University Daily Kansan, April 27, 1983
Page 5
Haiti
From page 1
with its sentences characterized by explicit rules that are different from French.
Although Haitian is widely recognized as the repository of the culture and expressive of the soul of its people, it remains a second-class language in Haiti.
This has helped inhibit any movement to provide Haitian a suitable orthography. Because it functioned as a vernacular whose domain was not English, we were told to field, there was never a need to write it down.
rnat is until 1942, when Ormonde McConnell, a Methodist missionary from Northern Ireland, enlisted the aid of the famous American language expert Frank Laubach, devised a spelling system for Haitian. A revised system is still in use today.
HOWEVER, IN 1975, a team of French linguists came up with an alternative system for spelling, which the French government made obligatory if Haiti were to receive educational training.
Bryant Freeman, KU professor of French and Italian, who three years ago began one of two Haitian programs offered in the country, said, "This more recent system has done immense harm to efforts by Haitians to increase literacy because many are uncertain which spelling system to use."
The debate has been and continues to be an extremely heated one. On the one hand, the Bible, as well as a number of literary works, has been published in the tradition of the University Ministry of Education has published a series of textbooks for primary grades using the new system.
Compounding the problem is considerable opposition from the Haitian upper-class to teaching Haitian Creole as a language at lute. It should be too readily accessible to the peasants.
"It has often been suggested," Freeman said,
"that the new spelling system is a sophisticated
attempt to saboteur and undermine the status of Haitian altogether.
"AFTER ALL, what better way to destabilize a language — a language still seeking official recognition — than to invalidate its spelling system every few years?"
study in Rachat's school. "Haitian Creole is something to be ashamed of from what I saw," she said. "Most of the people I tried speaking with were embarrassed to use it."
system every year.
Cindy Treaster, Lawrence graduate student in Latin American Studies, received a fellowship to study in Haiti last summer.
She said that some Haitians told her that schools should teach both Haitian Creole and French.
Trester and others are suggesting a program that Haiti's minister of education, Joseph Bernard, proposed several years ago. The program would have taught Haitian in the schools for the first four years of elementary school.
His theory, and that of other proponents of a bilingual education system, was that students could learn more quickly in Haitian and would thus not risk miss out on the basics of mathematics, reading and health. French would come easily after a few years, he said.
come easy. Bernard, however, was dismissed as minister of education in July 1982, before he was able to implement his plan.
AND SO IT goes. Or, as they say in Haitian, a language replete with proverbs beautifully suited to capsulating all problems, great and small: "Deye mon, gin mon," meaning, "Behind mountains, more mountains."
hit for her body. "I always believe in the future being better." "I believe for that," he said.
Laguerre would eventually like to return to Haiti to teach.
"I WANT TO talk to the people and show them that Haitian Creole is valuable," he said. "When they realize that Creole has value, then they, too, will have value."
From page 1
"It's not all good," he said. "Obviously, it means that you go in-depth in some areas but it's possible that blinders go with specialization. You go so deeply into a particular interest that you may miss some things."
Fields
FIELDS he said he thought the University had grown too large and had lost some of its closeness. However, he said, students could still attend classes with professors, at in a smaller college, if they tried.
I think it's quite possible to get a good college. It may be
education now as it was to get a good education then," he said. "And a lot of people managed to get around it then, and manage to get around it now.
Although KU offers more majors and special programs than it used to, Fields hesitated to say the University was better now than in the 1930s.
"I think it's impossible to compare," he said.
"I never thought I needed to apologize for my undergraduate degree at all. You are looking at a much more complex world now."
Abuse
Part of the reason people do not know how to be a parent, she said, is that families are not as close as they once were. Therefore, children do not learn until they start child rearing from their parents or grandparents.
didn't know how to handle it. I realize now that there are no natural parents. Everyone has to be taught how to be a parent."
She said that she did not want to return to those times but that people needed some way to learn. She was very upset.
From page 1
Frustration and the lack of the control were the main causes of child abuse in her case, she said.
"FTS LIKE THE husband comes home and kicks the wife. The wife kicks the child, and the child kicks the dog. A lot of times it's a chain," she said.
One night five years ago, however, Sue said she saw a television show that dealt with child abuse. And an abusive parent was talking about how he had killed his child.
he had kicked me out.
"I didn't want to go that far with my son, so I called the number on the screen and they fixed me u m with the group in Kansas City.
"I felt good and bad. I felt bad that I was abusing my child. But at the same time, I felt good that someone else had the same problem. I didn't feel alone."
