8
Monday, May 8, 1972
University Daily Kansan
kansan Photo by RICHARD GUSTIN
Small Schools Cost More to Run Community resistance prevents their being closed .
Local M-Clinic Succeeds In Rehabilitating Addicts
By DAVE BLISS
Kansan Staff Writer
The methadone program at WKU is a medical more successful than for other programs in other cities. Dr. Kirkman's "MClice Clinic" provides services, said McLice.
About one in three rehabilitation hard-hitting patients return to the hard-earning according to a survey. The KU methadone program, however, has successfully recovered one of every three addicts who come to the hospital for assistance.
"Basically our idea of the
Leban to Head Oriental Dept.
Carl Leban, assistant professor of East Asian studies and oriental languages and literature, recently assumed the duties of acting chairman of the department of oriental languages and literature.
Leban, who succeeds Richard Spear, an associate professor of East Asian studies, said that the department is currently undergoing critical evaluation of the curriculum organization, the curriculum and textbooks.
Through the reorganization, Lester hopes to offer more exciting program which would include students majoring in East Asian languages, but would also involve students who are interested in foreign languages.
To activate more student interest in East Asian studies and Oriental languages, Leban said that the department would be putting up posters on campus to encourage students to Asia than one-song."
One major change in the Oriental language curriculum is the addition of a 10 hour credit intensive Chinese program. According to Leban, the program will give a student the equivalent instruction in Chinese in a one year (three semester) period.
Leban, who is the author of a number of articles and textbooks on various aspects of Oriental studies, was recently awarded a MSc in Humanities by the Humanists by the National Endowment for the Humanities. He will take leave from his duties at KU during spring and summer 1973 to work on the second section of the book *History of the Wei Dynasty of China*.
During Leban's leave, Grant Wiliams served as Oriental Anas studies and history, will serve as acting chairman of the department of 'Oriental Anas Studies'.
methadone clinic is to run ourselves out of business," said Haggan.
The Watkins M-Clinic physicians, headed by Dr Raymond Schweiger, have adopted the long withdrawal with drugs. By using drugs. By using methadone in place of heroin. Haggan said there was no need for an increase in drug dosage to address the patient's drug intake has been stabilized by the methadone substitute. progressively smaller doses may be administered until the patient has been relieved of his
OF 28 PEOPLE currently taking advantage of the methadone program, nine have been admitted to drug addiction and Hodge's
"When a patient comes in for the first time, we try to determine the extent of his addiction." *Dose* and *addiction has been determined*, methadone doses are administered, but the patient is given to M-Clinic patients only inside Wakala Hospital. Haggan said. A daily urine specimen is required of the patient to assess the extent of his rehabilitation progress.
While on methadone treatment, most patients will try heroin at home and then give it up if that the patient's return to heroin would be evidenced by traces of the drug in the urine sample. The substance was found by heroin after being on the methadone substitute, said Hagan, and will return to continue therapy.
M-CLINIC physicians are infilated with the KU clinical psychiatrists who have hard drug addicts who come to the clinic for aid need physiologi-
Haggan said that members of the clinical staff tried to counter the impact of the image and paranoid tendencies by offering their friendship to the patient. Unlike those in larger hospitals, the clinical staff is small enough for personal relationships to be formed between the staff and the client.
Hagan said that the cost of operating the methadone clinic at St. Luke's Hospital is $250 per patient per week. Although non-staff members are charged $2 per treatment and students $1, treatment and students cannot pay. Many patients have or obtain a job during their treatment. Most patients own their own methadone cost. Watkins Hospital currently absorbs $65 of the program's operation.
HEADQUARTERS also works closely with M-Clinic physicians in the rehabilitation of hard drug users, said Haggan. The local
organization also provides coun-
selling and assistance for persons
who are experiencing a "bust"
or a career crisis. It is used by LSD
and megaplaning.
Both Watkins Hospital and Headquarters have received a smaller number of calls for bad trip counseling from college age drug users than from those in the care system. She explained that the slow-up was due, in part, to the fact that most people of that age group have had experience in handling bad trips. As a result, they call upon their own experience or the advice of friends to bring them down.
"The age group of persons takings psychedelic drugs has shifted from college to high school," said Haggan.
She said that the use of marri juanah has spread to the local junior high schools.
Haggan said that effective law enforcement by the Lawrence Police Department had effectively checked the supply of heroin in Lawrence, although in the three cities of Topeka and Kansas City could still supply local users with hard drugs.
