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University Daily Kansan Thursday, Dec. 12, 1963
Peasants, U.S. Favor Bolivian Government
By Phil Newsom
UPI Foreign News Analyst
When Victor Paz Estenssoro returned from Argentine exile to become president of Bolivia after a successful revolt in April, 1952, a prime move in his return was a labor leader named Juan Lechin Oquendo.
Since the 1940's the two had worked together in leadership of National Revolutionary Movement (MNR) and when Paz became president, Lechin assumed the post of Minister of Mining and Petroleum.
Lechin's power rested upon his control of the Communist-dominated tin miners' union. He himself has been described as a Trotskyite.
THE MNR was leftist. But upon the question just how far to the left, the two men separated.
For his part, Paz declared:
"In an economically dependent country like ours, an extremist revolution cannot be accomplished. Guarantees will be given to foreign capital on the condition that it brings real benefits to the country."
The Paz government has had two main supports. One came from the peasants who received land under government agrarian reform. The other source was the United States, which has supported the government with $250 million. This year's aid program is budgeted at $65 million.
U. S. AID to Bolivia is the largest per capita in Latin America.
The elections of 1960 named Paz president of the country for a second consecutive term and Lechin vice-president.
But, although operating under the same party banner, the two men had reached the end of the political ways.
Lechin went into virtual exile as Bolivian ambassador to the Vatican. He quit that post two months ago to take up active opposition to Paz, depending for his support upon the restless tin miners who still retained their weapons from the revolt of 1952.
HIS CAMPAIGN, both anti-Paz and anti-United States, is based upon opposition to government efforts to clean up the mess in the nationalized tin industry.
The mines, nationalized as one of the first acts of the 1952 revolution, are shot through with featherbedding and fraud. Exhaustion of once-rich veins, worn-out machinery and falling prices have added to the chaos in an industry accountable for 60 per cent of Bolivian exports.
It's dry as dust and only 16 pages long but the November 1983 list of publications of the State Geological Survey at KU is an essential reference for those persons concerned with the mineral resources of Kansas.
Government efforts to introduce economic reforms, including reduction in the work force, have met violent resistance.
Geology Publication List, Dry But Essential
Catalogued within the list are 167 bulletins, four special distribution publications, 28 oil and gas investigations, 13 mineral resource circulars, 16 maps, and nearly 40 miscellaneous volumes and publications.
Topographic maps—whose numbers require a separate circular—are also available.
The price for most of these publications ranges from 25 cents to $1 range. They can be ordered by mail from the survey offices at KU or purchased at the survey's Well Sample Library at 4150 Monroe, Wichita.
The Geological Survey has vast amounts of information concerning Kansas mineral resources.
In regard to oil and gas, the "libraries" contain 150,000 drillers logs, 45,000 electric and radioactivity logs.
More than 3,000 chemical analyses of Kansas rocks and minerals have been made and the file is constantly growing with chemical, spectrographic, petrographic and x-ray diffraction analyses.
and cuttings from 75,000 wells.
More than 2,000 samples of ceramic raw materials are filed.
More than 800 observation wells are measured periodically to gauge
the ground-water reserves underlying the states.
The sea-level elevations of all the benchmarks established in Kansas by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey are available in the offices at KU.
The geology files contain much unpublished data, including descriptions, measurements and maps of rock strata.
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