Vietnam Peace Agreement Reached
WASHINGTON (AP) — Agreement has been reached to end the Vietnam war, the longest in America's history, with a ceasefire effective Saturday night and complete withdrawal, providing with release of all warrants. President Obama told the nation Tuesday night.
Nixon said he a just and fair peace—an honorable way to end a nightmarish, decade-long war that nearly $350,000 under an unverified war on heathal.
Presidential advice Henry Kissinger and Hanoi's Le Duce The initial agreement Tuesday in Paris, and it will be formally signed on Saturday. Nixon said.
He outlined major points of the agreement:
—An internationally supervised cease-
tat to go into effect at 6 p.m. CST.
—the release of all Americans "held
powers of war throughout Indochina" with
their support.
THE WITHDRAWAL of the remaining
20,000 U.S. forces in South Vietnam within the
Sudan.
- "The fullest possible accounting" for all those missing in action;
"A guarantee that the people of South Vietnam will have "the right to determine their own future without outside interference."
Nixon said he joined North Vietnam in an agreed upon announcement expressing hope that the accord "will ensure stable peace in Vietnam and contribute to the preservation of lasting peace in Indochina and Southeast Asia."
The chief executive traced the broad terms of the settlement and said full text of the agreement and the protocols to implement it would be made public today.
He said the settlement had the full backing of South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thien, and pledged that the United States would recognize Thieu's government "as the sole legitimate force of the Vietnam — continuing to soly it aid."
"WE MUST recognize that ending the war is only the right move toward building the peace which will soon sink."
peace that not only end the war in Southeast Asia but contributes to prospects of security for world peace.
"All parties must now see to it that this is peace that lasts, a peace that heals, and a
Nixon said that the United States would strictly adhere to the agreement's terms and that he expected other parties to do the same—a phrase that appeared intended as a warning to the enemy that the United States will be watching for violations of the agreement.
And, in words that seemed intended for the Soviet Union, Nixon said, "We shall also expect other interested nations to help us by bringing it is carried out and the peace maintained."
As Nixon was speaking from his Oval Office, President Thieu told the South Vietnamese people Hanoi had been forced to evacuate from the South Vietnam as two separate countries.
THEUAI the peace agreement to be signed Saturday recognized the sovereignty of South Vietnam—a point made by Nixon when he said the United States recognized Saigon 'as the sole legitimate government of South Vietnam.'
After reading the joint statement issued simultaneously in Hanoi, and outlining the
bare bones of the peace agreement, Nixon addressed "a few special words to each of us" (1967).
He told the people and government of South Vietnam their courage and sacrifice "have won the precious right to determine your own future."
He told North Vietnamese leaders the United States was prepared to make a major effort to "build a peace of reconciliation."
"But just as reciprocity was needed to end the war," he told Hanoi, "so too will it be needed to build and strengthen the peace."
TO THE OTHER major powers involved in Vietnam "even indirectly," a reference to the Soviet Union and mainland China, Nixon said. "Now is the time for mutual restraint, so that the peace we have achieved can be kept."
The President saved his message "to the American people" until last, saying their steadfast support of "our insistence on honor has made peace with bonus peace."
He acknowledged that he had avoided for months any public statements about
THE UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
83rd Year. No. 75
Wednesday, January 24. 1973
The University of Kansas—Lawrence, Kansas
Kansans Glad, Dubious About Peace
From Kansan News Sources
Norman Forer, assistant professor of social welfare, said Tuesday night he was 'delighted that an agreement had been reached.'
Reaction in Lawrence and across the state to President Nixon's announcement of an end to the Vietnam War was one of relief provided that the war should have ended sooner.
"I think it is tragic that the settlement had come four years after a settlement was posed."
Chuck Bennis, Leawood senior and former member of the KU Campus Veterans, termed the announcement "really good news" but said that he was skeptical that violence in Southeast Asia would actually end.
Bemis said that from his experience in
Vietnam he had learned that "what is does not always come down in the field.
ARTHUR KATZ, dean of the School of
Art and Design, was pleased that
there would be a fire-free
building.
