For economy, safety and comfort the Gas stove beats them all.
advent to
nughting
prac-
theory of
descriptive
rows, and
g comes
land sur-
geodesy,
and topo-
nics, hy-
of o of ma-
studies in
bridges,
as, reser-
heads of
e supply
specifica-
ning con-
work is
course,
sur-
lines,
es-
need sew.
flow of
students
amiliarity
methods
to fill
credit.
d appare- apartment
e coming expects to
sits, etc., presented
migration
current
id several
possibly a
The en-
be con-
active new
e depart-
E. Miller ofs.
E. Miller
ofs.
state study embraces
(a) the
bid geome-
analytical
and inte-
络 of least
(s) quar-
honors,
and compet-
take up
y and rege-
from
to circum-
library has
mathema-
which will
forman au-
t many of
the origi-
encourage- who have city for un- utre original seems ad- instructors. noted in the h in their ful of re- a student the ability he be al- jion in the work when
he gives evidence of being beyond his depth, or neglects to attend to his business. Candidates for admission to the Freshman classes in mathematics should be thoroughly conversant with the whole of Higher Arithmetic,'including a good working knowledge of the Metric System, with Algebra as far as to the chapter on Logarithms in any good Higher Algebra; with plain geometry, including the book on planes and solid angles.
Philosophy and Didactics, P. J. Will. iams. Prof.
Elementary Psychology and the Elements of Logic, a half term each, are required of all students in the collegiate courses in the Sophomore year. In the former subject Dr. Noah Porter's Elements of Intellectual Science is used as a text-book. A study is made, from the standpoint of consciousness, of the phenomena of mind and of the ordinary classification of these phenomena. This course is designed to serve the purposes of the general student and also to prepare the way for a more intimate acquaintance with Philosophy as developed in the special studies of the Junior and Senior years. The elementary course in Logic is intended to accomplish a similar double purpose. The more extended courses in Philosophy are presented as optionals in the last two years of the collegiate course and are as follows: Psychology, one term; Ethics, one term; Metaphysics and Hamiltonian Logic, each half a term; and History of Philosophy, one term.
The desire of this department is to also give instruction in general didactics; (a) discussing the various ways in which truth can be presented and made clear to the human understanding, (whether in the form of knowledge or belief); (b) the methods of unfolding the various faculties of the mind by means of the different branches of study; (c) the circle of sciences and their relation to each other; (d) the methods in use and their relative value in teaching the different studies of our common and higher schools; (e) ways of governing and controlling and directing the human will so as to secure the greatest efficiency in the work of life; (f) history of school systems in the different ages and countries—including the methods of teaching and governing, material, truth taught, patrons of schools, the ultimate end in view, the influence on civilization, together with the biography of some of the most noted teachers in the entire history of education, presenting the most striking peculiarities of each, so that the student shall be furnished with a knowledge of those things essential to his arduous and responsible profession.
The especial design of the department is to furnish young men and women all necessary preparation for teaching in the high schools, academies and colleges of the state, also for superintending schools, so that unity, broad culture and the
best of scholarship can be secured. Already a large number of the graduates are employed in different sections of the state teaching our best schools and exerting a grand influence on the rising generation.
Department of History and Political
Languages H. Confield, Prot.
PLEMENT OF HISTORY AND POLITICAL Science, James H. Canfield, Prof.
Instruction in History and Political Science is given by means of lectures, recitations, conference and laboratory work. Special pains are taken to facilitate the use of the University library by students in this department; works closely connected with the topics under consideration being withheld from general circulation, and rendered more available by carefully prepared card-indexes.
