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LAWRENCE, KANSAS
61st Year, No. 44
Wednesday, Nov. 13, 1963
Coup Reported in Iraq; Indefinite Curfew Called
BEIRUT, Lebanon—(UPI) — An apparent coup against the Iraqi government was launched today in Baghdad, according to reports reaching this neighboring capital. There were reports of jet attacks on the presidential palace and defense ministry and fighting in the streets.
There was no immediate indication of what forces were opposing the nine-month old regime of Maj. Gen. Ahmed Hassan Bakr, whose Eaathist party seized power in February in another coup that overthrew Premier Abdul Karim Kassem.
THE APPARENT attempt to overthrow Bakr followed a sudden Baghdad radio announcement this morning that Deputy Premier Saleh Saadi and air force commander Brig. Gen. Hardan Takrit had been dismissed from the leadership of the ruling Baath party. There was no explanation for their ouster.
PREMIER BAKR appealed to the people to avoid bloodshed in a broadcast carried by Baghdad radio and heard here. An indefinite curfew was imposed. There were no immediate reports on casualties.
(In Washington, the State Department received a report from the U.S. embassy in Baghdad that jet planes attacked the presidential palace early today, shortly after the government radio went off the air.)
The reports of the jet attacks on the defense ministry, the one-time stronghold of slain ex-premier Kassem, were received here.
(In Syria, which also is ruled by the Beaathists, an Arab Socialist party, military strongman Maj. Gen. Amin Hafiz suddenly took over the premiership from civilian Salah Bitar. It was not known if the two changes were linked. But Iraq and Syria have plans to federate and already have announced they consider themselves "one country.")
(Reports from Tehran, Iran, said martial law had been declared and that fighting still was in progress late in the morning. Radio Amman in Jordan identified the attacking planes as Iraqi air force jets.
(GOVERNMENT) circles in Tehran said the coup appeared directed particularly against Iraqi President Abdul Salam Aref, who has not made any significant public appearance in months.)
Observers here said that if jet planes were involved in the coup the explanation might be that the air
Weather Brings Sudden Change
Blusterly, cold winds drove out of the Northwest during the night to send temperatures toward the freezing mark. St. Paul, Minn., recorded temperatures of 33 degrees; Denver, Colo., had a temperature of 30 degrees and Chicago recorded a 34.
The forecast is for continued cool weather with a low tonight in the middle 20s. It will be partly cloudy and windy tonight and tomorrow, the weather bureau predicts, for the Lawrence area.
The weather bureau predicts the season's first widespread snowfall sometime today. Heavy snow warnings were posted for parts of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and parts of New York. Up to 10 inches of snow is expected to fall along Lake Erie near Cleveland. Ohio.
After a few days of spring-like weather, KU students are again abandoning their summer clothes and digging out their winter coats. Car owners are rushing to get anti-freeze before their cars stop operating.
The reason is the sudden change in temperature.
orce commander Takriti, was striking in an effort to oust those who lismissed him.
This speculation was supported by Jakr's broadcasts for national and arty unity. He said the Baath arty now is "threatened by dangers."
"THERE ARE attempts to divide his unity and make a Baathist kill Baathist," the statement added. Our aims prevent us from doing this."
(Cairo's semi-official Middle East Jews Agency said Saadi had flown to Madrid with several other junta leaders in a military plane after having been "expelled from his country." Takriti was not mentioned as being in the group.
(In Washington, a state department spokesman said the U.S. embassy in Baghdad reported the sound of fighting could be heard near Camp Rashid, a base near the center of the city. He said there were unconfirmed reports of fighting at the ministry of defense.
(THE EMBASSY reported to Washington that it appeared the city's electricity supply and part of its water supply had been cut off. Automobile and other traffic could be seen in the streets, it said, indicating the curfew was not being strictly enforced.
(As far as the embassy could determine, all U.S. citizens in Baghdad were safe.)
