Herter Appeals to Allies For 'Real Community'
PARIS — (UPI) — Former Secretary of State Christian A. Herter appealed to the United States and its allies today to create a "real community" of Atlantic nations.
He said the maintenance of world peace depends more and more on the establishment of such a close-knit community in political, economic and cultural fields
HERTER ADDRESSED nearly 100 prominent private citizens from 15 NATO countries gathered here for a two-week brainstorming session on strengthening the alliance. The meeting is known as the Atlantic Convention of NATO Nations and all the delegates were named by their governments.
Herter, in a speech prepared for the opening session, said the allies should fulfill their destiny of greater unity whether Soviet hostility waxes or wanes.
"Until our nations put behind them the illusion that purely consultative relations are adequate in the nuclear era, real political progress will be blocked," Herter declared.
"I am confident this illusion is fading and we are witnessing not the possible end of Western Civilization but the growing pains of its youth.
HERTER CALLED for these practical steps toward greater Atlantic unity:
Adaptation by all NATO countries of their economies to the fast developing European Common Market; "all who support the Atlantic community should accept sacrifices while receiving the benefits"
—Development of joint NATO control over nuclear weapons with multi-lateral ownership, financing and control; a substantial increase in mobile conventional forces as expressed at the NATO council of ministers meeting in December.
—Strengthening of NATO ties on all levels —political,military,economic and cultural.
—Measures to achieve Atlantic unity should not prejudice developing unity among any smaller group of states within the community.
HERTER SAID that while the ultimate political framework of the Atlantic community cannot now be foreseen, no approach should be ruled out, no matter how ambitious.
A conference spokesman described the gathering as a "strike force" of the movement for Atlantic unity.
Among the proposals on the agenda was one to establish an Atlantic assembly or parliamentary body.
Another called for a change in NATO rules so that decisions of the NATO council would be taken by a weighted majority instead of by the present unanimous voting system.
Foreign Exchange Program Will Remain 3-Study Area
KU will not attempt to expand its developing university-to-university foreign exchange programs beyond its present three study areas, Chancellor W. Clarke Wescoe said Friday.
"The area study programs at KU (East-Asian, Soviet-Slavic and Latin American) are as much as the University can hope to handle," he told members of the International Club. He was discussing "The University of Kansas in International Affairs."
"NO UNIVERSITY can extend its exchange programs beyond three areas" he said. "It would put too much of a strain on faculties and library facilities already overtaxed by international responsibility."
The Chancellor said different universities in the Big 8 area would team their efforts in exchange programs rather than have each school to support burdensome programs.
Seniors to Present Recital Wednesday
Two seniors will give a recital at 8 p.m. Wednesday in Swarthout Recital Hall.
Ann Johnson, Parsons, the first oboist in KU's University Symphony and Little Symphony, will play Sonata No. 6 by Loeillet and Phantasy for Oboe and String by Benjamin Britten. Leanna Czincoll, Chapman, pianist, will perform works by Bach, Brahms and Hindemith.
“An example of this,” he said, “is the fact that Kansas State and the University of Missouri each have extensive Indian exchange programs. Also, Nebraska is concentrating on a Sub-Sahara African Area program.
TURNING TO the university-to-university exchange concept, the Chancellor said wholesale exchanges of students, faculty and staff members between universities provide a continuity of effect benefiting the university as well as the student.
"In such exchange programs, (university-to-university) students who have participated in the program are able to inform students who are going to that country next about what to expect and who to come into contact with."
HE SAID the same "feedback" principle also applied to faculty and staff members.
Again mentioning the Costa Rican program, Chancellor Wescoe said this program was unique and has attracted attention throughout the United States university community.
"This program will soon be emulated by other universities," Chancellor Wescoe said.
59th Year, No. 65
Daily Hansan
LAWRENCE. KANSAS
Sukarno Assassination Attempt Blamed on Dutch
Monday, Jan. 8, 1962
JAKARTA — (UPI) — Angry Indonesians today denounced an attempted assassination of President Sukarno as a Dutch plot to break the spirit of the people.
The incident intensified the bitterness in the dispute with the Netherlands over West Irian (Dutch New Guinea) which Sukarno has pledged to take by force if necessary.
