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University Daily Kansan
Fridav. Oct. 19. 1962
Agricultural Problems Slow China's Progress
WASHINGTON — (UPI) — An agriculture department study shows that hunger, malnutrition, and famine induced by three crippling crop failures have forced Communist China to halt industrial expansion, cut back farm exports, and make emergency purchases of food grains.
The department's Economic Research Service (ERS) said the keynote of economic policy in Red China during the first 11 years of communist rule has been to export farm products to pay for the machinery and equipment needed to industrialize the country.
BUT INEPTNESS OF FARM policies, coupled with unfavorable weather, brought three poor crop years in a row. The result was hunger, malnutrition, and famine, according to the general picture of Communist China's trade in farm products, pieced together from fragmentary data. Even so, ERS said, Red China has not abandoned her basic objective of farm trade for industrial items. In this way China can save her scarce foreign exchange.
ERS economists see little hope for betterment of China's agriculture so long as the Communist leadership rules. As a result of destruction of China's free-enterprise structure of farming, agriculture has buckled under the burden of providing food and fiber for use at home and for sales abroad. ERS said gross mismanagement of farm resources by the authorities, who put politics over and above sound farming practices, has been the leading cause.
THE UNITED STATES AND China, the two largest producers of
farm products, compete in the agricultural markets of the free world, especially in western Europe and Japan.
Chinese farm exports to the free world dropped in 1959 and 1960. Exports to the Soviet Union rose sharply in 1959, but in 1960 were cut back far more sharply than those to the free world.
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The article, on current trends and philosophies in industrial engineering education, is written by Edward J. McBride and Elmo Lindquist, professor and associate professor, respectively, of mechanical engineering.
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