B
Tuesday, April 5, 1994
UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
Violence continues in Natal despite decree
The Associated Press
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa — As the four-day death toll in Natal Province surpassed 40, an ANC official complained yesterday that isolated areas had not received the peacekeeping troops promised under an emergency decree.
The state of emergency was declared Thursday for Natal, scene of most of the fighting between the African National Congress and the Zulu-based Inkatha Freedom Party. But there was no sign it was achieving the aim of quelling unrest before South Africa's first all-race election April 28-28.
That fueled speculation that a summit this week — including President F.W. de Klerk, ANC leader Nelson Mandela, Zulu King Goodwill Twelthini and Inkatha leader Mangosouth Buthelezi — may consider delaying the vote in Natal to gain more time to resolve Zulu autonomy demands.
International mediators were expected to arrive this week to begin hearings on the dispute, ANC representative Carl Niehaus said yesterday.
Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger confirmed that he and former British Foreign Minister Lord Carrington had been asked to participate.
However, Kissinger said he was still waiting for particulars about the proposed mediation and the outcome of Friday's summit.
But reports from KwaZulu police, South African police and independent peace monitors indicate that the total could exceed 60. The reports described isolated killings in riots that could not be verified.
Violence has killed at least 41 people since Thursday in Natal, which includes the KwaZulu homeland.
Natal and KwaZulu have vast rural areas where factional fighting mainly erupts. Much of the fighting pits Zulu supporters of the ANC against rivals from the Zulu nationalist Inkatha Freedom Party, led by Buthelezi.
The worst Easter weekend incident occurred Saturday night, when attackers who identified themselves as policemen killed nine members of a family of ANC supporters outside Port Shepstone, south of Durban.
Local ANC officials said yesterday that the South African troops deployed in Natal under the state of emergency were protecting industrial areas while ignoring rural areas.
On Thursday, de Klerk promised a "fairly large" deployment of army troops under the emergency. But at a news conference Saturday, military officials said only an extra 500 were being sent into the province for a total of 1,200 troops.
The ANC, the nation's leading Black group, is favored to win the election and head the first post-apartheid government. It has pledged to eliminate Black homelands, including KwaZulu, which were created under apartheid.
WASHINGTON — As the mostly Muslim town of Gorazde comes under intense Serb attack, the Clinton administration is not willing to undertake the kind of military operation that rescued Sarajevo's besieged civilians from a similar assault.
The conditions for intervening in Gorazde rule out even the application of U.S. air power — though Gorazde was designated a safe area by the United Nations last year.
U.S. reluctant to take action in Gorazde
Airpower should be used only in a way that advances prospects for peace in the former Yugoslavia.
U. S. officials cautioned that the Clinton administration strategy could change after Gen. John Shalikashvili, chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, returns today from the Balkans, where he met with NATO and U.N. officials.
But for the time being, they said, the United States would not recommend the use of force to its Western allies unless these conditions are met:
An air assault by NATO would
clearly reduce civilian casualties.
Any military mission must be clearly defined with a reasonable chance of success.
The reluctance to intervene contrasts with the joint decision by the United States and its European allies in February to bomb Serb artillery sites on the perimeter of Sarajevo unless heavy weapons either were turned over to the United Nations or withdrawn.
The Bosnian Serbs complied, setting the stage for a new spurt of U.S. diplomacy that resulted in agreement between the Muslim-led government and Bosnian Croats to form a union.
That was followed by a cease-fire agreement in Croatia between government and rebel Croatian Serb forces. Yesterday the two sides began pulling back their heavy weapons.
But in Gorazde, the Serbs launched a coordinated infantry, artillery and tank offensive, a U.N. representative said.
The administration's policy of steering clear of Gorazde surfaced Sunday when Defense Secretary William
Perry said the United States "will not enter the war" to stop Gorazde or Priedor from falling to the Serbs.
"At this point we don't have any specific plans around any of the safe havens," said Dee Dee Myers, the White House press secretary, underscoring Perry's statement.
Perry "was just accurately reflecting what's been NATO policy," she said.
The hands-off strategy is based partly on hope that the two recent diplomatic successes — Muslim-Croat reconciliation in Bosnia and the Croat-Serb cease-fire in Croatia — can be broadened. Specifically, the administration wants to induce the Bosnian Serbs to join the federation in Bosnia.
"We've seen some hopeful elements elsewhere," said Michael McCurry, the State Department spokesman. "We are trying to accelerate the process.
"Any use or threatened use of air power should be done in a way that contributes to the peace process."
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