She said she had to sort out which situations
"IT WAS VERY difficult at first. I felt like blaming every one for what I had done, but I realized there were certain things that I had control over, and there were other things that I had." she said.
she had control over, correct them, and then had to work on dealing with those things she could not control.
Her husband, she said, would tell her to quiet their 8-year-old child. Ronnie. Then she would get angry at having to keep the child quiet.
"Well, if I'd have thought of it, I should have told him to quiet him."
By controlling some of the outward things, she said, anger can be avoided or lessened.
For example, she said, many parents put household objects on low shelves where children could easily knock them off. Such situations often lead to abuse.
"I CAN'T understand why people would put these things on low shelves where children can get to them," she said. "And then turn around and slap the kids for touching them. All they would have to do would be to put them on a shelf."
However, she said, many parents, especially women, find themselves abusing their children because children are the most easily controlled.
"People are controlled all the time," she said.
And they get frustrated. "I don't know where I am going with this thing available."
But children are not as innocent as everyone would like, she said.
which she said.
"Children do get rowdy and run about the house. But that's no reason to resort to violence," she said.
a child."
"My mother whipped me with a belt," she said. "And now I think that is horrible. But my mother was just doing what everyone else did. My mother was bad, was jailized them with violence."
victory, e;
SUE SAD THAT now her technique to calm herself and her child in a tense situation was to make the child sit in the corner. That way, both she and the child have time to think about what happened.
But the old saying, 'Spare the rod, spoil the child' is not relevant. Sue said.
Violence serves no purpose, she said, when it is used to punish children for things they will never remember doing when they are adults.
stability.
Sue said that sometimes he did things to purposely irritate her, so that she would give him attention.
Since she has learned not to abuse her child, Sue said, her son sometimes wants her to revert to the old way because it gives him a sense of stability.
But, she said, he was learning what her new response would be, and he now admits that he was an abused child.
Water
From page 1
Gerard said that water users should be looking to existing reservoirs for water before new ones were built.
were both.
"The reservoirs we have are sliding in," he said. "If we do not use them, we lose them. They need to be marketed."
But Mangledsdorf said that the water available in existing reservoirs was not enough to meet the demands of the state's biggest water users.
"IF YOU TRY to match up the biggies, it just isn't," she said.
central Kansas cities are not alone in the competition for water.
isn't there. Gerard estimated that the pipeline would cost between $130 million and $200 million — $1 million a mile for the pipeline itself and $70 million for a water treatment plant and pumping stations.
Agriculture is competing with municipal and industrial users, he said. Cities are competing with cities. Regions are competing with regions.
"I promise you, people will practice conservation at that location," Jered said. "But when I die, the city will be empty."
McPherson residents will have to pay "one big increase" if the pipeline is built, he said. Domestic users who now pay 70 cents for 1,000 gallons of water and those paying $50 for 1,000 gallons of water from the pipeline.
Loyd said, "We've come to a point where there is a shortage of water for all uses. All over the world."
"Water has always been a controlling factor in a city's growth."
GERARD SAID northeastern and south
But cities have historically had a natural relationship with their sources of water, he said. Cities have grown without a concern for water.
LAWRENCE IS IN an area of natural growth, he said, but other areas without the natural resources of Lawrence may decline or die.
"I Lawrence has provided for itself in terms of water," he said. "We'll probably run out of land resources."
Lawrence is now using about 7.5 mgd — 2.5 mgd from the Kansas River and 5 mgd from Clinton Reservoir. Usage increases to 10 or 12 mgd in the summer.
mgd to the south. The city has a contract with the state to take 10 mgd from Clinton and has an application pending for 5 more mgd.
Wyncoop said, "There are a lot of people crying 'wolf' about water in Kansas. But I think there's enough water around for everybody."
"THE PROBLEM IS, logistically, where the water is."
But Gerard said that that problem could be overcome by engineering know-how and that Lawrence had made use of that know-how to obtain its water.
oatman
absence is fortunate to be where water is
pleniful, be said, but if water were scarce, Loyd
would also be looking at pumping water through
pipelines.
pipelines:
"If he had to go to Tuttle Creek, he would."
Gerard said. "I understand his concern, but we can't give up."
BOT LOYD SAID. "Eastern Kansas really has the water problem. Western Kansas doesn't."
"Surface water sources, such as reservoirs are extremely dependent upon natural precipitation. We are very vulnerable to an extended drought.
but the groundwater resources of western Kansas, unless mined excessively, are a stable supply.
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