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University Daily Kansan Wednesday, November 1. 1961
Khrushchev Reign Supreme; Stalin's Greatness Gone
MOSCOW — (UPI)— Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev emerged from the 22nd Soviet Communist Party Congress today with a sweeping triumph over the memory of Josef Stalin and the men who tried to carry on the former dictator's traditions.
Stalin's body was removed to the Kremlin wall from its place of honor in the Red Square Mausoleum it shared with the remains of Lenin.
Such members of the Stalinist "Anti-Party" group as former Premier Nikolai Bulganin, former Foreign Minister Dimitri Shepiil and former President Kilent Voroshilov were dropped from the Central Committee of the Communist Party.
Other "Anti-Party" men such as former Premiers Vyacheslav M. Molotov and Georgi Malenkov and former economic czar Lazar Kaganovich were in disgrace.
More than half of the expanded new Central Committee of 175 members and 156 candidates were new, young men of the type Khrushchev is bringing along as future Soviet leaders. Among the new names was that of his son-in-law, Alexei Azhubei, editor of Izvestia, the government newspaper.
The old Central Committee, elected by the 20th Congress five years ago, had only 133 full members and 122 candidates.
The general public still had not been told of the explosion of the Soviet nuclear superbomb Monday, although Khrushchev announced it to the Congress yesterday. He joked that the scientists had made a mistake and the explosion was bigger than anticipated but said they would not be punished.
The Communist party newspaper
Dying Rayburn Returns Home
PONHAM, Tex. — (UPI)— House Speaker Sam Rayburn, 79, has made his final trip home. It was his wish to spend the last days of his life among friends and neighbors in his home town.
He had wanted to return to the white colonial house he built on the fringe of Bonham.
A bulletin issued at 9:30 a.m., today, said Rayburn rested well last night and had no trouble breathing. His basic condition is unchanged. He had beef broth, milk and toast for breakfast, and, at last report was talking a little.
BE IS ONLY A MILE or so from the house but he may never see it again. His family and his physician felt it would be easier to make the cancer-stricken congressman more comfortable in the town's small hospital.
Mr. Rayburn was brought back to Bonham yesterday afternoon by ambulance from Dallas. The decision to take him out of Baylor University Medical Center was made by his sisters in deference to his expressed wish to spend his last days among, in his words, "those friends and neighbors who for so long have given a love and loyalty unsurpassed in any annals."
DR. JOE RISSER, his physician in Bonham who owns the hospital where Rayburn is staying, said the speaker made the 90-mile trip "comfortably" and "seemed pleased to be home."
Mr. Rayburn was put in the hospital because he requires oxygen, a breathing apparatus and other medical facilities which would be difficult to provide in his home.
Mr. Rayburn's sisters, Mrs. R. E Bartley of Bonham and Mrs. W. A. Thomas of Dallas, said a second factor in their decision to bring him home was that the treatment he had been receiving to slow his cancer did not produce desired results.
A man should always consider how much he has more than he wants, and how much more unhappy he might be than he really is. —Joseph Addison
Pravda reported last night that Stalin's body had been removed from the Red Square tomb. It was placed in a freshly dug grave at the Kremlin wall. The mausoleum had been "closed for repairs" for several days.
At first light this morning Soviet workmen had completed placing a new name plate on the tomb. Stalin's name was missing from it and Lenin's name was half again as big as before.
After the change was completed, the Red Square tomb was reopened.
the Red Square tomb was reopened Khrushchev, his personal power enhanced by the Congress which ended its two-week session yesterday, turned his attention today to Communist bloc affairs.
He was expected to hold a series
of informal talks with top leaders of the bloc on common economic, political and military problems.
The talks probably will continue through the Nov. 7 celebrations of the anniversary of the Russian Revolution.
As their final act, the more than 4.000 delegates to the Congress passed a unanimous resolution affirming complete support of Khrushchev's foreign and domestic policies including a break with the abuses of the Stalin era.
For Soviet citizens personally the de-Stalinization campaign was the biggest event of the Congress, overriding even the announcement yesterday of the election of a new ruling party Presidium, headed, as before, by Khrushchev.
Demonstrations Cause Bloodshed in Algeria
Bv Alan Raymond
ALGIERS (UPI) - Moslem crowds poured into the streets and battled French police across Algeria today in demonstrations marking the seventh anniversary of the start of the Algerian war.
An official French communique issued here said 30 Moslems were killed and 70 persons wounded in clashes throughout the country this morning.
In France itself, the only major incident came when a small plastic bomb exploded near a crowd of 500 "Peace in Algeria" demonstrators in the left bank student quarter of Paris. Police said about 25 persons were slightly injured, most of them by flying glass.
The violence in Algeria was more widespread.
THE COMMUNIQUE SAID the casualties occurred when Moslem rebel commandos mixed with crowds of slogan - shouting, flag - waving demonstrators and opened fire on French forces. It added this forced the French to shoot back.
A spokesman for the French Civil Headquarters here said 11 Moslem were killed when rebels in a crowd of demonstrators attacked a French army post in the village of Ras-El-Ajoun in the Batna Department.
Seven others were killed in gun fights between French forces and demonstrators in the Dar-El-Kef and Climat De France quarters of Algiers, he said. Nine others were wounded when conscript French soldiers fired back at balconies where hidden Algerians were sniping at them.
The spokesman added that the other Moslems were killed in incidents scattered throughout the territory.
OTHER demonstrations were reported in villages across the plain of Mitidjia, south of Algiers; at Attatba, Castiglione, Kles and elsewhere. French forces did not intervene in most cases. But at Tipaza several Moslems were injured when police wrested banners and flags of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) from the demonstrations.
U.S. Launches New Satellite
CAPE CANAVERAL — (UPI) — The United States rocketed a radio beacon satellite toward space today to test a worldwide network which will track the flight of America's first orbiting astronaut.
Today's shot left but one more test in the Mercury Program—an orbital flight of a chimpanzee now planned for Nov. 14—before one of the nation's seven astronauts can take a trip into orbit aboard a two-ton space capsule. The manned orbital flight is expected early in 1962.
A four-stage "Scout" rocket took off at 9:32 a.m. Lawrence time with a bullet-like dash characteristic of solid-propellant rockets. The 150-pound payload was aimed at an orbit ranging up to 400 miles above the earth. The slender 66-foot rocket almost veered off course three times, but apparently managed to correct itself.
About 400 engineers and technicians manned elaborate instrument consoles in the globe-spanning belt of tracking stations, to listen and look for the package of radio receivers and transmitters as it passed their "checkpoints."
It was a bloody day in Algeria despite the fact that the Tunis-based Algerian rebel government had ordered Moslems to celebrate it with "peaceful" demonstrations for independence through serious negotiations with President Charles de Gaulle's representatives.
Since this was All Saints' Day, a Roman Catholic holy day, most of Algeria's 1.1 million European settlers marked it quietly by staying in their homes.
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