The Students Journal
PUBLISHED WEEKLY
BY THE
Students Journal Publishing Co.
W. C. Fogle Editor in Chief
C. E. Kimpton Local Editor
Chara S. Bosworth Literary Editor
BUSINESS MANAGERS.
JAS, V. MAY,
A. O. GARRETT
ASSOCIATES
Robb, W. Neal ... Literary
B, L. Pumpel ... The Halls
Artie Kelly ... Muscle
W, C. Atchison ... Local
D, C. Kelley ... Athlete
K, E. Blackman ... Exchanges
The stock of the STUDENTS JOURNAL company consists of non-transferable one dollar shares. Any student, instructor or only one university may hold one and only one share.
This paper is on file at the editorial rooms of the University Review, 292 Fifth avenue, New York, where all college men are given a hearty welcome.
It is the irregular attendant upon class exercises that takes up the time for discussions.
PROF L. L. DYCHE will lecture before the Science Club to-day at 5 p.m., on Mammalogy at the World's Fair.
THE New Years greeting of the Curor appeared this week. It contains illustrations of Chancellor Snow, the Chancellor's residence, a scene from the natural history museum, and the football team of '93. The various departments of work of the University are carefully and ably set forth.
A Y. M C. A. CONFERENCE of college students will be held in Lawrence, Saturday and Sunday, January 13 and 14. About twenty five students are expected from the neighboring colleges. Mr. John R. Mott, of New York City, who will conduct the conference, is expected to day. Students of the University will be greatly profited by attending the conference. Sessions will be held in Music hall. Program will be announced later.
AT THE meeting of the STUDENTS JOURNAL. Company on the 16th, numerous propositions and important motions will probably be made. Every member who expects to present a proposition or move a resolution should put it in writing. Nothing is more confusing than to have important matters stated orally, and nothing is so likely to cause misunderstanding and blunders in after business. As a matter of time-saving and of precaution against all too-probable mistakes, have your propositions and resolutions reduced to writing.
It is only two weeks till the professors will begin their semi-annual investigations for the purpose of discovering whether the students have learned any thing under their instruction. It will be the duty of the professors to ask such questions as will enable the student to tell all he knows regarding the subject at hand in the fewest possible words. It will be the duty of the student to be in good health so that he may make the greatest possible display of his knowledge, and if he have no knowledge, he must devise some scheme by which he may pass the examination.
THE Kansas City Journal says, "Harvard College has been compelled to economize, and is cutting down its list of instructors." We have been unable to learn particulars. Harvard College some time ago bad part of its funds invested in railroad stocks, and the depreciation of these stocks may be the cause of its present difficulty. Harvard seems the most popular eastern college with our students, and we hope soon to be able to inform our readers that its financial troubles are not of sufficient importance to cause any permanent embarrassment.
The entire collection of Kansas building stones which were on exhibition at the World's Fair have returned in good condition and are permanently on exhibition in the geological museum. The specimens will be arranged according to their geological formation and geographical distribution. They form a valuable addition to our museum.
PROE, BLACKMAR has stated that he is willing to deliver a series of lectures on subjects of general interest—such as immigration, monopolies, strikes if he were assured the attendance would make it worth while. His plan is, to deliver the lectures Monday afternoons at 5 e'clock, in the Historical Seminary room, and to invite all who are interested—students of any department, and persons not connected with the University as well. Such an opportunity? as this should not be neglected. No preparation is required of the audience, they simply have to give the time taken up by the lecture, and are sure of obtaining much valuable information. Who will take the matter in hand and assure Prof. Blackmar that the audience will be present whenever he is ready to begin the course?
HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETIC MEET.
SOMETHING original has been done by the Athletic Association in arranging an inter-academic athletic meet for all accredited High schools of the state. The champion athletes of the Kansas High schools will meet in Lawrence in May, for a grand athletic contest.
Free entertainment will be provided by our Athletic Association, and possibly a reduced railroad rate will be obtained. A committee of three has been appointed to complete the arrangements for the contest, and it will greatly aid them if the many friends of the Athletic Association who can furnish entertainment for one or more boys will report to some officer of the Athletic Association.
Such a meeting of Kansas High school boys will be of great value both to the University and to the boys. An opportunity will be given the boys to visit the great head of the public school system of Kansas, and no doubt the idea of sometime becoming a student in the University will be born in many a young mind.
OTHER PEOPLE'S BUSINESS.
