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University Daily Kansan Wednesday, November 15, 1961
Deliberate War Is Considered Unlikely
By K. C. Thaler
LONDON — (UPI) — The cold war is hotter today than at any time since World War II, and more dangerous than during the grim days of the 1948-49 Berlin blockade.
For the second time in less than 15 years Berlin is the focal center of East-West tensions, but it is not the only danger point. The potential flashpoints extend from Europe to South East Asia, and from Africa to Latin America.
DESPIE THE WAR fears, there appears general agreement among competent observers in all major capitals that war will not come from any deliberate act of either East or West. The concern is for a war by "misstep or miscalculation."
The present situation began building about 18 months ago when Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev broke up, in anger, the 1960 Four Power Summit meeting in Paris following the U2 incident. Since then the cold war has warmed up month by month.
NOWHERE HAS the danger of an international explosion been more alarmingly demonstrated than in Berlin, at the Communist-built, city-dividing wall where Russian and American tanks have faced each other, and armed men face each other across a few yards of noman's land on either side of the barrier.
Until now, Khrushchev has avoided overstepping the line to which both sides in the conflict have moved several times in the nervous weeks since the Berlin wall went up on Aug. 13.
Just how do things stand now?
A poll of authoritative diplomatic opinion around the world produced the following assessment:
WASHINGTON—The danger of a "deliberate" war is slight and no greater now than a year ago. But the possible outbreak of a nuclear war by "ignorance, mistake or miscalculation" is greater today. The Washington observers give as reason for the fears the danger of incidents in Berlin getting out of hand. They also are apprehensive that growing Communist Guerrilla activity in South East Asia, and especially in Laos, could spark a major conflict.
LONDON — Observers here also fear more a war by "misstep" than by calculation. As British observers see it, Khrushchev is determined on a showdown with the West over Berlin and other European problems largely because he is stronger now than he might be a year or two hence. The British believe Khrushchev—unless he suffers from or develops a Hitler-type megalomania—will shy away from a war showdown.
In the British view Khrushchev can afford to walk up to the line and back away from it without risking his position at home. The British believe his recent triumph over party adversaries at the 22nd Party Congress has enhanced his prestige and power at home enough so that he can operate for a time, anyway—with a fairly free hand.
B-School, KSCPA to Meet
The University of Kansas School of Business and the Kansas Society of Certified Public Accountants will hold their annual meeting, Nov. 16-17, at the Hotel Jayhawk in Topeka.
Speakers from the KU business school will be Dean James R. S. surface, Assoc. Prof. Sherwood W. Newton, Prof. John G. Blocker, and Prof. Howard F. Stettler, Assistant Dean L. Martin Jones and Prof. W. Keith Weltmer are on the planning committee.
Yanks in Britain
LONDON — (UPI) — The number of American visitors to Britain increased 234 per cent between 1950 and 1960, the British Travel Association reports.
PREMIER DIAMOND SHOP 916 Mass.
FAR EAST—Observers in this part of the world hold much the same opinion as Western experts—that the main war danger is a war by mistake. But they agree this danger is a grave one, more so than a year ago. They also have misgivings about the situation in Laos and elsewhere in South East Asia, but that the worst flashpoint—from the standpoint of possible outbreak of a nuclear war—is Berlin.
Although there is general agreement that Berlin provides the biggest challenge at this stage to world peace, there also is agreement that it is not the only area of dangerous tension.
IN SOUTHERN EUROPE, Turkey and, even more so, Iran, are under pressure from Moscow. Most recently the Kremlin has been maneuvering in the direction of Scandinavia, with a major diplomatic offensive against Norway, Denmark and Sweden and Finland called upon for "defense" consultations. In Latin America Moscow looks to Cuba as an operative foothold in that hemisphere and a jumping-off place for infiltration of the United States' "backyard."
Then there's Africa. Temporary setbacks in this continent have by no means ended Russia's activities there. In the Black Continent the cold war is fought on the economic plane, laced with Soviet arms and heavy doses of "anti-imperialist" propaganda to undermine the Western position with the newly emerging nations.
THERE IS A wide feeling that Khrushchev wants now to consolidate what he's got and feels he can do this by pushing the cold war to the limit.
During and since World War II Russia, in one of the most imperialistic expansions in history, has annexed outright areas totalling 182,000 square miles of territory with populations totaling some 25,000,000. These areas include parts of Finland, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and German East Prussia, plus all of Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia. In addition the Soviet Union has extended control to the satellites in Europe taking in 393,000 square miles of territory with poo-
ulations of more than 90,000,000.
NOW SHOWING!
(Thru Saturday)
Shows At 7:00 & 9:15
ulations of more than 90,000,000. It is formal recognition of this booty that Moscow means when it talks about wanting the West to recognize the "status quo," extending the Iron Curtain to Russia's boundaries in Europe.
It delves into the hungers that lie deep within us all!
TO MAKE THIS empire water-tight, the Kremlin feels it must remove Western influence from Berlin.
MYRON
M*CORMICK
ROBERT ROSSEN
SENET CARRILLE - ROSSEN
CINEMA SOPPE
Why is Khrushchev suddenly pushing so hard now? He may feel time is running out for him. First, he is now at the peak of his power. Second, Russia is at a peak of strength. Khrushchev appears to feel that at this point Russia has the edge on the United States in rocketry and "nuclear delivery." It could be he calculates that in another year or two Allied strength, and especially that of the United States, will be too great.
These are only suppositions, but they are suppositions by persons in a position to assess international affairs at the highest diplomatic levels.
THERE ARE MANY other factors, not the least of them economic. Russia is worried, for example, by the growing movement toward European unification through the Common Market. It looks uneasily upon increasing Western European politicalties, along with the military. Today, Communism in Europe is on the decline. An economic boom, full employment and to some degree political disillusionment within the Communist bloc countries themselves all are working to the Kremlin's disadvantage.
NOW! At 7:00 & 9:15
In the high-adventure tradition of "The Guns Of Navarone!"
in the MERVYN LEROY-FRED KOHLMAR production
COLUMBIA PICTURES presents
If the bewildering complexities of the cold war can be summed up in a few words it might be said that the Soviet Union wants to keep what it has, extend its power wherever it can—and give up nothing. The West, which already has given up so much, is determined to give no more.
KEGWIN MATHEWS • JEAN PIERRE AUMONT
SCREENPLAY BY
BENELLI • MICHAEL NORRIS • KATARINA
ASLAN • SOULYRY • LUNA • LIAM OBRIEN
PRODUCTION BY
MERVYN LEROY • FRED KOHLMAR
EASTMAN COLOR
COMING NEXT!
Neither side wants war. But either side would fight if it felt the time had come when it had to. And that is the danger that confronts the world today.
Scientist's Role Discussion Topic
"The Role of the Scientist and his Obligation to Society" will be discussed by a panel at the meeting of Sigma Xi. honorary scientific research society, at 7:30 p.m. tomorrow in 411 Summerfield.
The panelists will be Peter J. Caws, associate professor of philosophy; Roy D. Laird, assistant professor of political science; John Ise, professor emeritus of economics, and Robert Katz, professor of physics at Kansas State University.
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