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University Daily Kansan Wednesday, October 25,1961
Prof. Hoecker Is Building Shelter To Protect Against Fallout, Blast
By Dennis Farney
A KU professor of radiation biophysics is building an underground shelter designed to protect five persons against a nuclear blast and accompanying fallout.
Prof. Frank E. Hoecker, a member of the Kansas Civil Defense Council since 1950, designed the shelter himself. Construction of the shelter, located in the yard of his home at 1503 Haskell Ave., is nearly completed.
"THIS IS AN experimental shelter which I want to use as a basis for furnishing advice to other people," he said.
in building it, I hope to gain information that I can use in a series of lectures ("Safety in the Nuclear Age") I am helping to conduct in Lawrence.
Prof. Hoecker said it took him about three weeks to complete plans for the shelter, but added that he
East-West Clash On Berlin Rights
For more than five hours today a major East-West clash in Berlin hung only a trigger squeeze away.
By Phil Newsom UPI Foreign News Analyst
And the issue which put British and 6.500 American troops on alert from 3:10 a.m. until 9:35 a.m. (Lawrence time) still is not resolved. The showdown still is to come, with one side or the other making a major retreat.
It hangs on U.S. and Allied insistence on their right of free entry into the walled off eastern sector of the city.
IT BROUGHT U.S. TANKS and armored cars with their cannon at the ready to the Friederichstrasse check point this morning when the Communists halted two U.S. Army buses containing women and children en route for the Army's weekly tour of East Berlin. The buses finally turned back.
At the moment, the crisis is in the hands of U.S. Maj. Gen. Albert Watson II and Soviet Commandant Col. A. V. Solovyev.
The Friederichstrasses check point is the only crossing permitted to foreigners and it lies in the American sector.
THE IMMEDIATE ISSUE is in the East German Communist demand for the right to check civilians using the crossing even though their automobiles carry American license plates.
The Americans have refused to recognize any East German authority over Allied personnel and this week armed MP's began escorting Allied vehicles through the crossing in defiance of the East German Vospos (People's Police).
AMERICAN MP'S check passports at a sentry house and then the vehicles move forward through a concrete maze past the tommy-gun carrying Vopos.
Like hungry guests, a sitting audience looks - George Fqarhar
Prof. Hoecker's shelter is a 12 by 16 by $ 6 \frac{1}{2} $ - foot structure, built of reinforced concrete.
has revised the original plans several times since he began the project last August.
It is connected to his basement by a 12-foot passageway, built of reinforced concrete and concrete blocks.
Prof. Hoecker emphasized the advantages of his shelter:
"A SHELTER OF this kind," he said, "provides much more protection than you can get in a basement shelter (in which a corner of the basement is walled off by concrete blocks), plus the advantage that it is fireproof.
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"The big weakness of a basement shelter is that it offers you no protection if the house itself burns."
The ceiling of Prof. Hoecker's shelter is 11 inches thick and contains more than 16 tons of concrete. It is designed to protect against a nuclear blast as near as five miles from Lawrence, he said.
BUT HE EMPHASIZED that the protection this type of shelter affords is dependent upon the type of bomb burst and the size of the bomb used.
A bomb that explodes high in the air, he explained, will produce different blast and fallout characteristics than one exploded near the ground.
"There just isn't any single answer to the problem of blast and fallout protection," he said. "Every shelter has to be designed for a specific set of circumstances."
PROF. HOECKER said he will equip the shelter with folding beds and a two-week supply of food for five people. The shelter will also be equipped with various instruments to detect the level of radiation within it.
Prof. Hoecker estimated the cost of material for the shelter at $1,200, but added that its total cost will depend on the amount of radiation detection equipment he installs.
WASHINGTON -- (UPI) — President Kennedy gave a go-ahead today for a nuclear test to be conducted in a New Mexico salt formation 1,200 feet underground. He invited observers from interested United Nations countries to witness the shot.
JFK Approves Nuclear Test
The White House declined to say specifically whether Russian observers would be welcome, leaving this to be spelled out by the AEC. But the White House said "the United States will welcome observers from interested United Nations countries, as well as news media and the scientific community."
The United States recently fired three underground shots which were
The experiment, known as "Project Gnome," will be conducted in about 60 days near Carlsbad, N.M., as part of the Atomic Energy Commission's program to develop peaceful uses of atomic energy.
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announced. In deciding to resume testing after Russia began her atmospheric series, however, the White House made it plain that not all U.S. underground tests would be announced.
Project Gnome is intended to develop information on possible use of byproduct heat from nuclear explosions for power purposes.
A man should always consider how much he has more than he wants, and how much more unhappy he might be than he really is—Joseph Addison
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