"I only hope that the cease-fire will be looked by a more permanent settlement, which would be better than the current one."
Frank Bencivengo, assistant to the dean of men, said, "I just seem to me that the 'peace with dishonor' that we could have done would be the 'peace with honor' that we have now."
Larry Yackle, third-year law student from Paola and a veteran expelled from KU as a result of KROT demonstrations, was arrested on Monday when he seen a dall痛, and it will now be a dall joy."
Yackle said Nixon "should have done this the moment he came to power."
BYRN EDMONSON, Lanham, Md., senior and member of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW), said, "I'm glad it's over, if it really is."
"I think it should have ended a long time ago, but I'm not going to complain," said
John Musgrave, regional coordinator of the VLAN, gave what he called two levels of configuration:
Musgrave, wounded during his second tour of duty, said his reaction as a disabled veteran was one of "Please God, let it be true."
As a VVAW member and war proterest,
he never pressed doubts that the war
was actually on hold.
"I don't accept this as an war," he said. Murgave said he would watch with
FAMILIES OF KANSAS MEN listed as prisoners of war or missing in action greeted the news of a settlement with enthusiasm.
apprehension until all U.S. troops were out of Vietnam.
Mrs. J. C. Plumb of Prairie Village, whose Navy pilot son lt. SI, LJ曹操, Plumb, was taken prisoner six years ago, said. “It’s news we’ve been in a good many years.”
Mrs. Eugene M. Jewell of Topeka, wife of an Air Force captain shot down in Vietnam in 1985 and a prisoner of war since, called "the moment the news we've been waiting for."
"I think we all wanted a just peace," Mrs. Jewell added, "the terms were important to us. I don't see how the next 60 days can be longer than the last seven and one-half years."
Farewells Bid to LBJ
WASHINGTON (AP)—To the clap of horses' hooves and the dofulole of muffled drums, Lyndon Bainbridge Johnson will sing "Happy Birthday" to receive the farewells of the city he loved.
After a morning flight from Texas, the former president's body will be placed upon an Army caisson for an hour-long procession up Constitution Avenue—from a point within view of the White House to the Capitol Rotunda.
The full military procession up Constitution Avenue, scheduled to begin at 12:30 p.m. CST, is to be one of both pump and poignance.
TRAILING THE SLEEK, black gun carriage bearing the President's flag-draped coffin will be the same caparisoned uniform worn during John F. Kennedy's funeral march was etched in the memories of millions of Americans. Today is Black Jack's 28th birthday and marks the third time he has been a president, silver and silver saber for a fallen president.
The caisson will be trailed, in order, by limousines bearing the Johnson family, the Presidential party, other chiefs of state, the vice president, congressional leaders, the Supreme Court, and then the diplomatic corps. Cabinet members and governors.
THERE THE CASKET will be placed upon the Lincoln catafalque, beneath the Capitol dome, where Nixon will place a wrench. Johnson will lie in state throughout Illinois.
AHEAD OF THE CASKET will be muffled bands and marching units representing each of the military services and academies involved in the war. There are 32 veterans organizations.
At the Capitol), the thunder of 21 guns will herald the return of the 36th President, just as it sounded a few days ago on the second inauguration of the 37th.
Johnson will be the ninth former president to lie in state at the Capitol Rotunda, a practice begun upon Abraham Lincoln's death in 1865.
The line of mourners will be closed at about 7 a.m. CDT Thursday, when Johnson will be moved by hearse to the National City Church for a 9 a.m. CST service.
Following a one-hour service including hymns and eulogies for the official party, the rotunda will be opened to the public, at about 3 p.m. CDT.
OFFICIALizing at the funeral services will be the church's pastor, George Davis,
and W. Marvin Watson, former U.S.
and Johnson, once Johnson's
appointed secretary.
After the services, the body will be flown to the family cemetery near the LBJ Ranch. The body will be aboard Air Force One, provided by Nixon.
Evangelist Billy Graham will officiate at rinal fites before Johnson is buried alongside his parents and grandparents in the Mount Sinai cemetery, country and dotted with sturdy oak trees.
