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Ecumenical Council Considers Press, TV
VATICAN CITY — (UPI) — Ecumenical Council fathers today took up a decree on newspapers, television, and other communications media that has been criticized as too vague to waste time on.
The decree to be voted on today, gives a qualified endorsement to the concept of freedom of information and exhorts "all men of good will" to defend the "just freedoms" of the press and to help raise moral standards in movies, television, radio, literature, and the theater.
Thursday, Nov. 14, 1963 University Daily Kansan
THE MEASURE needed a two-thirds majority of unqualified yes votes for approval. Otherwise, it would go back to a drafting commission for revision.
It also says that "special care should be exercised to protect youth from literature and shows that may be harmful to their age" and asserts "the absolute primacy of the moral order" over the "rights of art."
THE DOCUMENT notes that the gathering and publishing of news has become a very important activity in a complex world in which the "close bonds between mankind make it necessary to society and to individuals to have information of what is going on."
But it declares that "not all knowledge is profitable" and emphasizes that "the communication of news must always be truthful" and guided by the spirit of "charity and justice."
"Civil authority should defend the just freedom of information, especially as regards the press," the schema says. It also urges government encouragement of "culture and the best phases of art."
"However, civil authority should also, by the promulication and execution of laws, prevent harm to the morals and progress of society through the bad use of these instruments."
Apparently anticipating charges of "censorship" on this count, the document adds that such laws should not involve "undue restriction of liberty of individuals or societies."
The council yesterday considered the authority to be given to such national bodies of bishops as the U.S. National Catholic Welfare Conference (NCWC).
Francis Cardinal Spellman of New York differed with the majority of the American bishops in his remarks that such groups should not be given authority to impose decisions on all bishops within the country.
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Prof. H. A. Ireland, professor of geography and advisor of the Arab-American Club, taught in Iraq in 1955-56. He believes the revolt centers around whether Iraq should align with Syria or the United Arab Republic.
The attempted coup in Iraq will fail and the federation of Syria and Iraq will go ahead as planned, a KU professor familiar with Arab affairs predicted yesterday after bearing news of the Iraq revolt.
Professor Foresees Failure of Iraq Coup
The Baathist Party, an Arab Socialist party, backs the regime of Premier Gen. Ahmed Hassan Bakr and President Abdul Salam Aref. The presidential palace was strafed yesterday and part of the military was reportedly in revolt.
PREMIER BAKR declared an indefinite curfew in the capital of Bagdad and asked for the citizenry's co-operation.
The attempt to overthrow the Bakr-Aref government followed the dismissal of Deputy Premier Saleh Saadi and the air force commander, Brig. Gen. Hardan Takriti.
Both men are leaders of the Unionist splinter group of the Baathist party, Prof. Ireland explained. The Unionists favor immediate union with the U.A.R., headed by Premier Abdul Gamal Nasser.
THE CONTROLLING Baathist party in Iraq now has switched to an anti-Nasser stand, Prof. Ireland said, and seeks federation with Syria.
The Baathists probably believe in
"The Syria-Iraq federation will mean co-operation in economic and military matters," Prof. Ireland said, "but each nation will maintain political sovereignty."
eventual Arab unity, he added, but they object to Nasser's methods of achieving it.
IF SYRIA and Iraq are federated, the union with Nasser's U.A.R. will be long delayed, Prof. Ireland said.
"Final agreement on the federation (Syria-Iraq) is expected soon," he added.
Syria recently pulled out of the U.A.R. because Nasser was placing Egyptians in high Syrian government posts and was pushing Arab unity too fast, Prof. Ireland believes.
Nasser is tremendously popular with Arabs, and "Egyptians would fight for him to the man." Prof. Ireland said, because the U.A.R. premier has been able to improve the country and accept Communist aid without losing the country's independence.
YEMEN AND EGYPT are now the only members of the U.A.R
The premier of Iraq from 1958 until last February, Abdul Karim Kassem, was thrown out because he had become involved with the Communists by accepting too much aid, Prof. Ireland maintained.
"Kassem had involved himself so much that it was beyond his power to resist the subtle infiltration of the Communists, despite his renunciation of Communist principles," he explained.
THE ARABS could never be Communists because they are highly individualistic. "They will not recognize authority they cannot respect." Prof. Ireland explained, so they have difficulty forming armies and organizing the people.
The Kurds, a nomadic tribe, are reported to be opposing the Bakr-Aref government.
"The Kurds object to any regime," Prof. Ireland commented. "They are independent and recognize only their own leaders."
Prof. Ireland spent three weeks traveling through the Kurds' tribal area by pack train.
Arab unity is almost a certainty, Prof. Ireland predicted, although oil-rich Iraq and Saudi Arabia may object to sharing their wealth of resources with the U.A.R.
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