University Daily Kansan
Monday, April 3.1972
Welfare Problems Persist ..
5
Continued from page 1
There are two facts that are central to the understanding of the current welfare situation:
First, the current welfare laws which apply to the poor fall into two categories: "public assistance" in the Social Security Act of 1835. That act and the present law require assistance to the blind, the aged, the disabled and dependent families.
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Until the 60s, the prevailing idea was that there would always be poverty and that to remove it, businesses needed to have needed was some bootstrap pulling. In the 60s poverty did not matter and but welfare costs skircroaked.
SECOND, THE conditions passed were those of depression when the specific problem was men who wanted and were able to resist it.
In 1960, 38.4 million or 21.5 per cent of all Americans were living below the poverty level; in 1964, 36.1 million or 18.8 per cent lived in poverty and in 1968 the figures had risen to 25.4 million, 12.7 per cent.
While the number of poor persons decreased, the number of welfare recipients increased.
In the 1960-68 period, total federal aid to the poor rose from $9.8 to $21.7 billion a year. Public rose from $3.8 to $8.8 billion.
days and a postage advertised expreased
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NOT ONLY DID the number of families with Dependent Children (ADC), which is also known as Aid to Families with Dependent Children.
ADC costs rise from $1.1 billion in 1960 to $4.9 billion in 1970. In the 15 years after 1955, the proportion of children receiving assistance has more than doubled from 30 children per 1,000 to about 60 per 1,000.
In contrast, during the '60s, old age payments remained constant at $1.9 billion and their numbers increased from $2.3 to $2.1 million.
The main reason ADC is to controversial has to do with its sexual connotations, according to the United Nations Social Welfare. The public tends
to associate ADC with illegitimate children andreacts against the idea of promoting it by providing it through welfare benefits.
The change in the nature of welfare and the way in which those in control of the funds view the state lie between the old and the new.
Under the current system, no family that is male-headed is permitted. A circumstance that tends to create female-headed welfare families. FAP has a provision which would mean a woman in a household receiving aid.
The old view is derived from the idea that poverty resulted from the sin and vice of the poor and was necessary for a balanced society.
From this came the American ideal that each man should earn in proportion to his production in which man didn't work, he shouldn't eat.
THIS FEELING was still there. THIS FEELING was still there. Hoover made a campaign speech in which he summed up the advantages of the american Way. He summed up the advantages of the american Way.
The height of this sentiment perhaps occurred around the turn of the century when the robber barons of American industry were proclaiming in their gospel that he had placed his servants in their homes.
"We were challenged with a peacelet choice between the rugged individualism and a European philosophy of diametrically opposed doctrines—doctrines of individualism. The acceptance of these ideas would have meant the destruction of centralization of government.
"It would have meant the undermining of the individual initiative and enterprise through the unparalleled greatness."
It is this question of initiative and incentive which the opponents of welfare most often use in their arguments.
Why should a man get up early in the day, they ask himself if he will have to give a portion of it to a man who does not notice him when he arrives at men's up.
The Class of 1973 will press-
press at 4 p.m. on Saturday, April 8,
in Hoch Auditorium. The concert will
climax the week of Jayhawk
Another reason the concert is scheduled at 10 p. m. is to enable people to attend the free rock concert at Potter Lake Saturday morning without having to rush to get to the Brewers and Shipkey concert.
Juniors to Present Brewer and Shipley
The late hour of the concert is an attempt to solve the problems of what to do after a concert, Doug Rose, Olate junior and junior class president, said Friday. He said that having the concert before dinner or doing things before the concert and end the evening with the concert.
Tickets are available at the SUA office, Kief's. Primarily Leather, and at the information board on Jayhawk Boulevard for $2.75, $2.50 and $2.25. About 1,700 tickets were sold since they went on sale Monday.
According to Rose, members of the junior class who have paid their class dues can receive 16 cents on off any price of tickets. Priority seating in a section close to the classroom will reserved for junior class members.