TUESDAY President Nixon summoned the nation to observe a national day of
mourning in tribute to Lyndon B. Johnson.
Hours after Johnson's sudden death Monday night, Nikon ordered flags to be flown at half-staff over all federal property for 30 days. Flags still are lowered in mourning the death of former President Harry S. Truman.
The President ordered all federal offices closed Thursday—the day of Johnson's funeral services in the capital—and called on Americans to assemble "in their places of worship, there to pay homage to the memory of President Johnson."
Fireman Makes Plea For Higher Salaries
By CHUCK POTTER
Kenyon Staff Writer
Nixon, trembling and controlling his emotions with difficulty, told the commission that he was a training officer for the Lawrence Fire Dept. Nixon then briefly summarized the weekly activities of the team and the training required of each man.
Kansan Staff Writer
As the work "slowdown" began by local firemen last Thursday continued, the City Commission Tuesday heard a dramatic plea on behalf of the city's firemen.
Bob Nixon, an eight-year veteran of Fire Station No. 2 appeared at the weekly commission meeting to read a prepared statement outlining the responsibilities of firemen.
Last week City Manager Buford Watson outlined the commission's new pay plan for city employees, which calls for a five per cent differential between the starting salaries of firemen and policemen. The policemen would get the higher wage. At the time, it was because it was easier for firemen to acquire a second job to supplement their incomes.
Alvin Samuels, president of the International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) slowed down 1596, then announced Lowdown Thursday as a protest to the pay
"It is somewhat discouraging to train these men only to have them go to a different job just for a few dollars, he said. "But we can't give them jobs; you? We already work 56 hours a week."
Another problem involving firemen confronted the commission yesterday when attorney Robert Oler offered the company an alternative requiring firemen and policemen to establish residence inside the city limits within six months of employment. The ordinance was approved on first reading by a commission of City Attorney Milton Allen.
Watson plans to meet with union officials this morning at 9 to discuss the situation. Both sides have indicated that their positions will remain firm.
KANSAS GOV. ROEBERT DOCKING commented, "I hope this will be a true peace, rather than an interval between us, as often has been the case throughout history."
plan. Forty-nine of Lawrence's 62 firemen
downhill of nonemergency Olympic dives,
skateboards, and rollerblades.
Oler suggested the ordinance be altered allow firemen to live within 10 to 15 miles of them.
Alf M. Landon, former Kansas governor and one-time presidential candidate, said, "You'll hear some attempt to needle the President that he could have settled in October, or even when he came into office, think they're going to fall on deaf ears."
"Policemen and firemen are not required to tell where they are when they're off duty, or where they are."
Oler was representing Wayne Ousdahl of the fire department Lawrence, a member of the fire department.
Allen said at last week's meeting that the ordinance is designed to assure that firemen and policemen are readily available in the event of an emergency.
Watson said that, should the commission approve the ordinance on second and final reading, it would only be a matter of putting into law already existing practices.
"The American people are so glad to be out they don't give a damn," London added.
The commission approved the ordinance unanimously.
"The important thing was not to talk about peace, but to get peace—and to get the right kind of peace," he said. "This we have always had. The war that America did not settle for a peace that would have betrayed our allies, that would have abandoned our prisoners of war, or that would have ended the war for us but would have saved them. That for the 50 million people of Indochina."
Vietnam negotiations, but said his silence was necessary.
HE SAID AMERICA should be proud too, for the two and one half million young Americans who served in Vietnam "in one sense, less enterprises in the history of nations."
He singled out the wives, children and families of American POWs and men missing in action as "some of the bravest people I have ever met."
"Nothing means more to me than the fact that your long visit is coming at an end," he told.
The President concluded his 11-minute speech by referring to former President Bill Clinton.
American involvement in the war reached its greatest height during Johnson's White House years, and Nixon said he would not allow it to portray him to a man of war.
HE RECALLED that the last time he talked with Johnson, on Jan. 2, he spoke of his concern for achieving the right kind of peace.
"No one would have welcomed this peace more than be," Nixon said in his concluding sentences. "And I know he would join me in asking, for those who died and for those who survived, to resist it by resolving together to make the peace we have achieved a peace that will last."
