, Iowa, freshman; Charles Dumontier, Oallon, Mo., sophomore; Dave Miller, Lawrence sophomore; Mike Morris, Wayne, N.J.; Rick Ophmeh, Rick Ophmeh, Liberal freshman; Jim Paddock, Lawrence sophomore; Dave Patton, Independence, Mo.; senior, Lyda Paver, Dover, N.H., freshman; John Rohrer, Rohrer, N.H., freshman; Winfield freshman; Thomas Verhage, Lawrence sophomore; Dan Wakely, Topeka Engineering students may sign up in 111 Marvin Hall for job interviews with these companies: Cessna Aircraft Co, Tuesday; April 3; Gas Service Co, Tuesday; April 3; of Transportation, Thursday; April 5; and Intel Corporation, Friday. April 6. Be Prepared! tune-ups starting service Lawrence, Kansas 66044 2434 Iowa VI 2-1008 The statement says, "The Committee on Indian Affairs feels that historically Indian people have always resisted the federal government's attempt to deny our rights and steal our land. Our efforts have gone unnoticed due to the American people's willingness to accept a historical mythology of oppression in the name of justice." At a meeting Wednesday night, the Committee on Indian Affairs at KU wrote a statement supporting the issues and efforts of their people at Wounded Knee and pledging beneficial aid from other organized groups on campus. Rope soles for the Summer are Super. Famolare makes the look in Tie or Strap They come in Reds, Blues, Whites; All for you-Now Try at Least One Pair Today- Eight Thirty-Seven Massachusetts Street Bluegrass! Bluegrass! Bluegrass! 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