University Daily Kansan, October 27.1983
Page 5
Unemployed
continued from p. 1
Employment in the trade and service areas went up because more employees were needed to accommodate the increased number of customers, McAtee said. Area retail merchants and restaurant owners hired more employees last month.
THE LAST TIME Kansas could boast an unemployment rate below 5 percent was in March 1982, when unemployment dropped to 4.9 percent. In April 1962, however, state unemployment increased to 5.1 percent and the unemployment rate peaked at 6.9 percent in January of this year.
Although most employment was up in September, McAtee said, employment in industries such as construction or aircraft manufacturing dropped slightly.
"Manufacturing employment has dropped," he said. "In September, employment was 4,000. Last September it was 4,300 and in 1980, it was up around 5,000."
Plants which produce consumable goods, such as rubber, printed materials and paper products, had the highest unemployment rate in September. McAtee said.
The number of people employed by the aircraft industry also decreased in September. But the unemployment rate in Wichita, the site of most of the aircraft industry, Kansas, still decreased from 6.5 percent in August to 6.4 percent in September.
Information for this story was also supplied by United Press International.
KU prof studies characteristics of cocaine users
By GINA K. THORNBURG
Heavy cocaine users are competitive people who think that success is being able to inject themselves daily with one to three grams of cocaine, a KU professor of psychology said.
Staff Reporter
"They'll simply destroy themselves to get it." Prankster, the professor, said of heavy US debt. (AP)
Since 1974, Shontz and James V. Spots, of the Greater Kansas City Mental Health Foundation, have conducted a series of studies of heavy users of several different drugs. The methods used by the men are unique because they have done more studies of a small group of people. Shontz said.
The two men have recently finished their research and are now analyzing the data they have collected, he said. They are compiling all of the papers they have written on the various studies and will eventually collate them for future publication.
"We find there are differences in the different kinds of persons who use different kinds of drugs," Shontz said. For example, people who are not the same as people who use barbiturates.
Shontz said that he and Spotts had studied the cocaine users by trying to get to know each man personally. They did not want to compile the most drug researchers have done in the past.
Spots said, "The typical research has to have a way to condense data . . . to compute averages.
Shontz said, "We wanted to get to know the cocaine users better than they know themselves. The only way you can hope to understand the problem, your person's life is to know about the person's life."
"That's fine, except people aren't average. I have two sons, but I don't have 2.3 children, which is the national average."
Spotts said that the studies, which each lasted for a year and a half, have included studies on heavy users of amphetamines, barbituates and other drugs.
A series of grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse has financed the studies since 2005.
The first study, which ended in 1975, was of 10 heavy users of coinease in the Kansas City area.
Shontz said that he and Spots had deliberately chosen users from a variety of backgrounds, including blue-collar workers, people off the street, and middle and upper-class people.
Spotts said that heavy users of cocaine could not be called "addicts" because no one had determined whether the drug was physically addictive.
Shontez said the two researchers eventually studied 10 heavy cocaine users for periods of four weeks.
However, he said, "It's certainly psychologically addictive."
The men in the cocaine study were chronic users who spent every penny they had on the drug. Shontz tell. The chronic users were more likely to inject cocaine instead of inhaling it in low doses.
"Most people who snort it do not take it at high
Spotts and Shontz also studied 10 non-users from similar backgrounds.
levels," he said. "When injecting it, the whole point is to have high levels."
Shontz said the study had shown that users directed their energies to satisfying their self-centered addiction, whereas the non-users experienced energies outside of themselves and had jobs.
The cocaine users who were studied had a lot in common, he said.
"They are strongly achievement-oriented
people he said, 'and they don't like to be
pledged on any."
"It's difficult to get them to enter treatment, and it's difficult to keep them," he said.
Spotts said that because the heavy cocaine users were so independent, drug counselors had怕被
The cost and the scarcity of the drug are among the reasons why cocaine has a high
The feeling that cocaine produces once it is injected also gives the user a feeling of success, he said. But the cocaine user will go on binges when he eats it. The result is sheen food, and, in the end, he feels rotten.
He said that Richard Pryor in the movie Sunset Strip" perfectly depicted the typical baggage of a young man.
The two researchers wrote a book about their cocaine study titled "Cocaine Users: A Repreporation of the State"
Spots said that in the early 1970s, when his research began, the U.S. government was under increasing pressure to deal with
cocaine and that their research was a response to that concern. ]
Shontz was a five-year member on a committee that reviewed drug abuse research applications.
"On the committee for the National Institute on Drug Abuse, there was a general feeling that cocaine usage was a problem wherever you happened to be," he said.
National surveys on drug abuse indicate an increase in the use of cocaine in the household within the last 10 years, said Ann Blanken, an epidemiologist and Statistical Analysis for NDA.
In a 1972 survey conducted by the division, 70 of 772 respondents in the 18-25 age group said they had tried cocaine at least once. Blankenkamp and colleagues found that the same age group said they had tried cocaine.