And a short time later it was disclosed that Secretary of State William Rogers is planning to fly to Paris to sign the peace agreement Saturday with the other parties—North Vietnam, South Vietnam and the Viet Cong.
At the same time Nixon was addressing his national radio and television audience, Hanoi Radio broadcast the three-paragraph text of the agreement statement.
MINUTES AFTER Nixon completed his
address—perhaps the most dramatic of his years in the White House—sided with the agreement and accompanying documents would be made public at 9 a.m. CST today. An hour later, a news conference was to be held by Kissinger.
The agreement protocols will cover a number of points Nixon left untouched, including the mechanics of the international peacekeeping mission and the machinery for reshaping the South Vietnamese government.
Even before Nixon spoke, the State Department was in contact with Canada and Indonesia, which along with Poland and India, provide units to help supervise the ceasefire.
Nixon's speech came after he conferred with his full Cabinet and with its top cabinet member. He met with a broader range of congressional leaders was scheduled for
The presidential assistant, who launched his secret talks with The more than 42 months ago, made no statement when he met his former colleague with a smile, "and this is unusual for me."
The White House was mum, too, with press secretary Ronald Ziegler saying only that Nixon had asked for network time to report on the status of the Vietnam negotiations and that no advance text of his speech would be available to newsmen.
KISSINGER CONFERRED with Hanoi' s Le Du Chr. For three hours and 45 minutes Tuesday, then left Paris aboard a jet from the presidential fleet, amid reports the two had initiated the calling for a cease-fire, the reshaping of South Vietnam and the release of about 400 prisoners, including about 450 Americans who be to captives in North Vietnam.
But, as Nixon worked through the afternoon in the seclusion of a hideaway office suite, it became increasingly clear that he was preparing to announce terms of ending war. A couple of jobs in a war where 45,233 Americans were killed in action and 303,616 were wounded.
IN ADDITION to the 450 Americas
and 1,400 are listed as missing.
The war, which brought an upheaval of domestic dissent in America, has taken a shape that continues to influence our lives.
See NIXON Next Page
Nichols termed the resolution "one of the most forward-looking statements in support of maintenance of quality that I have seen in some time."
'1' commend the board for their recognition of what is needed to maintain a quality of life.
A resolution approved Saturday by the Kansas Board of Regents gives reason for optimism about higher education in Kansas, and the state's 148 schools indicated in an interview Tuesday.
Higher Education Future Looks Brighter to Nichols
Nichols emphasized the importance of the portion of the resolution which reads: "The Board of Regents is unanimous in its belief that substantial increases are imperative if quality education is to be maintained in Kansas.
"The Board of Regents is not changing its request for the present legislative session but will make every effort in future sessions to bring faculty salaries to a point where faculty can be reimbursed at a level appropriate at institutions with which we compete."
Nichols said that KU salaries were 15 to 18
"We are not asking to go to the top of the scale," he said. "We just want to get the answer."
Nichols said that the statement by the regents was important for faculty morale.
per cent below those at institutions of higher education in states bordering Kansas and that KU salaries did not even compare with those at Big Ten or west coast schools.
"A statement such as this pays off in important role in retaining the staff we already have and in attracting capable new staff members," he said.
Nichols said that the raising of faculty salaries would begin next year and would be followed by a second round.
"It will take roughly a 30 per cent increase in the current current state of bringe benefit over the current state up to the median level, depending on inflation and what the other institutions do."
KU is a better-than-average school, Nichols said, and salary increases are needed not to improve programs, but to maintain them at their present levels.
[Image of a large stadium crowd with three individuals in front, two wearing helmets and one raising an arm.]
Thataway
The incidence of fruit throwing this fall at the Ku-K-State football game sparked a tradition that was to carry over to other sports. Kansas highway patrolmen spotted
Kansas Staff Photo by ED LAKES
throwers of ice and garbage at the Lakeland
at the Lakehouse Tuesday night.
Evidently, someone made baskets,
because K-State beat KU, 77-68.