The course in American History is prepared with especial care, with the thought that a thorough knowledge of the origin and development of the nation is one of the most essential conditions of good citizenship. Three-fifths of a term is assigned to the Calonial period, with marked attention to social life, and to institutional and industrial development. A course of thirty lectures is given on the period of the Revolution—with special reference to the financial experiments of the general government, and to the history of diplomatic relations. Three-fifths of a term is occupied with the failure of the Confederation, the struggle for the Constitution and with the text of the Constitution itself. A full two-years course (counting as one full study in each term) is offered, covering the Constitutional and Political history of the Union—from 1789 to the present. For this the library offers special facilities in a complete Congressional record, from the first Continental Congress to the present (including the Secret Journals and Diplomatic Correspondence) and a large collection of other valuable public documents. Lastly, two-fifths of a term is given to the history of Tariff Legislation, which is carried entirely by the laboratory and conference methods; students making their own researches in public records.
A three-fifths course is offered in the History of Civilization, with special attention to the growth of popular power and the development of democracy. This is followed by a two-fifths course in Causes and Results of French Revolutions—the still further progress of democratic ideas.
A three-fifths course is given in English History, with particular reference to the rise of the people, the growth of Parliament, and the power of the Commons. Supplementing this is a two-fifths course in the study of the English Constitution—the practical workings of the present system of government, with a running comparison of the French system and that of the United States.
A full term's work in Political Economy, almost entirely devoted to a discussion of elementary and fundamental principles.
The special courses of the department are as follows:
theoretical and practical banking, with the details of bank management; and national, state and municipal financiering. In this work the bank officials of the city not only take great interest, but offer very practical aid in the way of conferences with the class, and permission to inspect bank books and to study the banks when in actual operation.
A two-fifths course in Banking and Finance; in which are discussed
A three-fifths course in the history of Land-tenures; including the rise and growth of the theory of property in land, systems of title and of tenant-holdings in different countries, and a careful study of the elements of realty law in the United States.
A full term's work in Applied Economics and in the elements of Social Science; consisting of a short course of conferences and discussions, and the preparation of a thesis of not less than twenty thousand words on some special topic selected by each student.
A two-fifths course in International Law.
In all this work constant effort is made to determine the historic facts (as opposed to mere theorizing), to secure a fair presentation of opposing views, to promote free discussion and inquiry, and to encourage as complete personal investigation of all authorities as the University library permits. This method is thought to furnish the best conditions for sound opinion and individual judgment, while controlling neither.
Department of Greek Literature, A. M. Wilcox and W. M. Wister, Profs.
The Greek Department offers to the students of the University three courses: A course including the preparatory classes, of from four to six years (optional with the student) forming a part of the curriculum of the classical course; a course in the elements of Greek with special reference to English, open to students in all courses but the classical; and a course in Greek Archaeology and Art, open to all students in the University. The department at present offers also at intervals courses in Sanskrit and in the general and comparative study of languages. The classical course requires four years of Greek, two years preparatory and two collegiate. The authors read are Xenophon, Homer, Herodotus, Thucydides, Plato, and Sophocles or Euripides. Classical students may also make special study in the Junior and Senior years of the more difficult Greek poets and philosophers, and more critical study of the Homeric poems and all the varied questions connected with them. In the earlier years much attention is paid to the philological side of the work, while in the later the philological side is subordinated to the literary and artistic, both matter and form being carefully studied, and an attempt being made to get some insight into the development of the literature. All courses are accompanied by lectures on the author and his works, and the higher courses by private reading and special studies on particular topics brought out in the course of the work. All courses too
are illustrated and enlivened by the numerous objects on exhibition in the classical museum. The course in the "Elements of Greek with special reference to English" gives to all non-classical students an opportunity of learning the Greek characters, pronunciation, and the greater part of the vocabulary necessary to an understanding of the numerous scientific and other terms used in English derived from the Greek. The course in Greek Archaeology and Art offers to all students in the University an opportunity to get a knowledge of the elements of the greatest art the world has yet produced, especially its architecture, sculpture, and ceramics, and thereby to gain the necessary foundation and point of comparison for the study of all art. A new course in Linguistics will be given next year, a study of the number, variety, character and history of the languages of the world, open to all students of the University.