There will be a Banquet-of-Nature featuring two lines of different wines from the cafeteria from 4:30 to 6 p.m. There will also be a cultural program at 5 p.m. in the Grand Ballroom at Temple Included haskell Indian Junior College, will present musical sources from their parts of the world
Brewer and Shipley will be accompanied by Funk 'N' Punch, which will provide minutes of the concert. Funk 'N' Punch play "cosmic blues," which will give variety to the band. Brewer and Shipley, Rose said.
As Boland describes it, the rich receive their welfare under the label of subsidies and tax breaks that provide benefits but they loudly criticize a far less adequate and equitable form of welfare and out to those who really need it.
Association on
Amman, Jordan.
The event, sponsored by
International Club, is designed
as an opportunity to become
foreign students at the
University.
Admission-free exhibits will be open on the second floor of the Union from 2 to 6.30 p.m. and from 9 to 10 p.m.
AN ADC CATEGORY is necessary for a humane anti-welfare argument, and the lack of an antiwelfare recipient welfare recipients is detrimental.
New York Ad Expert To Talk on Creativity
International Night at the University of Kansas will be Saturday in the Kansas Union
William Bernbach, chairman of Doyle, Dane, Bernbach, Inc., a New York City advertising agency which does the Volkswagen and Avail campaigns;瓦尔塞河 Church and Aux Memorial Lecture of the William White School of Journalism April 12.
K扎 placed the welfare fraud figure at a higher five per cent but stressed that it was far below the fraud percentage of more than 20.
OPPONENTS OF this theory are quick to point out that initiative and incentives do not work in the same way on the double standard of welfare.
Another point supporters of welfare make in defense of their own beliefs is that fraud is not a problem. According to a pamphlet published the League of Women for Justice's 1980 book, show that less than one per cent of persons receiving aid have any financial need. Cheating on federal income tax reports, however, (by people not on the withholding plan), runs up to about $200,000.
International Club to Offer Dinner, Exhibit
Tickets to the dinner are on sale at Raney Drug Stores and the Kansas Union Information Counter.
stop working and let someone else support him?
Bernbach will present a talk, "The Heart of Creativity" accompanied by a film, at 1:30 p.m. in the Kansas Union campus to James Dykes, KU professor, journalism, who is handling arrangements for the Church Lecture.
It has become an accepted part of American society that old cripples, the blind or anyone who is not well, and unable to compete in the marketplace will be allowed to live. If they depend entirely on insurance, but well at least, they are not left to starve. From the New Deal on there seems to have been an American consensus that no one should go hungry.
As time passed and the nation became wealthier, a trend toward prevention led to alleviation of distress was not enough, that greater stress had to be put on prevention, be paid for prevention and economic opportunity.
As the country advanced and the distribution of income became more equal and more plentiful, it looked as if the American Dream might turn to poverty. The real trouble was that poverty refused
The Church Lecture series honors a 1920 KU journalism who founded Church-Richards Riekers, promoting agency in Chicago. After Church's death in 1964, friends and associates协助 to support the lectures and scholarships for KU students.
Twice selected Advertising Man of the Year, Bernbach is a member of the Copywriter's Hall of Fame and has served as a member of the American Association of Advertising Agencies (AAAA).
Dykes said a moon luncheon costing $2.25 and an 11 a.m. public reception would precede the luncheon reservation at April 10.
AS DANIEL K. Moynhan, counselor to the president on urban affairs at University of Arizona, sat in front of a speaker named "America was-is"-supposed to be something glorious, and it turns out to be something less glorious.
One of the reasons the prosperous '60s could not rid the country of the spector of poverty may have been that, for the first time, a man who was that what left was what had always been there and always ignored.
Bernbach, whose agency has stressed low-pressure, uncluttered advertising since its founding in 1949, is generally a leader of the "creative revolution" in advertising today.
According to Katz and many commentators on poverty and the impoverished, the current long-term, generational poverty."
Katz quoted authors such as Oscar Lewis to develop the theory that there is a subculture of poverty which tends to per-
These people live in what has been called a subculture of apathy and despair which hinders work against the urge "stronger struggle."
"THERE ARE psychological and social blocks to getting out," Katz said. "These lead to despair and a weakening of aspirations."
"They do have aspirations for a better life and would like something better.
"In one word, no," Katz replied.
Is Nixon's Family Assistance Plan (FAP) the answer?