The Lawrence Daily Journal expressed in its columns Wednesday night great displeasure at the existence of two week,ly newspapers in the University. Two hundred dollars a month, says the Journal, is too much money for the merchants of Lawrence to pay for the support of college papers. A combination of the two papers is urged as a feasible means of reducing this enormous expense.
Permit us to say a word in our own defense. The college papers are not sheets published for the purpose of bleeding the merchants, nor are they objects of charity. They have been established for the purpose of furthering the interests of the University and there by Lawrence. Two papers can be compulsif this end bet er than one.
The two papers afford a healthy competition, and represent more thoroughly all phases of college life. The college papers are run on a far more economic basis than the city papers, in that their editors receive no compensation of money for their labors. The advertising is intended simply to pay for the printing of the paper and possibly a manger compensation to the business managers. As an advertising medium the college papers are certainly of great value. The students spend no less than $150,000 a year in Lawrence, and the faculty and employees of the University spend as much as $80,000. These persons are with few exceptions readers of the college papers, and comparatively few of them look at a down-town newspaper. The students who read daily newspapers find in our reading room the best, so that they are not confused to local folios of patent matter and weather comments for their information. Indeed, whether there is not a great and needless war in supporting three daily papers in it is college town is a question worthy of consideration and we might here suggest that the Daily Journal and the Daily Gazette combine with the Daily World and form one grand paper. Such a paper could do all the business and the three together would make a very respectable sheet. By such a combination the merchants would be enabled to reduce the amount of their charity account with the daily newspapers to about one third and since it so seems in order for papers to offer suggestions regarding the management and business of their contemporaries, we would also suggest that as the merchants of Lawrence would heartily approve of the consolidation of the three daily papers, the Daily Journal should make an effort to effect such a combination.
PROFESSOR DYCHE'S MICE.
Professor Dyche is already hard at work in his laboratories. He has undertaken the enormous project of making a complete collection of the small mammals of the State. He proposes to make a scientific study of their habits for economic purposes.
The traps are baited with cheese, meat or vegetables, depending on what kind of an animal is desired. About twelve species of field mice have been found around the University, and in the buildings themselves curious animals are being discovered.
As $^{2}$h starter, the professor has begun on the mice and other small mammals about the University buildings and the city.
After the little animals are caught, the contents of their stomachs are examined under the microscope to ascertain the nature of their food. Just what mice eat has been largely a matter of casual observation or conjecture. Housekeepers have discovered that they eat bread and cheese. Farmers have observed that they eat corn and grain. But the indefatigable professor proposes to see for himself just exactly what the small vagabonds do eat. When something unknown is found in one of the little stomachs, the professor says to himself that it must be something found in the country where the mouse has dwelt, so he gathers in bits of everything that the mouse could possibly eat, and so preparates this material that it can be compared with what the tiny fellow has eaten. Eventually, the professor will know just what the diet of the little pests is. Mice eat strange things. Their usual diet is seeds and grains for the regular meal, and insects for dessert. They are cannabis, and are fond of feeding upon one another's brains. One hungry mouse removes the skull of his neighbor and finds beneath it "a dainty morsel of brains" which he feeds with a relish. An oily substance was found in the stomach of one of the little rodents, and the professor was at his wits end to know what it was, when he finally discovered it to be some guawed walnuts.
The work will be extended over the State and eventually all the small mammals of the State will be brought under the professor's observation and classified and their exact geological distribution will be ascertained. A description of each animal will be preserved and its diet noted, so that the farmers of Kansas may learn for the trouble of reading a book just how valuable or detrimental every living creature is upon his farm. The skins and skulls of each animal and a few complete skeletons of each species are being preserved and carefully put away for future study. These specimens are being added to our zoological museum. The professor proposes also to study methods of exterminating injurious species, by trapping, poisons, and acids. Just what method will be best to pursue in killing each kind of animal will be valuable information.
For example, Bisphosphate of Carbon poured in the holes of geophers and other burrowing animals is a feasible means of extermination.
The professor has spent hundreds of dollars in purchasing a library on small mammals, and as there has been no one
work published on the subject, he must pick up little gritics wherever they appear. Some man will describe a new species of mouse in a magazine or journal, and thus many species have been discovered and described one by one, and it requires a great deal of expense and labor to collect these descriptions and put them into an accessible library.
The only systematic work of any extent that is being done in this line except that by Professor Dyche is being carried on by C. Hart Merriam, mammalogist in the department of agriculture, Washington, D.C. Mr. Merriam is making a study of small mammals for economic purposes.