Department of Latin Literature. D. H Robinson and Adelaide Rudolph, Profs.
The time required to complete the regular course, including preparatory work, is five years. On completion of the regular course, a two years' optional course is offered. The authors read in the regular course are Cæsar, six orations of Cicero, six books of the Aeneid, Cicero de Amicitia and de Senectute, Livy, the Odes, Satires and Epistles of Horace and selections from Catullus, Leucretius, Tibullus, Propertius, Ovid and Lucan. The authors read in the optional course are Cicero's Philosophical Works, Tacitus' Annals and Histories, Suetonius, Selections from the letters of Cicero and Pliny, Platus and Terence. Courses are also offered in Roman Archaeology. It has been found by long experience that the colloquial method of conducting recitations in Latin greatly aids the student on mastering the subject. Frequent lectures in Latin are also given to the more advanced students in biographical, mythological and literary subjects. There is no educational maxim, perhaps, better settled than this,—that the chief object of education is to gain mental power, rather than knowledge. This, in the earlier years of training, is doubtless true in regard to all studies, but presumently so in regard to the study of the Classics. But this is not their only nor highest use. While a certain amount of drill work is useful and necessary, there comes a time when the student has secured the chief benefits to be derived from it and is capable of much higher work. To make his life one eternal grind on the rudiments is as dwarfing to his growth as to keep him conning over the fables when he ought to be at Horace and Homer. The aim, therefore, is to lead him to mark the form and content of the masterpieces of antiquity and gain some conception of their matchless sweetness, art and beauty, as well as to give the necessary discipline. Roman antio-
uities are also carefully dwelt upon in portraying the social and domestic life of the people. To know their homes and how they lived gives a better knowledge of their character than to read the history of their wars and campaigns. We have many aids to the understanding of Roman art and also in the illustrations to be found in the classical museum. A single glance at a good picture will give a better idea of an ancient building than any amount of talk without the illustration. The aim of the department, in short, is to aid the student in forming a correct understanding not only of Roman language and literature, but also of Roman people.
The Classical Museum.
This is a new departure in our University life and work. Its primary aim is to illustrate classical studies, Greek and Latin. A secondary result of it, no doubt, will be the cultivation of taste which comes from contact with the noblest and most beautiful models. Here can be seen, grouped together in close proximity, examples of all the varieties of sculpture the great genius of Pheidias conceived for the decoration of the noblest building of the Greeks, the Parthenon on the Acropolis of Athens. Casts of three plates of the frieze of the temple show us a part of the great Panathenaic procession and three of the sitting divinities into whose presence the procession is marching. Three metopes show combats of a Greek and a Centaur in various stages of the fight, and give a glimpse at the variety of workmanship on the sculptures under the one guiding hand of Pheidias. And between two metops stands the colossal figure in the round, of the reclining youth from the east pediment. Near by stands a model, 3 feet 8 inches by 2 feet 6 inches, of the Acropolis in its present condition, with the Parthenon itself, which all these sculptures decorated, and two plans of its summit; while not very far off is a relief map of Athens and its neighborhood. Here, too, can be seen the beautiful Venus of Melos, the noble figure of the Emperor Augustus in his military dress, the striking and vigorous Borghese Warrior, and the graceful Germanicus [so called], all full-sized casts after the originals. There are busts also of Niobe, Eros, Minerva, the Apollo Belvedere, Homer, Socrates, Plato, Cicero, Vergil, Julius Caesar, Nero, Trajan, Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, Septimus Severus, Commodus, Faustina the younger, and a Roman lady. A model over nine feet long of the east pediment of the Zeus temple at Olympia gives one in an instant a more correct idea of the pediment of an ancient temple than he could get from descriptions in a week. A relief-map of Rome and a number of charts of Greek and Roman architecture in colors are on the walls, and examples of the large number of photographs and plates [many beautifully colored] at the command of the Greek and Latin departments occupy a large part of the wall space in the museum.
[Continued on page 7.]