"They are unhappy and do struggle the best way they know how."
"There is no one individual answer, but a combination of policies could do it."
He stressed that the jobs would have to be "meaningful and dignified."
Katz said the only time he could think of that good jobs were given under a government work program. At the University of WPA, a Depression relief program of the '30s, that offered jobs to professionals and subprofessionals who could work at the theatre and writing projects.
"TRADITIONALLY"WORK
PROPRIETARY
to discourage job-takers," he said,
"by giving them the most menial,
least interesting and least畏
fearful."
The second thing the government should do, he said, is to suspend those who cannot work, for those who are "outside the economic system."
This guaranteed income should not be merely minimal but should be adequate, he said.
"We bought the minimal insurance company.com and we looked on as an emergency," he said. "We are now looking at long-term
He went on to cite research, indicating a relationship between malnutrition and mental retardation and mentioned that the people who most often suffer from malnutrition were the poor.
"THERE IS EVIDENCE of fact that people in generations have had no other income sources besides welfare. main state statutes in depressions."
The underlying theory of Katz's views on welfare is that of the cybernetic revolution. He argues that the beginning of a technological cybernetic revolution" and that "at some point we will need less
This will bring about "a larger structural unemployment employment burden where more people will be hired in jobs in the marketplace," he said.
HE DID NOT think that the existing economic system had to be eliminated but that it would have to be modified. The major problem he thought necessary was that of better distribution.
Katz said he thought that the economic system shaped the political system and that economic conditions would influence technological revolution and its low demand for a "large labor pool."
"in our system, there are three ways to make money," he said. "You can invest capital if he has any or transfer payments (welfare)."
and less labor to produce more goods and services."
The important thing, he said,
was to provide a way for a larger
number of persons to maintain
their purchasing power.
According to Katz, there is just as great a problem today with poor people as there ever has been. For example, one-third of the American public lives at a level which can be described as "less than adequate" and about one-fifth less than minimal conditions.
ONE OF THE reasons that the welfare provider did not go away are that there is a large number of people who are technically eligible for benefits than who received them.
Katz gave the figure of eight million as the number receiving some form of welfare and 20 million as number living below the government level of $3,650 for a family of four. He said that the Bureau of labor statistics had established $800 as "adatee" for such a family.
and in effect
He sees the transfer tend to the poor not as an altruistic gesture, but one that will safeguard the economic system.
"The greatest protection to middle income status is to give adequate incomes to the poor," he said.
Why give the poor money?
"This would avoid the threat of a political revolution because of economic iniquity.
"PERHAPS SUCH a revolution would not be successful, but it didn't want to live with that threat and pay higher taxes to avoid it."
Another reason to help the poor is that "social justice demands we be equal, but at least something." It seems that Constitution to support this point and added that this better distribution would make for a better society.
The film "Who Should Survive" will be shown at 7:30 p.m. Wednesday in the Forum Room of the Kansas Union. The film, sponsored by Biology 80 class, depicts medical and ethical questions surrounding the power of science to control human destiny. Following the film two Lawrence physicians will answer questions and comment on the film.
E. J. Zeller, professor of geology, will speak on the geological character of the inner planets in comparison to the earth and moon at 4:30 p.m.
Geology Prof to Speak
Katz answered this question by explaining that the poor did not understand how to finance their money on necessities that tended to stimulate economic growth.
Science Film Wednesday
What has to be given up to divert these resources to the poor?
Applications for Owl Society, junior men's honorary, are now available from the Alumni Association office in the Kansas Union. Approximately 25 to 30 sophomores will be selected for membership and will receive a scholarship for community involvement. Applications are due April 11.
Recycling and land fill, two proposals of Douglas County of officials, will be discussed at the regional meeting sponsored by the Sierra Club at the Regional Recycling Center.
Owl Society Applications
"One can hope." he said. "the
Sierra Club Tuesday
"IF A CHOICE must be made, everyone has different priorities. It might be from defense or it might be from people might think that the money spent for interplanetary travel could be better spent at home."
IN 1965, CHARLES silberman responded to the heralds of the cybernetic revolution in a FOERTING process. He asserted that 'no fully automated process exists for any major product in any industry in the U. S.'
