Senate Passes Nuclear Treaty
WASHINGTON—(UPI)—In a historic action, the Senate today ratified the treaty with Russia banning nuclear tests in the atmosphere, outer space and under water. President Kennedy called it a single but substantial step toward peace.
All but one of the 100 senators—the ailing Sen. Clair Engle, D-Calif.-were on hand for the 80-19 roll call vote. The margin was 14 votes more than the required two thirds majority.
SENATE GALLERIES were jammed as the Senate started its roll call at 8:30 a.m. to climax weeks of debate featuring untold thousands of words on the agreement reached between the United States, Britain and Russia after prolonged negotiation.
On the showdown, 55 Democrats joined 25 Republicans in voting for the treaty. Opposed were 11 Democrats and 8 Republicans.
Ratification of the pact expected and it was a diplomatic if not a
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direct political victory for Kennedy who had argued that rejection of the pact, despite its limited nature, would be a step backward in the quest for peace.
THE ONLY SURPRISE on the roll call was provided by Sen. Margaret Chase Smith who kept her stand in doubt throughout the long debate and wound up voting against the treaty.
Mrs. Smith said in a statement that her troubled vote was one of the most difficult she had faced in 23 years in Congress.
The jeopardy the treaty imposes on our national security is a more compelling argument against the treaty than the political and psychological disadvantages that would stem from rejection of the treaty, she said.
Sen. Barry Goldwater, R-Ariz., the front-runner for the Republican presidential nomination in public opinion polls, carried through his vote to vote against the treaty even if—in his words—it means political suicide.
JUST BEFORE FINAL action, Democratic Congressional leaders conferred with the President at the White House. Senate Democratic Leader Mike Mansfield, Mont., told reporters the President expressed his delight with this single but substantial step toward peace.
Significantly, the treaty carried no U.S. reservations or understandings which might jeopardize ratification by other countries. All such proposals were rejected.
Kansas Senators James Pearson and Frank Carlson both voted for the treaty.
President Kennedy's remarks were made in a regular weekly meeting with Democratic leaders at the White House.
Senate Democratic leader Mike Mansfield, Mont., said Kennedy, in talking about the historic action, also expressed the hope that by passage of his civil rights and tax legislation, the current session of congress could turn out to be historic.
The House and Senate leaders conferred with the Chief Executive shortly before he departed on an 11-state non-political inspection tour of conservation and reclamation areas.
House Democratic leader Carl Albert said he hoped the $11 billion proposed tax cut bill would pass congress with no reservations.
Daily hansan
LAWRENCE, KANSAS
61st Year, No.8
Tuesday, Sept. 24, 1963
Students' Bias, Prejudice Reflected in HRC Survey
By Clare Casey
THE STUDENTS of KU "represent a great variety of positions on human rights." Most of the feelings expressed in the survey "result not from a lack of information, lack of clear thinking, or lack of moral strength, but rather from the variety of assumed values held by a society as heterogeneous as that of a great University," the HRC said.
Frank Thompson Jr., Iola senior;
The Human Rights Committee (HRC) survey on discrimination reveals that KU students are biased against many minority groups. This bias is partially reflected by the students' living groups and class standing at the University.
The HRC last night announced the results of the survey made last spring on the KU campus.
who is chairman of the committee, said that out of the 488 questionnaires mailed, 304 or $62\%$ were returned. From this return, the committee selected eight groups to be represented in the report on the basis of their numerical significance in the university. Those chosen were: fraternities, men's large residence halls, sororities, women's large residence halls, students living in apartments or boarding houses, fraternities and -sororities combined, and married students.
In only 13 of the questionnaires returned, did the student consider himself a member of a minority.
THE SURVEY disclosed that there is definitely discrimination on matters such as marriage, close friendship and living group affiliation.
OK Forecast on ASC 12-Point Rights Bill
A SECTION of the bill asks social organizations to seek elimination of race bars at the national level also upholds the right of these groups to choose their members freely.
Bv Fred Frailev
Immediate enactment by The All Student Council is expected tonight of a 12-point civil rights bill advocating elimination of all racial barriers at KU.
The bill, to be introduced by the Human Rights Committee of the ASC, will be the major item of business facing the council at its first meeting of the year at 7:30 in the Sunflower Room of the Kansas Union.
