Wednesday, November 15. 1961 University Daily Kansan
Page 3
GOP Leaders Want Test Resumption
United Press International
Top Republican Party leaders have reiterated their appeals for an immediate resumption of nuclear testing by the United States.
In separate statements yesterday, former Vice President Richard M. Nixon and Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller of New York also issued strong warnings to President Kennedy to think twice before seeking new test ban talks with Russia.
Nixon said in Chicago that he was strongly opposed to a nuclear test ban unless airtight inspections were written into any treaty.
THEIR REMARKS came little more than a day after the Kennedy Administration joined Great Britain in calling on the Soviet Union to resume nuclear test ban talks.
If he had won the Presidency last year, Nixon added, he would have ordered an immediate resumption of testing after his inauguration.
ROCKEFELLER TOLD newsmen in Albany, N. Y., that the United States should avoid signing any moratorium on tests at present because it could "place in jeopardy both our national safety and the defense of freedom throughout the world."
"The Soviet record of cheating during the last nuclear test moratorium shows they cannot be trusted," he said.
An aide to Sen. Barry Goldwater, said the Arizona Republican stood by his statement of last January that testing should be renewed, either above or below ground.
NIXON FIRST called for renewed atmospheric testing after Russia set off its 50 megaton bomb. Rockefeller had urged fullscale testing in the atmosphere Oct. 27, before the Soviet set off the big bomb.
Former President Eisenhower had no comment yesterday.
Rockefeller, in a statement later, said he was "increasingly concerned by the possibility of a significant shift in power in favor of the Soviet Union unless we realistically face the facts."
HE DESCRIBED the nation's nuclear power as a "shield for the whole free world."
"The strength of this shield has been called into question by the Soviet Union's recent series of nuclear tests — producing still unknown and unmeasured advances in Soviet nuclear technology," he said.
Rockefeller, a potential 1964 GOP Presidential candidate, called for "serious attention" to the "inadequacy of today's detection methods, which must be perfected to make
Engineerettes to Meet
The KU Engineerettes will meet tomorrow at 8 p.m. in the Watkins Room of the Kansas Union.
The guest speaker will be M. B. Tracy, General Electric Co. regional recruiter. Tracy's talk is the "Role of Engineering Life in Industry."
Husbands of Engineeettes are invited to attend the meeting.
any test ban consistent with national security."
At the same time, he said, testing must be renewed to develop lighter warheads for more mobile retaliatory weapons; to develop anti-missile missiles; to improve our tactical weapons; to develop new and more flexible weapons; to improve control devices guarding against error or miscalculation in handling of atomic weapons and to develop a foolproof system of detection.
Zorin Urges Peace in First U.N. Session
— Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Valerian A. Zorin said today the risk of war becomes more tangible daily. He called for destruction of "the whole military machinery of all states."
UNITED NATIONS. N.Y. - (UPI)
"If the Western powers and governments are interested genuinely in the maintenance of peace, they should grasp at the peace-loving proposals of the Soviet Union with both hands," he said.
Zorin made the statement in opening the annual U.N. full-dress debate in the general assembly's main political committee.
"They should sit down at a round negotiating table with us and reach agreement on a German peace treaty without stalling, and sign it."
"The Soviet Union is eager to agree with the Western powers."
U. S. Ambassador Adlai E. Stevenson was listed to follow Zorin in the disarmament debate.
Zorin reviewed Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev's proposal for "general and complete disarmament" of the entire world within a four-year period.
He said the Western powers rejected Russia's stand that it is necessary to "consolidate the existing frontiers of the two German states" and instead sought "forcibly to modify the frontiers worked out after World War II in their favor."
Instead, he said, the United States and its allies "intensified preparations for handing nuclear weapons to West Germany."
Females Shun Science
NEW YORK—(UPI) The National Science Foundation reports that science ranks far down on the list of professions that women have entered in great numbers.
Only about four per cent of all federally-employed scientists and engineers are women. About seven per cent of a total of more than 166,000 registrants in the National Register of Scientific and Technical Personnel are women.
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MEXICO CITY — (UPI) — An American anthropologist and author has come up with a plan which he says could be used as a guide for the U.S. Government's Peace Corps program in Latin America.
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"The combination of an anthropology field team tasks with those of the 'Peace Corps' offers opportunity for an excellent give-and-take relationship with Latin American rural residents," he said.
Oscar Lewis, a University of Illinois professor who has made a 20-year study of Mexican rural life, said the plan is based on the experience of a group of U.S. students in a small Mexican village during the past summer. Lewis directed the students in a two-month pioneering stay at the "off-the-beaten-path" village of San Andres de la Cal.
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"INSTEAD OF SWAMPING them with gadgets that Americans think the people should have, the team tries to fill the needs expressed by villagers and actively helps them while at the same time gathering research material about their culture."
Lewis related how the "give and take" worked out during the two months that six U.S. university students lived in the hut dwellings of San Andres de la Cal, an ancient Nahautel village of about 500 persons in 90 families.
By Jaime Plenn United Press International
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"The villagers wept when our students left," he said.
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"USNSA is a non-profit organization serving the American student community"
He identified the students as three anthropology majors, Mrs. Janet Fitchen, Philip Young and Muriel Kaminsky; a Latin American literature student, Judith Zalenka; a political science student, Thomas Tirado, all of the University of Illinois Graduate School, and Ofelia Vargas, of Wellesley College.
He said the students had an opportunity to do their field work while living in the village devoid of the usual middle class comforts — no running water, no electricity, no gas.
"OUR IDEA BASICALLY has been to do something for the people while studying their culture," he said, "and I think this plan, as well as many of the conclusions of my 20-year-study can be applied in our Latin American programs for people-to-people relationships."
Some of the group knew Spanish, but others learned it in their two-month stay, he said. The villagers
are "bilingual." speaking both Spanish and Nahaute.
Willingness of "people of culture" to live the simple life of the peasants and share their daily chores impressed the villagers greatly, Lewis said, and each student became a "Padrino" or "Madrina" (godfather or godmother) of several village children.
One student, Mrs. Fitchen, took her year-old baby with her during their stay.
THE VILLAGERS WERE greatly interested in learning English. Some had been to the United States as "braceros" (farm field hands) but had not learned much English there because of their isolated work-camp residence, he said.
Lewis said he selected the village
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for the pioneer "humanized anthropology" project because of earlier studies of documents hundreds of years old pertaining to the area and personal recommendations of friends in Teopotlan.
At Teopotlán, Lewis did much of his Mexican research work, continuing the work of another U.S. scholar, Robert Redfield, and his studies have been the basis for several books prior to "The Children of Sanchez," his latest work.
Since 1948, he has been professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois.
Lewis has done field research work in Canada, Cuba, India, Spain, and Texas in addition to Mexico which has been his major focus of interest.
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