"Nor is any in prospect in the
moment of change, and more
the extent and growth of more
partially automated processes
have been widely exaggerated by
GNP would grow and develop so no choice would have to be made to find the money for the transfer payments.
There is, in fact, no technological barrier to full employment."
Another objection is that the centralization of information required for a computerized society would constitute a serious threat to the right of privacy, and that its designs would outweigh its benefits.
THE VISION of a computer directing machines to mine ore, turn it into fuel, run generating cars, program itself, repair itself, make television programs and movies and do practically everything we need done, thus freeing man to live a life of ease, with no thought to problems of survival, is an inference that we give one, but it is still just a vision.
The questions are numerous and no one predicts an early death. It is likely poverty. Certainly, neither Congress nor the President is about to begin handing out money in cash unless they just are not about to withdraw all welfare benefits and there is a solitely no source of sustenance.
What if those members of the lower classes who develop middle-class mentality sub-depend upon the system is required to learn jobs?
Couplied with this is the very real question of the finiteness of the environment. As some of us may know, technology has always depended on technology to find a way out of all his problems. Technological innovation has created a sense of urgency and compulsion. If indeed the environment is finite and we are reaching its limits, then the question is not of raising the environment higher but curtailing that of the affluent.
Because those who work subsidize university educations with their tax money, it may be the first welfare population
The best that can be hoped for
of the results is FAP or its Ribicone mutation a bill scored from both sides as best too extreme, in both groups.
WHAT'S YOUR SCENE FOR THE SUMMER OF 72?
Check Now on Our "No Obligation" Testing - Physical - Application Procedure
Robert Langbaum
The Mysteries of Identity As A Theme In T.S. Eliot's Plays
Make the Air Force Scene as an Officer and Pilot.
will speak tomorrow
8 p.m. Woodruff Auditorium Sponsored by Humanities Lecture Series
For the whole 9 yards, rap with Your Air Force Representative at the Student Union, 5 & 6 April; or call 843-3000, anytime.
Will you have a degree and no place to go?
NO OBLIGATION—DIG?
Let Us Show You Where It's At!!
ANTHRO STUDENTS
Want to know more about KU's summer field work program in archeology?
Discussion & Slides by
Dr. Al Johnson
Tues, April 4 7:30 p.m.
2125 Quail Creek Dr.
Non-archeology students invited too!
GODAR
SUA Special Films presents
Pierrot Le Fou
by Jean-Luc Godard
starring
Jean-Paul Belmondo
Anna Karina
day April 3 7E5 Woodruff
Monday April 3 75 $^{c}$ Woodruff 7:30 D
R Color by Inckenbach & Pearson Picture
All Seats $2.00
No Twilight Prices
R COLOR United Artists
Theater Policy
Starting
Motherhood
Ringo Star The Adventure Bibel
Daily 4:20:7-35:95
Early Matinee Sat. 2:30
THEATER POLICY
- Tickets on sale for that day per person
- No extra fees on tickets
- No reserved seats or tickets
- All ticket sales final
"200 MOTELS"
Hillcrest
Show Times Mon & Tues
Matinee—2:0 p.m. only
Evening—8:0 p.m. only
Hillcrest
COLUMBIA PICTURES
JEAN-CLAUDE BRALY
ERIC ROHMER
OLIARE'S KNEES
GF
"INCISIVE WIT AND INTELLECTUAL STIMULATION."
Daily 4:15-7:30-9:25
Early Mat. Sat.-Sun. 2:20
Hillcrest
WALT DISNEY
Bedknobs and Broomsticks
Eve shows 7-39, 30
Continuous Shows thru
Mon, from 1:00 p.m.
WON! THU TUES
WON! THU TUES
Granada
THEATRE...telephone V3-3744
EASTMANCOLOR
TUESDAY, APRIL 4
7:30 p.m.
Hoch Auditorium
ADMISSION FREE
In Spanish Only
con ANGEL GARASA ROSA MARIA VAZQUEZ
Actuación especial de
Direção por MIGUEL M. DELGADO Produção por IACQUES GELMAN
Distribulda por COLUMBIA PICTURES