Blanken said that the surveys might not represent heavy users of cocaine because household surveys did not include data on street people nor on people hospitalized for drug abuse.
In response to these trends in the 1970s, Spoils said, NIDA officials wanted to sponsor research on cocaine so that information would be available to help the drug's chronic users.
From interviews with the users, Shontz and Spots discovered that the users' parents also use social media.
The fathers were usually competent, but not very affectionate, he said. The users wanted to be more patient.
"The mothers were remote, distant people who were not terribly maternal," he said. "The boys wanted affection from their mothers, who were aloof."
Mideast
continued from p.1
Marines fired 81 mm mortars to suppress gun and rocket-propelled grenade fire from slums east of the base.
There was no firing during Bush's stay, but after he left, Muslim gunmen were seen setting up gun posts in an alley between the northeast perimeter of the airport.
Meanwhile, Secretary of State George Shultz flew to Paris to discuss the multinational peace-keeping force in Lebanon with foreign ministers of the three other countries that make up the force.
U. S. officials said that Shultz wanted to assure the foreign ministers of Britain, France and Italy that the United States is not pulling out, despite the deaths of 219 Americans in the bomb attack.
Shultz also wants to discuss new security measures to try to prevent a recurrence of the attack, the political future of Lebanon and broader Middle East problems, including the future of the Persian Gulf.
IN WASHINGTON, Sen. John Melcher, D-Mont., introduced a resolution that would repeal the authority that Congress recently gave President Reagan to keep U.S. Marines in Lebanon for another 18 months.
Under provisions of the war powers compromise approved by Congress Sept. 29, Melcher's resolution must be amended so that he and his Relations Committee within 15 days.
If passed by both the Senate and House, Melcher's resolution would require Reagan to submit a report on the Marine stationing seeking congressionalization for them to remain. However, Reagan could veto the resolution.
In a related action, a Senate Democratic caucus unanimously approved a resolution yesterday urging President Reagan to try to replace the Marines with a force from the United Nations or other neutral countries.
SENATE DEMOCRATIC Leader Robert Byd, D-WVa., told reporters that the caucus approved a resolution calling on Reagan to provide "immediate, maximum protection and security for U.S. forces in Lebanon."
The Marines have already made efforts to increase their security.
Marine spokesman Maj. Robt Jordan said the U.S. would not disclose the location of the new Battalion Landing Team headquarters, formed by 300 Marines who arrived a day earlier.
Since Sunday's bombing, another 2-ton truck, with a 50-caliber machine gun nest perched on top, has been positioned pointing outwards at the entrance of the base to prevent any suicide driver from penetrating.
The BLT is the nerve center of the Marine base, with the headquarters of the combat operations and vital communications.
JORDAN CONCEDED THE MARINE base for the last year has been an "open book," with journalists and other journalists about its abuses and nature of different units.
"All that has changed," said Jordan. Now we realize that there are some people who don't like us very much around here."
In Washington, House Speaker Thomas O'Neill charged that a U.S. "military blunder" contributed to lack of security.
"The nation is shocked at the lack of protection for the Marines," O'Neill said. "It was a military blunder of a magnitude." The nation's defense officials a bazooka to knock that truck out.
Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger said that security at the base "probably can be improved" and that "in hindsight we may do more."
KU & United Way Working Together For The Community
Did You Know —
More than 30 KU faculty and staff serve on United Fund agency boards.
—The KU Law School, along with the United Fund, the local Bar Association, and city and county revenue sharing, have established a Legal Aid service on campus.
About 20 percent of the clients at Women's Transitional Care Services, a United Fund agency, are KU students.
— Fifteen campus groups requested the rape prevention presentation offered by the Rape Victim Support Services, a United Fund Agency, last year. Ten KU students asked for help from R.V.S.S.
Douglas County Association for Retarded Citizens, a United Fund agency, along with the University of Kansas and USD 497, administers the Lawrence Early Education Program for preschoolers with disabilities, located in Haworth Hall.
Currently, 60 KU students are receiving day care scholarships for their children through the Douglas County Child Development Association, a United Fund agency.
—Consumer Affairs, a United Fund agency, has a campus office in 104C Kansas Union
—KU's Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity co-sponsors "C.P.R. Saturday" with the Red Cross, a United Fund agency.
—Of the 75 volunteer workers at Headquarters, a United Fund agency, 60 are KU students. About half of Headquarters' 10,000 yearly contacts are made by KU students.
Return your pledge today.
One gift, one time, each year, helps people in your community all year long.
—KU's Interfraternity Council and Panhellenic organizations co-sponsor the blood mobile each semester with the Red Cross, a United Fund agency.
United Way 843-6626
Lawrence/Douglas County
United Fund
P.O.Box 116
Lawrence, KS
66044
United Press International
BEIRUT, Lebanon — A Marine calls home, while others wait in line. Many families still do not know whether their relatives stationed in Beirut are alive.
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Applications are available in the SOA Office, 403 Kansas Union
For more information, call— Tina at 841-9211 or 864-5552
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