(Cairo radio said the military governor general of Baghdad imposed an indefinite curfew in the Baghdad area this morning "in the public interest.")
PLEDGES OF support for the government were broadcast from the commanders of the first, second, third, and fourth Iraqi divisions.
Another statement said the property of 84 persons in the northern area of the country had been confiscated. A Beirut commentator said some of those whose property was confiscated were Kurdish leaders.
The Kurds, independent tribesmen who live in parts of Iraq, have been fighting the regime since it took over last February following the overthrow of Premier Abdul Karim Kassem.
"The lives of thousands of party members and millions of the people are in peril." a Bakr's broadcast statement said. "We must take care that not a single drop of blood be shed by any Baathist or citizen."
Poll Workers, Printers Delay ASC Elections
Today was just "one of those days" for the opening of ASC elections.
The confusion started last night when 33,000 dean's cards were found to have been printed without the addresses and telephone numbers of students.
THE MISTAKE was discovered by members of the ASC elections committee about 9 p.m. last night. By 10:30, the cards were back at the University Statistical Service, being run through an IBM machine a second time.
That task was not completed until 5:10 a.m. today.
Jim Thompson, Hugoton senior and elections committee chairman, said that without addresses on the dean's cards, the elections could not be held.
"A student must vote by living district. The only way for us to give them the right ballot is to have the address as shown on the dean's card," he said.
THE PROBLEM of the cards was solved in the early hours of the morning, but it was not the end of
the trouble for the opening of the polls.
The lack of poll workers at Murphy Hall and the Kansas Union halted operations early this morning. "Earlier this morning," Thompson said, "we didn't have enough University Party poll workers here (Strong Hall). We were short of UP workers at the polls in the Kansas Union and in Murphy Hall. I'm very unhappy about the insufficient turnout of poll workers."
After the polls had finally opened the elections committee discovered the telephones that were to have been installed were not in position. According to Thompson, this will make contact between the polls difficult.
The shortage of nametags and pencils at the polls was another undermining factor in voting procedures.
The technical difficulties caused the polls to open late.
At 9 a.m. about 57 students had voted in Strong Hall.
Student Court Says Tickets Not Valid
By Leta Cathcart and Rick Mabbutt
In a 7-to-0 decision last night, the Student Judicial Court ruled that all traffic tickets lacking the signature of the issuing officer are not valid.
The ruling became effective today. However, all unsigned traffic tickets issued prior to today are not affected by the new ruling. All tickets lacking signatures received after today may be appealed to the Student Judicial Court within 10 days.
As of this morning, the University administration had made no official comment on the ruling. Keith Lawton, vice chancellor of operations, was unavailable for comment this morning on the court's decision.
THE COURT'S decision rose out of the case of the "University of Kansas vs. Berkley." Kent Berkley, Lawrence third-year law student, recently lost an appeal on a parking violation received earlier this fall.
Thomas Triplett, St. Joseph, Mo., third-year law student and Berkley's defense attorney, brought the question of the constitutionality of the present practice of the KU police department before the court.
The majority opinion, read by Thomas K. Thompson, Atchison third-year law student and associate justice of the court, held that the present practice is unconstitutional since it violates the "due process" clause of Amendment VI of the United States Constitution. That clause states: "No person shall . . . be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law: . . ."
THE COURT CLAIMS, in essence, that since the traffic tickets are issued warrants or complaints and are not signed by the arresting officer, the accused violator of a law is not permitted to face his accuser.
The Court held that this right of the accused to face his accuser is guaranteed by two sections of the United States Constitution.
The sixth amendment of the Bill of Rights states, "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right...to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him..." and Article VI of the United States Constitution says, "This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in the pursuance thereof...shall be the supreme law of the land, and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding."
THE COURT ALSO based its ruling on Section 10 of the Kansas Bill of Rights which states, "In all prosecutions the accused shall be allowed to appear and defend in person, or by counsel; to demonstrate the nature and cause of the accusation against him; to meet the witness face to face, and to have compulsory process to compel the attendance of a witness in his behalf."