By PAUL SWEARIGAN
Tight Finances Trouble Schools
Kansan Staff Writer
The subject of school financing continues to stir controversy in many Kansas communities during this election year.
co-owners and school officials often become excited at and attend city site examples of a lowered quality of education in their schools—a direct result, they say, is the taxes imposed by the state's tax law.
THE COST of running the public schools increases from year to year. Superintendents find that to merely meet fixed expenses, they are supplies—ones they are powerless to change, comprising 90 per cent or more of the average school budget—will be forgotten. Although the property tax lid has forced every superintendent and school official to find more efficient waste storage, waste still exists, especially in the smaller schools in Kansas.
Taxpayers and businessmen say high property taxes and the rising cost of living are reasons for their opposition. A method of curbing rising taxes
A special legislative committee on school practices efficiency studies the cost of 219 small, high attendance centers operated during the 1970-71 school year and that savings could have accrued if these facilities had been closed. A small, high-cost attendance center
Kansas Department of Education officials shake their heads and wonder how schools can improve the representation Senators and representatives engage in heated discussion, attempting to find some method of compromising school officials' property-tax base system of financing public schools. Many reports, hearings, meetings, crisis committees, new paper releases, ensure the public's attention.
They also estimated that $5 million could be saved by transcribing data from the 400 districts containing fewer than 100 pupils to other districts. Subtracting the overlapping amount with under 400 pupils that operated high-cost attendance center, the company said it would net $1 million net savings to taxpayers.
The superintendents said that 58 of the 112 districts would be closed if their boards of education refused to accept them. According to the committee report, the closing of any of these districts would require a favorable vote by a majority of the resident electors of the area where the attendance was recorded.
The committee viewed unfavorably the continued operation of these costly cases because it meant that the law requiring a vote of resident electors for a school board also recommending that the decision for closing a school be left in the hands of the school board.
"IF THE LOCAL boards of schools are counsellors, they should be on the operation of school programs, this authority should be in their hands," the
THE SUPERIOR TENDENCIES estimated that $7.0 million could be invested in small, high-cost, attendance centers and transferring pupils to larger schools.
Community resistance to close these schools remains great across Kansas. Reasons cited for this are that the schools are a large part in some citizens'
The present method of financing public schools in Kansas through the property tax may be ruled unconstitutional, as has been done by some educators said that only when the largely traditional theories and methodologies used in teaching today were discarded would teaching become a means in terms of money and effort.
At one hearing in a small community, a woman informed the board of education that she was sound and sound of the school bell floating over the prairies of the school was closed." One board member said that he would be quite happy if her off the school were closed.
refusal to allow the schools to be closed; other communities believe that if the school was closed, the community would disappear.
ALTHOUGH many schools are testing new teaching methods, some parents piecemeal. Some parents object to children being objected to "guinea pigs," no matter how effective they are compared to traditional ones.
Many teachers, both those just out of college and experienced veterans, have been trained in how to teach. Studies have shown that as much as 90 per cent of different teaching practices currently commonly used are learned by teachers, but only a third their actual teaching. The clinging to traditional ways by both educators and other tax payers may be the greatest economic, effective education.
was described by the committee as one that could be closed without affecting adversely the program of the school district
Another aspect of financial waste in education is seldom discussed in public. Although students are often the state, some officials waste money for reasons such as simple lack of ability or knowledge to institute economic practices, to teach economical practices from devoting enough time
Superintendents from 112 districts reported that at least one small, high-cost facility had been opened.
Boating,Swimming Regulations Differ Among 3 Nearby Lakes
The return of summer also means the return of people to the area lakes and beaches for water sports.
Perry Reservoir in Shawnee County is the largest and probably the most popular spot in this area for swimming, skiing or hiking. There were nine drownings at Perry, according to Lynn Meyers of the
Meyers said that only two of the drownings occurred in the set aside specifically for their excavation to look place elsewhere in the lake.
According to Meyers, there are two areas at Perry set aside for swimming, one developed by the federal government.
Perry Corps of Engineers.
Mrs. D. Payne, general
manager of the Sunday
Sunday that despite the wear
all of the registered artists still
hold showings of their works and
their own work.
Artists ranging in age from high school students to adults set up exhibits and sales Sunday on all three floors of the community center. The exhibits included watercolor, oils, woodcarving, divers mittings, photography, enamels sculpture and ceramics.
Music was provided by the American Federation of Musicians Local No. 512 Brass Band, Western Band, National Band, American Federation of Musicians Local No. 512 Shrine Ensemble, Dewey Band, Central Band and Western Band, Lawrence Chapter of Sweet Adelies.
The big problem is that the regulations bring to it worry: at forty are ambiguous that people can swim just about anywhere without a life vest.