THE GOVERNMENT said three persons, including a child, were killed and 28 persons were injured when a hand grenade burst 150 yards behind Sukarno's car last night as the President drove to an auditorium for an anti-Dutch speech in the Ce-
He said members should bring their membership cards.
YAF to Hold Election Of Officers Tomorrow
Greek Hero Topic Of Humanities Talk
Marick Payton, Lawrence resident and temporary chairman, said the group will elect permanent officers. He said the constitution committee appointed at the last meeting will propose a constitution for adoption.
The KU chapter of the Young Americans for Freedom (YAF) will meet at 7:30 p.m. tomorrow in Parlor A of the Kansas Union.
"A Forgotten Hero — Development and Decay of a Greek Myth" is the title of the Humanities Series lecture to be presented at 8 p.m. tomorrow in Fraser Hall by Mary A. Grant, emerita associate professor of Latin and Greek.
Miss Grant has not identified the Greek hero other than to indicate he was a foremost warrior in the ancient civilization's mythology and a god who greatly influenced Greek youth.
Miss Grant has been selected this year as the sole KU scholar to lecture in the Humanities Series. She retired last year after 39 years as a faculty member.
Miss Grant is the author of numerous articles in classical literature. The University of Kansas Press last year published a book by Miss Grant, "The Myths of Hyginus." The lecture is open to the public.
lebes city of Makassar. Sukarno escaped unharmed.
The speech concluded Sukarno's four-day tour of the Celebes to whip up war fever in his campaign to wrest control of West Irian from the Dutch.
None of the correspondents accompanying the 60-year-old President in Makassar saw or heard the grenade blast and did not learn of it until later from a government spokesman. It was the third attempt on Sukarno's life since 1957.
ARMY SPOKESMAN COL. Jusuf announced the arrest of several persons whom he identified as Dutch agents. He declined to say whether the actual thrower of the grenade was in custody.
Jusuf said, "all the evidence is in our hands." He said that "hand-langers" were responsible. (Hand-langer is a local term for Dutch agent.)
"The incident was designed to break the spirit of the Indonesian people." Jusuf said.
"HERE IS AN EXAMPLE of the cruelties and immorality of imperialists and colonialists who want to keep on and maintain greatness in their colony," the spokesman said.
He said reconstruction of "the crime" was examined by Lt. Col. Sabur, vice chairman of the supreme war council and aide-de-camp to Sukarno.
Jusuf's words fell on a nation already brought to a feverish pitch by weeks of attacks on the Netherlands by Sukarno, who last month issued his "final command" to his countrymen to liberate West Irian.
THE NETHERLANDS has offered to negotiate without prior conditions on the future of the territory, but
Sukarno has demanded a guarantee that the Dutch will hand over administration of West Irian before he will go to the conference table.
Ten foreign ambassadors and 13 Indonesian ministers were in Sukarno's motorcade when the grenade exploded. None was hurt. U.S. Ambassador Howard Jones had entered the auditorium before the blast.
Makassar was the major stronghold of a revolt that broke out against Sukarno's government in 1958. Troops of the anti-government Mohammed Darul-Islam organization still are believed to be at large in the area.
THE CELEBES IS the nearest big island to New Guinea, although they are separated by 1,000 miles of sea. Presumably any Indonesian invasion would be launched from there.
In a previous speech at Bonhain, Sukarno said Indonesia wanted to avoid bloodshed but will send "thousands and thousands" of boats to invade the territory unless the Dutch get out.
Sukarno, obviously edgy after the explosion last night, went on with his scheduled address and again ripped into the Netherlands for its refusal to hand over West Irian. He heaped sarcasm on the Dutch proposal to grant the Papuan natives self-determination.
Weather
Turning much colder today and tonight with northerly winds increasing to 25 to 35 miles per hour. Cold wave tomorrow morning with lows 5 to 10. Mostly cloudy with snow flurries today, tonight and tomorrow. High temperature this morning near 30. Much colder tomorrow.
Book Store Raises Refunds
An increase of one per cent on Kansas Union Book Store refunds was voted Friday afternoon by the Union Executive Committee.
The one per cent increase brings the refund on period 30 from seven to eight per cent. Periods 28 and 29 were seven per cent.