"The All Student Council disapproves of any action to force a social group to accept any person if it does not wish," the bill says.
Enactment of the entire measure was predicted last night by Greg Turner, Seattle, Wash., senior who is chairman of the Committee on Committees and Legislation. Turner's committee approved the bill Saturday, clearing the way for final passage.
CONVICT ART—A broken hour glass and a spider-webbed chess board depicted the future for Ernest L. Aspinwall as he saw it several months ago in his improvised studio at the Kansas State Penitentiary. Since his parole in May from convictions for kidnaping and habitual
criminal acts the picture has changed. The artist was given a commission last night by the National Santa Fe Trail Association to paint a historical mural of the 800-mile Santa Fe Trail. His prison paintings are slated for exhibition in Kansas City, Mo., theaters this fall.
TURNER SAID his prediction of prompt approval of the civil rights bill is based on the atmosphere surrounding civil rights proposals, the views of ASC members toward the bill and the measure's relative mildness.
Other parts of the proposed measure reaffirm University policy or nondiscrimination in health services intramurals, admissions, employment policy and recreation.
"The thought behind this bill is to deal with civil rights in two ways," Turner said. "The first step would be a general policy statement, which is what I would call this bill. Then if specific problems arise, the ASC can pass specific legislation in accordance with policy outlined in the bill."
Major items of the four-page bill advocate:
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There was a considerable difference in the responses of the KU living groups. The English ethnic group is generally accepted by all the students into kinship by marriage. Only 62%, however, will accept Italians into kinship by marriage, and only 83% will accept them into close friendship.
The responses of the fraternity and sorority members appear to be less critical of social intimacy with English and Italian ethnic groups than does the rest of the student body. Japanese are significantly less accepted than Italians, and Negroes are significantly less accepted than the other groups.
ONE OF THE more important questions asked was whether the student felt that Negroes should have their own fraternities and sororites.
The committee pointed out in its report that separate fraternities and sororities exist on the campus. However, it also pointed out that with the exception of two fraternities whose constitutions contains a clause limiting membership to white males, fraternity and sorority segregation at KU is only maintained by tradition and the mechanics of the "blackball system" by which no person may be pledged without the consent of the active chapter.
The questionnaire showed that fraternity and sorority members are in favor of maintaining the present situation. Most students felt integration of fraternities and sororities should be left to the individual houses.
According to the survey, there is no significant group of students on
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Weather
High today 85 to 90 degrees. Cooler tonight and Wednesday with skies remaining clear to partly cloudy. Low tonight 60 to 65 degrees.
Paroled Convict Painter To Draw Historic Mural
Four months ago, Ernest L. Aspinwall languished behind bars at the Kansas State Penitentiary. With two life sentences confronting him for kidnapping and habitual criminal acts, he had little hope of freedom.
Today, the 54-year-old Aspinwall is on the outside and has been commissioned by the National Santa Fe Trails Association to paint a huge wall mural of the historic Santa Fe Trail.
By Byron Klapper
He was released May 13 after serving 11 years. The artist's parole will remain in effect until 2009. Aspinwall is in custody of Dale Imhoff of Lawrence, his parole officer, and the Rev. David H. Ledford of Olathe, his sponsor.
Aspinwall left the penitentiary with a mission.
"They believed I had the potential to succeed on the outside and gave me the chance to try. Whether the same opportunity will be given to others will probably depend on how well I do," Aspinwall said.
Aspinwall's murals decorate offices in the statehouse in Topeka, walls in the prison theater and windows of the prison chapel.
THE SELECTION of Aspinwall to do the historical mural was the second boost in the artist's new career as a free man.
The first came when the management of the Capri and Empire theaters in Kansas City, Mo., announced their intention to exhibit Aspinwall's "convict art" in the lobby of one of the two theaters this fall.
The Santa Fe mural is slated for completion on time for the June, 1964, national convention of the Santa Fe Trails group at Merriam.
About 40 cities lie along the 800-mile Santa Fe route. Each will be depicted according to its historical value in relation to the past, present and future in the growth of the Midwest, Amos said.
The mural, in the nature of a historical map, will begin with U.S. 56 at Independence, and will end at the "End Santa Fe Trail" marker on U.S. 85 at Santa Fe.
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