In stating its opinion the court also cited three Kansas statutes which state that the board of regents has the right to regulate parking and traffic at the Kansas universities and to judge violations of those regulations, and to levy fines against violators of those laws.
Robert Walter, Lawrence second-year law student and an associate justice of the court, read the concurring opinion, which expressed his views and those of James Daugherty, Lawrence third-year law student and chief justice of the court.
THE OPINION STATED that the case in question involves constitutional rights rather than procedural rules. Earlier this fall the two justices had talked to Keith Lawton, vice chancellor of operations, and at that time an agreement on procedural cases was reached. Procedural rules define the circumstances under which a case may be tried in court. For example, in this case procedural rules might require that a traffic ticket list the time, date, place and nature of the violation.
"The decision is made in a spirit of cooperation with the administration," said the majority opinion. We are not trying to supercede the administration.
At 9:30 this morning, Willard Anderson, acting Chief of KU campus police, declined to make any comment on the ruling of the Student Judicial Court.
Cambodia Rejects American Foreign Aid
TOKYO — (UPI) — Prince Norfolk Sihanouk, Cambodia's chief of state, may have based his decision to renounce U.S. aid on what he considers American coolness toward his small nation's neutrality, observers said here today.
Norodom, 41-year-old ruler of a southeast Asia nation about the size of Missouri, announced yesterday in his capital of Phnom Penh that all American aid to Cambodia would cease Dec. 31 and that he would bring in three to five Communist Chinese experts to help organize nationalized industry.
U. S. aid to Cambodia this year is estimated at $29.2 million
HE HAD ANNOUNCED Monday that the state was taking over the import-export business and would nationalize Cambodian banks as of the end of next June as part of his program of "advanced socialism."
Observers pointed out that Norodom has altered his position often
in the past and said the latest moves do not necessarily mean Cambodia is moving into the Communist camp.
Relations between Cambodia and the United States have become increasingly strained since September 1962, when President Kennedy in effect rejected Norodom's proposal for an international conference to guarantee Cambodia's neutrality.
KENNEDY SAID he felt that official letters from interested countries in support of Cambodia's independence would be more effective and that he would be glad to sign such a letter for the United States.
Norodom, in an indirect reply, said he was tired of "very friendly, very sugary letters" and indicated he might appeal to the Soviet Union or Communist China for help.
American military aid to Cambodia is running about $10.4 million this year and includes about 60 American military advisers on the
This is one of Norodom's chief complaints. Cambodia has been quarrelling with Thailand and South Viet Nam for many years.
scene. Economic aid, in a program that has been praised by both U.S. and Cambodian officials, is $18.1 million.
THE UNITED STATES spends more than the total annual aid to Cambodia every three weeks in neighboring South Viet Nam where assistance in the fight against communist Guerrillas has been estimated at $1.5 million a day. U.S. aid to Thailand on the west is also far greater than the amount allotted Cambodia.
the present case do not menace us."
In 1661, Norodom broke diplomatic relations with Thailand following a series of border incidents and said, "American military aid does not permit us to defend our liberty and independence except in the unique case when we are attacked by the communists, who in
"THE UNITED STATES, Thailand and South Viet Nam wish to kill us," he added. The Prince suspended relations with South Viet Nam this year.
He has warned that Cambodia would not hesitate to "join the socialist bloc" if it were necessary to avoid "the conquest of our country by Thais and Vietnamese."
Norodom repelled an invasion by communist Viet Nam guerrillas in 1954 and said in 1958 that he would rather die than permit Cambodia to be taken over by communists.
He has suppressed communist activity within Cambodia and accused communist North Viet Nam of plotting subversion against Cambodia.
He thanked the United States last May for its "important and generous aid," and said America "finds itself alone in having aided us in such a dependable way."