Students may claim their cash refunds beginning today. Period 30 receipts are redeemable for three years.
The increase in the refund percentage represents $38,000. This sum is the student's share of bookstore profit and represents a six
month period from July 1 to Dec. 31, 1961.
The per cent of refund on period 31 will depend on bookstore operations from Jan. 1 to June 29, 1962.
James H. Stoner, director, said: "We hope to continue as long as possible the policy of sharing. There is no indication now that there will be any change.
"I am real pleased to see the refund go back to eight per cent," he added. "I hope that it will denote a trend, but I can make no promises."
Reapportionment Needed to Halt Inequality
By Clayton Keller
(Editor's note: This is the last in a
attachment of the Kansas Legislature)
The practical effects of the present inequality in the Kansas Legislature, according to those who favor reapportionment, include the following:
- Breakdown in state government and increasing reliance on federal government.
- Partisan political advantage.
- Unsolved urban problems.
- Discriminatory tax benefits.
FOUR NEWSPAPERMEN — John McCormally, J. P. Harris, and Peter Macdonald of The Hutchinson News and Ernest W. Johnson of The Olahe News—are seeking to force reapportionment of the Legislature solely on the basis of population.
They have filed a "friend of the court" brief in support of a group of Tennessee citizens who are asking the U.S. Supreme Court to force the Tennessee Legislature to rea- portion itself. The Kansas contend the Kansas Legislature is just as
badly apportioned as is the Tennessee Legislature.
The four men also have filed a petition for reapportionment in Shawnee County district court. A pre-trial hearing in the case is set for Feb. 2.
ASIDE FROM THE obvious partisan advantages of the prevailing political party, gerrymanders of the Kansas Congressional districts have also tended to be influenced by sectional rivalries and the rural-urban conflict of interest," the brief states.
"From the political standpoint, it (unequal representation) has enabled full use of that renowned political tool, gerrymander," according to the brief filed by the four Kansas newspapermen.
The "unrepresentative state leg islature" has followed two unwritt rules in redistricting Congressional districts, the brief states. The three largest population centers have been kept in separate districts, and the Republican majorities in the legislature have calculated the district so that Republicans will be electe
from all the Congressional districts.
The brief points out that the most recent Congressional redistricting created a huge district in western Kansas designed to end the political career of Kansas' only Democratic Congressman, J. Floyd Breeding. Mr. Breeding's district was added to a predominantly Republican northwest district, after his strongest county was detached and given to still another district.
John McCormally, editor of The Hutchinson News, said in a letter to this reporter that reapportionment would help solve urban problems.
"I AM FOR reapportionment because, in practice, Kansas government becomes constantly less representative of the people, as the state becomes more urban," he wrote. "The Legislature not only refuses to solve the problems of urban society; it doesn't even understand them."
The brief states that "the steady shift of electoral power to urban and suburban areas, and the progressive industrialization of even
rural-orientated states such as Kansas, has resulted in urban needs and problems arising which have been too often ignored or neglected by the rural-dominated state legislatures."
"The result has been an increased tendency to bypass state governments and seek assistance directly from the national government," the brief continues.
"Continuation of this trend will result in the roles of the states in our Federal system being further subordinated, with serious consequences to our tradition of local self-government."
"A continuation of this trend inevitably will contribute to national
WALTER E. SANDELIUS, professor of political science at KU, also mentions this effect of inequality in a bulletin published last month by the Governmental Research Center. He said cities, feeling they are not being fairly treated by the state government, have gone to the federal government for help in solving such problems as housing, slum clearance, and sewage disposal.
centralization such as to further weaken the self-limiting state governments," he said. "The result is eventual deterioration of that base of democracy which is local self government."
Mr. McCormally's letter points out that if problems of urban society such as education, crime control, welfare, housing, labor and public health, are not solved by the states they will be solved by the national government.
"But they will be solved, one way or another, because the people will not long leave them unsolved," he wrote.
THE BRIEF, discussing the discriminatory tax benefits, points out that "rural area legislators are able to exploit their numerical advantage, for they can grant or deny relief (to cities) in accordance with the solution from which they stand most to gain.
"They may curtail city expenditures to prevent urban areas from obtaining better treatment than rural areas in the several programs
(Continued on page 8)