NATION/WORLD
UniversityDailyKansan/Thursday,January 30,1992
5
NATION/WORLD BRIEFS
Moscow
Mideast peace conference ends
The multinational Middle East conference ended on an upbeat note yesterday with Arab, Israeli and Western delegates set to hold a series of meetings this spring.
Although marred by a Palestinian boycott and the absence of Syria and Lebanon, the meeting added a sense of substance and continuity to the fragile U.S.-brokered peace process.
It drew an impressive cross-section of the Arab world, the United States and Russia, the Europeans, China, Japan, Turkey and Canada.
Delegates spoke of water-sharing, the environment and the need to cut crippling defense spending.
New Delhi, India
India, Israel restore full relations
India said yesterday it was establishing full relations with Israel, reversing a 40-year policy of diplomatic exclusion of the Jewish state.
After Israel instituted diplomatic ties with China on Saturday, India had been the largest nation still withholding full relations.
Foreign Minister J. N. Dixit said the upward rate of ambassador's stock effect immediately.
sadar took care of it.
Israel has a consulate in Bombay, India's commercial center, but India has had no representative in Israel.
Manila, Philippines Marcos arrested, free on bond
imeda Marcos was arrested yesterday for keeping unauthorized overseas bank accounts. She said the arrest was harassment to keep her from running for president.
The 62-year-old widow of former President Ferdinand Marcos was booked and fingerprinted at a police station.
On a phone call she:
She was freed after posting $1,132 bond.
She was freed after posting $1,132 bond
The warrant, issued Jan. 14, accused two
coses of insider trading in the company's
barring Filipinos from maintaining foreign
currency accounts abroad without permission.
Russia to cut weapons spending
MOSCOW—Boris Yeltsin unveiled a plan to cut nuclear weapons spending yesterday and urged the United States and other nuclear powers to "move much farther along the road" to disarmament.
The Associated Press
In a dramatic shift away from more than 40 years of Cold War hostility, the Russian president said his republic's nuclear warheads would no longer be aimed at any targets in the United States.
Yeltsin's first significant pronouncement on disarmament came only a few hours after President Bush proposed in his State of the Union speech that the United States and Russia take big bites from their nuclear arsenal.
In a nationwide broadcast, Yeltsin told the Russian people he was ending production of two big bombers and long-range cruise missile systems, in preparation for development of new offensive nuclear weapons.
Those were among several cutbacks in
nuclear programs designed to reduce Russian military spending 10 percent this year. Added to last year's 20 percent cut, Russia will be able to focus more resources on urgent consumer needs and restructure its crippled economy.
As his taped speech was broadcasted, Yeltsin told Secretary of State James Baker that Russia would no longer target its long-range missiles on U.S. civilian or military sites. On Saturday, Yeltsin said in a television interview that Russia would not aim at U.S. cities, but he did not mention military bases.
"We no longer view the United States as a foe," Russian Foreign Minister Andrei Kozyrev said after the meeting. He said Yeltsin intended to establish a completely new relationship between the United States and Russia.
Yeltsin did not speak for Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan, the other former Soviet republics that have strategic nuclear
weapons on their soil. All four nations agreed last month to put nuclear weapons under a joint command, but there have been tensions over them about dividing the former Soviet military.
Marlin Fitzwater, White House press secretary, said Yeltsin's announcement set the stage for very productive talks at Saturday's meeting between Bush and Yeltsin at the presidential retreat at Camp David, Md.
Manfred Woerner, secretary-general of NAFO, said Yelain had committed himself to the fight.
Bush, in his speech Tuesday, offered to eliminate 1,500 of the 2,000 warheads on U.S. land-based long-range missiles, cut the warheads used by Iran and convert some bombers to non-nuclear roles.
He said Russia would have to eliminate the most potent land-based missiles in its arsenal — 154 SS-18s and 92 SS-24s that carry a total of 2,460 warheads.
Yeltsin said Russia had decided to:
- Take off alert about 600 land and seabase' long-range missiles carrying 1,250 warheads. Russia is believed to have about 1,035 missiles with 17,000 warheads.
Cut the number of missile-launching submarines on patrol by half, and end all such patrols if the United States did the same. It is likely that the launchers aboard six missile submarines.
Stop production of TU-180 "Black Jack" and TU-95M "Bear" bombers, the most powerful in the world, and of air- and sea-based cruise missiles.
Halt programs to modernize long-range offensive nuclear weapons.
Cut weapons purchases by 50 percent, decreasing the defense budget by a tenth.
Perhaps the most dramatic move was Yeltsin's decision to stop targeting nuclear material in Ukraine.
$60 million of high-tech goods sent to Iran
The Associated Press
WASHINGTON — The Bush administration approved $60 million worth of high-tech sales to Iran throughout 13 months starting in September of 1990, and most had potential military value, documents show.
Even as the Commerce Department was approving the exports last year, other government agencies were sounding alarms about the dangers of a new virus and its record as a supporter of terrorism.
More than half the sales, according to classified Commerce Department documents, were computer-related. And of the $33 million in computers, sales worth $30 million were approved without specific clearance from other involved agencies.
The items approved during a 13-month period starting in September 1990 required an export license because they were considered
"dual use" - meaning they could have civilian and military applications.
The procedure calls for Commerce to evaluate export applications by getting expert opinions from the departments of State, Defense and Energy. These agencies can either approve or reject the applications, or they can decide not to act on them.
The documents on Iran show that the bulk of the computer equipment was approved despite being stamped "return without action." Gary Milhollin, director of a private arms control advocacy group funded by the University of Wisconsin, said such a stamp was usually "a polite way of saying 'no.'" In some cases, he said, it means the agency lacks sufficient information to make a ruling.
The largest license application — by an Iranian engineering firm for $28.3 million in computer equipment — did not specify the end user, saying the commodities would be sold to
other unspecified countries. The departments of defense and state approved the application; the Department of Energy didn't act on it.
Milhollin, who analyzed the classified documents, said that in the past the Commerce Department had deferred to the expertise of the other agencies.
"Now, a new pattern has appeared," Milholin said. "Commerce can ignore the judgment of other agencies in order to promote exports."
The Commerce Department said it did not have any immediate comment.
Last year the department was stung by revelations that it had approved $1.5 billion in "dual use" exports to Iraq, some of which may have been used against U.S. forces fighting to expel the Iraqis from Kuwait.
In response, the administration took steps to tighten its export controls for the six countries on the terrorism-supporters list. They are Iran, Iraq, Syria, Cuba, North Korea and
Last year, the Commerce Department turned down $1.49 billion in exports to Iran, most of them for non-military aircraft, helicopters and engines for passenger airlines.
At the same time, it approved hundreds of thousands of dollars in exports of navigation, direction-finding, radar and airborne communication equipment to civilian Iranian airline firms.
The Commerce Department also approved $80,000 worth of oscilloscopes, devices used to monitor electrical impulses. Though oscilloscopes are used in a variety of common applications — television repair, for example — they are on a formal watch list of items designated by U.S. laboratories as useful in the production of nuclear bombs and ballistic missiles.
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