Regarding Examinations
Professor Blake recently asked the members of one of his classes to consider the value of written examinations at the close of the term as a test of the quality of work done by the student. The next day the students were asked to write their opinions regarding the matter and hand them in without signatures. The gist of each of the thirty one replies is given below. The students who wrote the replies are among the best students of the University and there is no reason to believe that their answers are not a true index of their opinions.
1. Some cannot do themselves justice.
Some can cheat. Examinations encourage crumming. Should make standard from daily work.
2. In some branches examinations are necessary. Class work should count more than examination.
3. Inducements to cheat and cram.
Waste of time. Class recitations and oral examinations best.
4. Grade on class work with review of the subject toward end of term. Dread of examinations and brevity produce confusion.
5. Oral quizzes occasionally counting $\frac{1}{4}$ class recitations $\frac{1}{2}$. No examinations.
6. Grade on every day recitations. No examination.
7. Written examinations in science studies not desirable. In general, examinations not necessary for students who some to school to learn something.
8. Examinations make one feel that the subject is thrust upon them contrary to the taste of the independent American.
9. Written or oral examinations in physics not a fair test. Short written examinations occasionally good.
10. Oral quizzes now and then a good thing. Fear of final examination would be removed by all quizzes having the same weight.
11. Occasional examination good: oral for small classes, written for large.
12. Marked daily recitation and attention. Cramming the course of exclamation and these encourage ponies. Every teacher knows in his own mind the ability of every pupil in his class.
13. Frequent oral examinations with out previous notice.
14. Grade on daily recitations.
14. Grade on daily recitations.
15. Grade on daily recitations.
16. Frequent reviews and class recitations.
Close of term or year have a thorough review and final examination.
17. Individual examinations at the
17. Individual oral examination at the close of the term. Class recitation.
18. Grade on daily recitations.
19. Grade on general class work
20. Written better than oral examinations,
but class grading best.
21. Oral examinations occasionally during the term.
22. Examinations waste of time. The class work daily.
23. Examinations induce cramming.
Not a fair test.
24. Examinations necessary in some branches. In science, daily recitations without examinations.
25. Written examinations are best with about ten questions to answer.
26. Grade on attendance, attention,
and interest shown by student daily.
Frequent reviews and oral quizzes.
Written examinations not a fair standard.
27. With young students, examine
tions necessary. In physics, daily work and occasionally themes.
38. Examinations unnecessary because of examining and cheating, and unnecessary for the professor to guage student by.
29. Examinations in mathematics and languages necessary. Subject of physics too broad for few questions and time wasted.
30. Examinations as a rule unecessary. Daily work the test.
31. Examinations useless for students who are forced to get an education. Students nimble for graduation or a degree need examination to establish a standard. For students who come for information or culture examinations should be frequent but optional with student and not largely effect standing.
Single Tax vs. Socialism.
At the court house Tuesday night Mr. Lawrence Grombund met Mr. W, H,T. Wakefield of this city in joint debate.
.
House was called to order at 8.05 p.m. and the question put—"Resolved. That the single or rental value tax on land exclusive of improvements together with public ownership of all public utilities is a better and more feasible solution of present economical problems than is State socialism."
Mr. Wakefield opened for the affirmative in a 40 minute speech. He defined himself as an individualist of the Henry George School. "Land is a fixed quantity; the higher the tax, the cheaper the land. The single tax moves on the lines of least resistance and on a purely scientific bases would take for the society what is created by society and now appropriated by the land-owning class on the foil annual land rental. Man can produce only improvement values; land values are the result of the growth of the community. It is not a tax on labor; it is not a tax at all. It confiscates only man's power to confiscate. Under the present system the assessor follows the progressive man. The opulent are the favored and the few. The growing wage-earner is hammered by a malicious tax from the cradle to the grave. The unimproved and unoccupied lot must pay the same taxes as the adjoined lot upon which stands a house with all its blessings. The speaker next argued at length in advocacy on the second phase of the affirmative, "the government ownership of all public utilities."
ar. groundh in opening for the negative declared that his opponent was a socialist in so far as he demanded the nationalization "of all public utilities." The former speaker declared it to be the duty of the government to own and operate all railroads, telegraphs, telephones, express companies and other "national monopolies" and of the municipalities to control all such "public utilities" as water works, gas plants, electric plants, and street railways. This says Mr. Groulmund, is not single tax but semi-democracy in industry. Socialism contemplates the government management of all capital, democracy in industry. Single tax would not only confiscate the property of but one class but proposes to remit to all other classes what taxes, they do now pay. It would shift speculation, which now affects land, to other industries thus stepping up a fearful competition that must inevitably result in greater evil.
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