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University Daily Kansan Wednesday, Nov. 29, 1961
The U.N.'s Rocky Road
By Phil Newsom UPI Foreign, News Analyst
More than 15 months after undertaking its peace mission in the Congo, the United Nations finds itself close to being broke, its authority challenged from both left and right and peace still a distant goal.
While suggestions that the U.N. should abandon its Congo mission have not yet become general, there is increasing pessimism over the world organization's ability to settle any dispute once it becomes enmeshed in the cold war between the great powers.
IT WAS IN the hope of avoiding just such an entanglement that the late U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold sought and obtained from the U.N. Security Council the broadest range of powers ever granted to his office, including the use of force if necessary.
Dodd 'Shocked' By Congo Mobs
"I guess this is the Congo after all," added Dodd, who has been a leading defender of Katanga in the United States.
ELISABETHVILLE, Katanga, The Congo — (UPI) — Sen. Thomas J. Dodd, D-Conn., said today he was "shocked" by the action of a mob of Katangese troops who dragged two high United Nations officials away from a party he was attending last night and beat them with rifle butts.
DODD WITNESSED PART of the incident when the Katangese invaded the home of a local oil company executive who was hosting the party for Dodd. They seized U.N. officials George Ivan Smith and Brian Urquhart, and then clubbed and beat them up.
Smith suffered possible broken ribs and Urquhart suffered cuts and bruises. Dodd was reported "deeply upset" by the attack.
Acting U.N. Secretary General Thant immediately sent a cable from New York demanding "public apologies" from the Katangese government for the "crazed" actions of the troops and asking swift and "severe punishment" for the guilty ones.
IN THE WAKE OF last night's assault, a U.N. Indian Gurkha soldier was found murdered this morning near the home of Katanga President Moise Tshombe, and a Gurkha major was missing.
Smith, who was x-rayed for the suspected broken ribs, was inclined to dismiss his own attack and said: "I regard the fate of the two Gurkhas as far more important than what happened to us last night."
Genius, that power which dazles mortal eyes, is oft but perserverance in disguise. — Henry Willard Austin.
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And in the jungle of cold-war, Congo and African politics in general, speed proved impossible.
But to be successful, speed was necessary.
THE RESULT IS today's mess in which the fire-breathing secessionist president of Katanga, Moise Tshombe, promises a scorched earth campaign against any attempt to integrate his province by force with the rest of the Congo.
Soviet-supported Vice Premier Antoine Gizenga is off on some mysterious mission in Kivu and Eastern Provinces, and the Central Government cannot even discipline the troops who recently murdered 13 Italian airmen.
There was a suspicion that Gizenga, nominally a member of the Central Government, was trying to organize a secessionist movement of his own.
THERE WERE other difficulties. In the U.N. Security Council, the Soviet Union supported a move to disarm Tshombe but opposed any similar move against Gizenga.
General, U Thant was laboring to carry out Security Council mandates but already was under the same threat from Russia as had confronted Hammarskjold.
The U.N.'s new acting Secretary-
Last week the Russians warned him that any action contrary to Soviet wishes would have "sad results for the United Nations."
AT THE CORE of the difficulty is the Congolese army.
Presumably, its strength is about 17,000. But its men regularly disappear into the brush and mutiny is so common as to be ignored.
The United States so far has paid for more than half of the Congo costs. The Soviet Union has paid none while reserving the right to criticize and interfere.
U. S. Ambassador to the U.N. Adlai Stevenson put the question succinctly when he said that "if the members will not pay for the United Nations, they will not have it."
The U.S. cannot be expected to bear indefinitely a disproportionate share of U.N. costs. But to abandon the U.N. would be to admit the inevitability of war.
A capacity crowd is expected to attend the concert by the Dukes of Dixieland Sunday evening, according to members of the Campus Chest committee, sponsor of the concert.
Big Crowd Expected For Dixieland Show
The concert, to begin at 8:00 p.m. in Hoch Auditorium, will begin the 1961 Campus Chest drive.
Tickets went on sale yesterday, with organized houses being given the opportunity to buy blocks of seats until 9 p.m. today. Individual seats are being sold at the Information Booth and in the Kansas Union.
Tickets are $1.50 each, and all proceeds will go to Campus Chest.
Professor's Book Published
A book co-authored by a KU education professor has been chosen as the Educator's Book Club selection of the month.
"Psychology in Teaching Reading," by Henry P. Smith, KU professor of education, and Emerald V. Dechant, of the division of education and psychology at Fort Hays State College, helps teachers understand the psychological factors in a pupil's reading ability.
Youth is a blunder; manhood a struggle; old age a regret.—Benjamin Disraeli
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