6A = THE UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
GAMBLING
FRIDAY,MAY2,2003
7
Gambling CONTINUED FROM PAGE TA
them they may not participate in gambling of any sort, on collegiate or professional athletics. That's in any form."
Officials in the Kansas Athletic Department address the issue with all student athletes three times a year. Those sessions sometimes include lecturers and a question and answer session, in which any confusion about the policies can be cleared up.
The NCAA firmly opposes all types of sports wagering, legal or not. According to the NCAA Web site, the NCAA believes that the amateur nature of college athletics makes their athletes prime targets for organized crime and gambling outfits that wish to tamper with and influence the outcome of games.
The gambling education policies at Kansas are similar to those of other NCAA schools. Kansas State and Missouri also have regular orientation sessions that reinforce the schools' and NCAA's stance on the issue.
"We all have meetings with our student athletes at least twice a year," said Erick Harper, Kansas State's director of compliance. "Obviously, gambling is stressed in our meetings."
Kansas goes beyond the NCAA's recommended policies by getting student athletes involved in the education process. The University tries to get members of the Student Athlete Advisory Committee, which is made up of representatives from each of Kansas' varsity sports, to relay messages about gambling and other issues during their meetings.
"In each of those meetings, the people who are elected from their sports go back and report to their teams," Martin said. "What I hope happens is some peer counseling as a result of that."
A Coach's Worry
During the 1950s, college basketball was rocked by a point
shaving scandal involving the 1951 NCAA champion Kentucky Wildcats. Phog Allen, who was Kansas' coach at the time, was so sure gamblers would try to influence Jayhawk players when the team traveled to New York, that they weren't allowed to be alone.
"Phog wouldn't let us go to the bathroom by ourselves," Kansas basketball Hall of Famer Clyde Lovellette said in the book Tales from the Jayhawks' Hardwood by Mark Stallard. "Even if someone came up to you and said, 'Hi, how are you guys going to do tonight?' coach Allen wanted to know about it."
Today, Kansas coaches allow their players more freedom.
"You have to trust your players," Kansas football coach Mark Mangino said. "Trust is a two-way street. They have to trust my judgment and I have to trust them."
While Jayhawks are allowed to roam on their own during road trips, coaches still take an active role in relaying the anti-gambling message to their players.
"We talk to our players about all facets of life," Mangino said.
"During two-a-days, we bring in a counselor dealing with gambling. Gambling is something that everybody worries about. You can't be with your kids 24 hours a day, but we try to educate our kids about those things."
The Trip to Vegas
Some situations call for the coach to limit the amount of free time, however.
When the football team traveled to Las Vegas to play the University of Nevada, Las Vegas last September, Kansas players were not allowed to walk along the strip or visit casinos.
"We took the buses and drove up and down the strip," Mangino said. "It was so they could get a feel for Las Vegas, but I didn't want them to get off the bus or go into casinos because we were supposed to be focused on a football game."
UNLV athletes deal with that kind of lock down year round.
Since the campus lies right in the center of the gambling universe, UNLV's compliance policies regarding gambling are more comprehensive than at most other NCAA institutions.
"Our student athletes are aware of the community," said Eric Toliver, UNLV's director of compliance. "They get about five or six rules education sessions per semester on the pitfalls of gambling."
Toliver said the city's casinos and gambling centers helped the university keep student athletes in line.
"If a casino or gambling property suspects that a student athlete is in there they will be the first ones to give our institution a call." Toliver said.
Write the off limits to the Jayhawks, KU officials are more lax when it comes to casinos near Lawrence.
While the Vegas casinos were
"If they are of age and are just going to play blackjack or craps, and they are not placing any bets on college or profes-
know to keep insider information to themselves.
One of the keys to preventing incidents is to make sure athletes
Athletes who acquire gambling debts pose another problem in college sports.
Kansas warns athletes in nonrevenue sports that gamblers may try to get information about higher-profile athletes.
"They may be friends with a football player or a basketball player." Martin said. "We always warn them to be wary, that if it seems odd that someone asks them about the starting quarterback's injury last weekend, they need to be careful they are not giving out information someone may use to place a bet."
sional sports, then it is OK," Martin Kansas" compliance director, said.
"You have to trust your players. Trust is a twoway street. They have to trust my judgment so I have to trust them."