"Everybody was just great," yeah said, "and the crowds were there. I planned to hold the event again next Sunday in the bandstand area of South Park on the east side of Manhattan from noon to 5 p.m.
Damp, drizzly weather forced he eleventh annual Art in the *ark Show* into the Lawrence University Center Sunday afternoon.
Also this year, Meyers said, the three areas where skiing is discouraged will be marked in the upper region of the Delaware River area, the upper region of the Rock Creek arm and the big slough
The regulations state that swimming is permitted except in prohibited areas.
Last year, Meyers said, people would ski in these spots and use the excuse that the area wasn't properly marked.
DALE DENIS, director of statistical services section of the university, said he had received Education, said that he has known of "perhaps one or two" administrators who could not expenditures within their budgets.
Regulations pertaining to activities at the lake are very specific. Bathing, swimming or canoeing are permitted on the established areas. Skiing is allowed on those days as designated annually by the Board of County Commissioners and the Mayor to those areas marked by buoys.
Lone Star Lake, located in Douglas County, also has areas set aside for swimming and water skiing.
Art Show Rescheduled Hampered by Weather.
had been established at Perry to provide for summer safety.
"The superintendent wanted five desks, five office chairs and five sets of files. He indicated that he would have the brand of furniture as he felt that it wouldn't last as long as a more expensive item, even though he had the money to do so week by a travelling counselor. He insisted upon our firm's quoting to him a price from his best grade. A line of furniture, he said, would be
"But they're no longer in schools in Kansas." he said.
to supervise expenditures and clearly fraudulent practices.
It would be nearly impossible to estimate waste expenses as the amount of waste generated on the part of administrators. A businessman who declined to be informed about his plans or gave advice by local school officials gave some indication of unnecessary waste.
Meyers said that conditions
"WE FOUND out later that he had insisted on a Pittsburgh firm's quoting a price for their lowest-priced line, and a third (Wichita) firm was asked to quote a price for the same company we had recommended to him but which he had refused to accept a quote from us.
"The Wichita firm got the contract. The thing said that we could have saved him hundreds of dollars had he accepted our bid instead of the Wichita firm's on the business line," the businessman
One school official, who is in charge of administering firearms to employees, acquired a reputation as quite a wheeler dealer in his community. The school identified, described how the official acquired a color name for a weapon.
"He needed some equipment for which he offered a six-month lease to which the school owned, in trade, the television set as $40 for the official turned around and purchased the set from me for the lease."
Bob Steele, superintendent at Lone Star Lake, said that the regulations were pretty well enforced.
"We haven't had a drowning here in 25 years," he said.
"ANOTHER TIME he purchased some supplies and asked that the district be billed $100 more than the supplies were worth. He then asked me to write him a check for $100 which I did.
"The strange thing about all this is that the superintendent of the school district was standing with him and told him to give him the check," the businessman said. The businessman defended his own actions by stating that "if I didn't have money someone else would."
An estimate of school revenue in Kansas lost through fraudulent practices such as those described would be impossible. State education department officials deny that fraudulent practices exist. But they do the loss is probably small compared to total expenditures.
Douglas County Lake is a state-
owned lake and is primarily a
fishing lake. Swimming, saki-
ng and boating are all prohibited.
The four courts located behind the Field House were built by the KU Association for the varsity tennis team. The variety used the courts in every day, in every day, Shenk said. The court are open to other KU students who wish to play.
Shenk said that the courts below Robinson were used during the day until about 3:30 p.m. for classes. He said that any time the courts were not being used for classes they were open for classes. Three of the courts were lighted up 2 p.m., Shenk said.
One type of waste caused by padding of budget requests has probably disappeared because of
Students Create Demand For More Tennis Courts
ONE OFFICIAL several years ago had $1500 dollars which she had not spent by the end of the year. And she would spend the money to maintain her budget at a level equal to the previous year's and so that the state would not be able to limit expenditures on her annual cost of the current year's expenditures.
four courts behind Allen Field House, and two courts by the stadium.
After receiving bids, she purchased a piece of equipment which was used for one year in the principal's office. Then it was allowed to collect dust in a corner of the room, and secretary who had operated it moved to another job. Her successor did not learn to operate it.
stringent budgeting required by the tax id Extrada funds are charged to all budgets, budgets, which are limited to 5 per cent yearly increase to cover the tax.
Most district: have been forced to trim expenditures to meet their budgets, and many officials aid that they were being forced to pay for education offered in their schools; lack of adequate finances.
For the past few years, however the school budgets of much smaller towns cover even actual necessary items, much less machines that be seldom used. Officals said that the tax lid had forced them to examine every extenuated ability to able to stretch their budget.
