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University Daily Kansan
Thursday, Oct. 31, 1963
Speaker Says Pakistan Becoming Neutral
Pakistan is not a politically neutral country, but Louis Dupree of the American Universities Field Staff (AUFS) said yesterday the country is making definite "neutral noises."
Dupree, speaking at a Faculty Forum luncheon in the Kansas Union, outlined the case for Pakistani neutrality by explaining the country's recent history and governmental position.
Standing before a large map of Central Asia, Dupree pointed out that Pakistan is divided by India into East and West provinces which are 10,000 miles apart.
HE SAID THE provinces were created when the British pulled out of India and the surrounding provinces in 1947 because the people of Pakistan (who are 88 per cent Moslem) feared discrimination by the predominantly Hindu population of India.
"When partition took place, Kashmir, to all intents and purposes, went to India," he said.
"As far as the Pakistani are concerned, their main problem is Kashmir. The people of Pakistan always believed that the over 80 per cent Moslem Kashmir should have been allowed a plebiscite to decide what they should do."
Dupree explained Kashmir was a princely state ruled by a Hindu Faharajah, and that after a great deal of complicated maneuvering, Kashmir acceded to India for aid, and in late 1948 the United Nations sent a truce team to the area to draw a cease fire line.
"OCCASIONALLY the problems between Kashmir and Pakistan flare," but, he added, "the UN truce is still there."
Dupree said about a year ago the president of Pakistan, Mohammed Ayub Khan, proposed a joint defense agreement to India's prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. The pact was to include Pakistan, Kashmir, India and provinces in the Himalayas.
President Ayub said the pact was necessary because, he predicted, the Republic of China would be the problem in the 1960's.
Prime Minister Nehru seemed only to see the proposal as a step by the Pakistani to get into Kashmir, Dupree said.
DUPREE SAID Nehru replied something to the effect that "Who shall we defend against? We've nothing but friends to the north."
After the initial attack in the early fall of last year by the Chinese Communists on India, Nehru said it was the end of a decade of dreaming for him, Dupree said.
"He had believed strongly in the
UP Slate Changed For Men's Dormitory
Cordell Meeks, Kansas City senior, was named yesterday by University Party as a candidate for the large men's residence hall district.
five principles of coexistence," he said.
"At that time the Pakistani government was informed by the United States and Britain that they planned to send arms to India. The Pakistani were rankled that they were not consulted, but merely informed.
"THE PAKISTANI pointed out that they were the United States' best allies in Asia. They feared the guns might be used by the Indians against them.
"But the main thing they objected to was that the U.S. and Britain only wanted a military base in India and arm their potential enemy.
"The Pakistani point out if arms had not been given to India so rapidly, there was a possibility, some said a definite probability, a military coup would take place in India."
He explained the Pakistani felt it would have been carried out by members of India's military who were disenchanted with the Nehru government. The military objected to the posture that the Chinese Communist attack found India in and to the about face in India's total neutrality, he said.
The Pakistani said that such a coup would have made the relationship between Pakistan and India easier and would have facilitated a joint government over Kashmir.
"PAKISTAN THEN told the U.S. it could see it was no longer a necessary ally. The Pakistan press felt now that the U.S. had its military base in India that there was no reason why Pakistan should not go neutral." Dupree said.
He explained the Pakistani intelligentsia and press expressed the idea that there was no need to remain alligned militarily with the U.S. when it would jump in with military aid, as it did in neutral India, if it were attacked.
Since then, Dupree said, the U.S. has been alarmed by the fact Pakistan is the first nation to gain air rights to fly planes into Red China and has commercial pacts with both the U.S.S.R. and Red China.
Official Bulletin
TODAY
India, he said, is still professing neutrality although it is accepting U.S. arms.
Catholic Mass, 5 p.m. St. Lawrence Catholic Chapel, 1910 Stratford Road. Latter-Day Saint Institute of Religion, 3:30 p.m. Oread Room, Kansas Union. Church of Jesus Christ, Donnerstag, den 31 October, 4:30 in 502 Fraser. Wir werden deutsche Volks und Studentenliefer singen. Alle Studenten sind herzlich eingeladen. Erfrischungen.
Poetry, Hour. 4:30 p.m. Music Room, Kirkland. The poem will read the poetry of Robert Lowell.
Chris Salmons, University Organization. 7:30 p.m.
Danforth Chapel. Everyone welcome.
Episcopal Evening Prayer, 9:30 p.m.
Danforth Chanel.
Student Peace Union, 4:30 p.m., Pine Room, Kansas Union.
"The great land battle may be over, but no one seems to know for sure," he said.
"Pakistan knows that if they're attacked that the U.S. will aid them; all nations know this." Dupree said. "The foreign policy of the U.S. tends to point to creating neutral nations."
Dupree was asked if the Pakistani were in effect receiving all the benefits of an alliance without any of the obligations.
"Yes, you might say that," he replied. "They refuse to get involved in East-West pacts."
He said Pakistan receives 3.5 times the financial aid supplied by the U.S. over the U.S.S.R. When asked who's winning in Pakistan, the U.S. or the U.S.S.R., Dupree answered:
"I always say the Pakistani and they're the ones who should profit from foreign aid."
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