In 1998, former Nebraska wrestling coach Tim Neumann gave a Cornhushwrist wrestler $500
But, student athletes, who host visiting recruits, are not allowed to entertain them at casinos, even if all parties are of age. However, athletes may play state lotteries without jeopardizing eligibility.
The FBI estimates that about $2.5 billion a year is illegally gambled on the NCAA Division I men's basketball championship. While the majority of the wagers, either legal or illegal, are placed on men's basketball and football, athletes who play lower profile sports are also susceptible to gambling related problems.
Mark Mangino
Kansas football coach
Not Just a Major Sport Issue
to settle a debt with a bookm a k er . According to the NCAA infraction report, the wrestler had placed bets on up to seven professional and college football games a week, racking up a debt of
$2,000.
As a result of the incident Neumann resigned. Nebraska is currently serving a two-year probation dealt out by the NCAA.
Nebaska's current coach, Mark Manning, said they have given more attention to educating their student athletes about gambling.
"Our compliance officers have talked to all our athletes as whole and individually." he said.
The Big 12 Conference also conducted a three-day rules seminar and athletic department review on the Nebraska campus. Manning and his staff have received additional training on the rules regarding gambling.
Why Risk It?
selves in a desirable situation, one that they must work hard to achieve and maintain. So, the question remains: why would a college athlete risk the scholarships and prestige that comes with the territory?
It may have a special hold on athletes. An athlete's personality might be conducive to becoming a compulsive gambler, said Edward Looney, a certified gambling counselor and executive director of the Counsel on Compulsive Gambling of New Jersey. When athletes lose a bet, their competitive nature drives them to continue wagering until they win, while a typical gambler will cut his losses and go home, he said. A gambling addiction could lead to other problems. Looney said.
"They're in the grip of an illness," Looney said. "Without treatment, their lives will get progressively worse. They will lose their career in football, basketball, baseball; they'll risk everything. They will even face jail because 80 percent of compulsive gamblers will do something illegal."
In Florida, police investigators said McPherson turned to stealing as an attempt to cover gambling losses.
He tried to revive his playing career after leaving Florida State. He transferred to Murray State, an NCAA Division I-AA school in Kentucky, but he dropped out less than a month after the school said he could not join the team until his legal problems were taken care of. Even if acquitted of the charges, it might be difficult to resume a college career, both on the field and off.
"I think he realized his football career would be put on hold indefinitely." Murray State athletic director E.W. Dennison told CollegeSports.com in February. "He's been at home for two weeks attending to legal matters, which has kept him away from classes and put him behind academically."
Student athletes find them- Edited by Jason Elliott
NCAA by law 10.3 Gambling Activities
Staff members of a member conference, staff members of the athletics department of a member institution and student athletes shall not knowingly: (a) Provide information to
individuals involved in organized gambling activities concerning intercollegiate athletics competition;
(b) Solicit a bet on any
(c) Accept a bet on any team representing the institution
(d) Solicit or accept a bet on any intercollegiate competition for any item (e.g., cash, shirt, dinner) that has tangible value; or
(e) Participate in any gambling activity that involves intercollegiate athletics or professional athletics, through a bookmaker, a parlay card or any other method employed by organized gambling.
SANCTIONS
(a) A student athlete who engages in activities designed to influence the outcome of an intercollegiate contest or in an effort to affect win-loss margins (i.e., "point shaving") or who solicits or accepts a bet or participates in any gambling activity through a bookmaker, a parlay card or other method employed by organized gambling that involves wagering on student athlete's institution shall permanently lose all remaining regular-season and post season eligibility in all sports.
(b) A student athlete who solicits or accepts a bet or participates in any gambling activity that involves intercollegiate athletics or professional athletics, through a bookmaker, or parlay card or any other method employed by organized gambling, shall be ineligible for all regular-season and postseason competition for a minimum of a period of one year from the date of the institution's determination that a violation has occurred and shall be charged with the loss of a minimum of one season of competition. A request for reinstatement may be submitted on behalf of a student athlete who has participated in such and activity only upon fulfillment of the minimum condition indicated above. If the student athlete is determined to be involved in a subsequent violation or any portion of Bylaw 10.3, the student athlete shall permanently lose all remaining regular-season and postseason eligibility in all sports.
Information from www.NCAA.org
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图 6-28 右上角为四根管根管近端,管壁较薄;左下角为四根管根管远端,管壁较厚。