ASCHOOL district may be able to finance the education of the disadvantaged child as required by state law, and may be able to offer the gifted child any more than the average student. The school and average classroom instruction. Although the money may not be wanted on these needs, the school cannot be spent on more pressing needs in, the school district, because the state rather than the district provides offices in the individual schools.
Shenk said that he hoped to get more tennis courts within the next year or so. He said there was a great demand for more courts because of his wife, who often had to wait in line for several hours to get a court.
Most school officials said they felt they were doing the best they could to provide quality education to students in taxpayer. But the officials deplored the lack of finances and that the quality of public education in Kansas was being affected the noticeable lack of funding.
The growing popularity of tennis these days isn't being matched by a comparable number of other courts available to KU students. Henry Shenk, chairman of the physical education department, said Friday that the University's 11 tennis courts were in constant use.
SOLUTIONS TO the problem of adequate financing for public schools have been proposed from all sides. They range from the arts activities, (which usually would result in the saving of little money, to financing schools with both federal and state tax credits) to the boards retaining full control of the methods of expenditure.
KU Prof Says Study Shows Whites' Ignorance of Blacks
At present, only certain areas are eligible to be financed by federal money. Sometimes there are restrictions or a school district may be able to purchase the finest in language laboratory equipment, but may be forced by a tight budget to hire a language teacher, who had no experience teaching experience. The salary would be less than for a more experienced teacher, who would be expected to utilize the computer and teach more effectively than in the classroom teacher.
Shenk said he thought that the increased interest in tennis was champion tennis team being made available to him. He said that more high schools were offering tennis courses, the colleges, courses and the Lawrence Recreation Department was offering tennis classes each year.
"I don't know if we could ever get enough courts to satisfy everyone." Shenk said.
"There are a lot more people learning to play tennis," Shenk said, "and once you learn you want to keep playing."
The University tennis facilities consist of five courts located below Robinson Gymnasium.
Shenk said the two courts by the stadium were in good shape and were available to student.
By JAMES KENDELL
This was one of the major milestones in the history of sociology. March 1971 by George Ruizer, associate professor of sociology. Analysis of the data was published in the Journal.
White students know little about black leaders but have no trouble expressing opinions about them and their organizations.
TO MAKE the study, Kitzer students 125 randomly chosen from each class. No black students participated in the
The study also indicated that the more a white student knew about black leaders, the more he felt comfortable in addressing black leaders and organizations.
Most studies of race relations have concentrated on black attitudes toward black leaders and whites, he said.
Ritzer said he chose to study white knowledge of and attitudes toward the arts in organizations because very few studies had been made of this field.
The students were asked ten true-false questions to determine which leaders and were also asked whether they approved of ten black leaders and organizations that asked them questions were difficult ones such as "Denmark Verse was a slave verse" or "easy ones like "Thurgood
This tends to confirm the point that students are ignorant of how people express attitudes about organizations and leaders.
The mean approval score was 3.89 and the mean disapproval score was 1.80.
THE FIGURES showed that students expressed twice as many definite opinions about black leaders and organizations
as the number of right answers they gave.
THE TEN ORGANIZATIONS and leaders that students were asked to approve or disapprove of included the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Roy Wilkins and Elia Muhammad Wright.
The knowledge-approval
composition was 0.421. A perfect
compiled the figures of the study
last semester and spent this
month.
Marshall is a United States Supreme Court Justice" (true).
In the approval-disapproval section, the average student approved of nearly four black organizations ad leaders, almost two and was uncertain nor had heard of other four
The mean number of correctly answered questions was 2.8 and the mean number of wrong answers was 1.2. No one got all four persons answered nine questions; right; 41 got more right. Ten persons said they didn't know the answers to any of the questions. Students were instructed to say that they knew rather than guess.
Tom Dixon, Lawrence senior and sociology major, said the study showed that the more a student knew, the more likely he was to approve of black leaders in schools. The correlation between knowledge and approval was the highest correlation in the study.
The average response of students had almost three of the knowledge questions about black leaders answered correctly, slightly more than one wrong and no knowledge of the other six.
The study showed that males knew more about race relations than females and were more likely to approve. While this group was significantly different, neither males nor females knew very much.
Ritzer observed, "White students don't know very much about race relations."
RITZER SAID the implication of this finding was that if whites were more likely to approve black leaders' relations, they would be more likely to approve of black leaders' relations.
The more education and income a student's parents had, the more knowledgeable and likely to approve the student was. Liberal and radical actions in student government were more knowledgeable and approving, according to the study.
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