University Daily Kansan, February 9; 1983
Page 5
Xerox
From page one
Although he asked the publisher to print the book in paperback form, he said, he received no response.
"And without a book, we're faced with the alternative of not teaching the class," he said.
Clifford Ketzel, professor of political science, said he had reproduced some copyrighted material for his classes every year.
HE SAID HE thought professors who reproduced parts of copyrighted works did so because the material was timely and would help their students.
"It helps further your teaching objectives, so you do it," Ketzel said.
He said he did not think he had violated the copyright laws.
"I'm probably pushing it a little bit, but I've convinced myself that what I'm copying is legal." Ketzel said. "That's probably not enough from the publishers' point of view, though."
Ketzel is right.
Parker Ladd, director of the college division of the Association of American Publishers, a New York City firm that brought the copyright infringement suit against NYU on behalf of nine publishing companies, said professors could not be excused for violating copyright laws.
"Everybody has to obey the law," he said. "Professors don't take the time or have the respect to ask for permission."
"The long-range effects of copyright abuse will be fewer books and fewer writers," he said.
LADD SAID professors who violated copyright laws had hurt both the writing and publishing industries.
Ladd said he did not think the copyright laws were vague, especially when coupled with the additional fair use guidelines.
Local photoencoding services also are liable under the copyright laws, and most of them post signs next to their self-service copying machines that alert patrons to the laws.
Lynn Hawkes, executive assistant for the Santa Barbara, Calif., home office of Kinko's Copies, said Kinko's would not reproduce any copyrighted materials if such reproduction was.
Kinko's has more than 100 stores located near universities across the country. Its Lawrence store is at 904 Vermont St.
HAWKES SAID professors had been required to sign a release that confirmed a number of copyright guidelines limiting the number of copies and the portion of the work that could be copied.
Sheryl Streich, production manager for the House of Usher, 838 Massachusetts St., said the store had refused to copy any copyrighted material because of confusion about the copyright laws.
copyright laws.
"We just don't even bother with it at all."
Streich said. "Even one copy can get us in trouble."
State legislators move to free Hugoton gas
From staff and wire reports
TOPEKA — In response to massive federal gas deregulation, at least 20 state legislators yesterday introduced a bill that would free huge reserves of cheaper natural gas in the vast Hugoton field of southwest Kansas.
nation of oil and gas.
State. Robert Vancum, R-Overland Park, one of the bill's co-sponsors, said the natural gas industry had exploited the federal government's deregulation of natural gas.
"It is a pretty radical solution. But something radical needs to be done," he said.
Vancourt said he anticipated a lot of debate among legislators.
ALTHOUGH THREE sponsors conceded many people would call the bill radical because it has the effect of "nationalizing" natural gas supplies in Kansas, they said they preferred to think of it as an innovative approach to offset the effects of federal decontrol of the natural gas industry.
The proposal is aimed at freeing the gas in the Hugoton field and getting it to consumers, who would benefit because the field's natural gas is less expensive than that currently being marketed. Rep. Kerry Patrick, R-Leawood, said.
The lake of natural gas from the 13-county Hugleton field has dropped from 515 million units in 1977 to 214 million units in 1982, according to the Kansas Corporation Commission. Federal decontrol of the natural gas industry took effect in 1978. Currently, the transmission of gas from
the field is between 20 percent and 70 percent capacity.
capacity.
Natural gas from the Hugoton field is relatively cheap, averaging 57 cents per thousand cubic feet. Newer, more expensive gas is costing some consumers as much as $3 per thousand cubic feet because of so-called take or pay contracts that force pipelines to buy the newer gas.
newer gas.
REP. GEITH FARRAR. R.Hugoton, said he was philosophically opposed to the bill but was sponsoring it because he could not think of a better way to get the inexpensive gas out of the fields and into the homes of consumers.
fields and into the shore.
Patrick said he, Farrar and Rep. Robert H. Miller, of Washington, had met with Attorney General Robert Stephan on the legality of the novel concept, which if adopted would make Kansas the only state to take over natural gas interests.
Patrick said. Farrar said it would be wrong of the state to buy into the wholesale business as a profit-making venture. The spirit of the proposal is simply to get the gas moving from the Hugoton field and provide consumers with cheaper fuel than is currently on the market, he said.
interests.
"The attorney general seems to believe that the state does have this condemnation power." Patrick said.
this is currently Patrick said sponsors of the bill were Republican and from all areas of the state. No Democrats sponsored the bill.
Democrats sponsored and the MILLER SAID that sponsors expected strong opposition from the natural gas industry and were ready for a fight.
really for a right.
State Rep. Bjo Jo Charlton, D-Lawrence.
said she was surprised by the Republican's bold move.
"It's very imaginative on the part of the Republicans," she said. "It's out of character."
Charlton also said the bill might be a warning to the federal government that something needed to be done about the effects on consumers of deregulation.
"The consequences of deregulation of natural gas are finally coming home to the legislators from western Kansas, who in the past have been opposed to the severance tax," she said. "I think we are going to be able to make common cause with them."
SHE SAID A severance tax would be greatly enriched by an increase the amount of gas that is pumped from the Hugotton field.
pumped from the Hugoton field. Patrick said the bill would create the Kansas Natural Gas Authority, which would be the wholesale distributor of the natural gas and would sell the gas to both interstate and intrastate retailers. The bill would not force the state to purchase natural gas leases, but gives it the authority to do so.
The Natural Gas Authority would have the power to;
However, if the bill is passed — and it is guaranteed a rough road through the Legislature because of its implications — the sponsors would seek a Kansas Supreme Court decision immediately to determine its constitutionality.
- purchase outright or through the power of eminent domain (condemn) the working interest of any gas lease in Kansas and acquire the same rights as the owner of any working interest.
- purchase outright or through eminent
domain any needed transmission pipelines, thus forcing them to carry state-owned gas.
*declare any transmission pipeline a common carrier which would be required to take, for a reasonable charge, the gas sold from the state-owned leases.
- issue revenue bonds for up to 40 years to finance the project. Anywhere from $500 million to $2 billion in bonds could be required
Patrick said the sponsors had already discussed with Sen. Norman Gaar, R-Westwood, a bonding attorney, whether the state could issue bonds to purchase the working interests. Gaar said he believed it could.
The bonds would be retired with revenues earned from the sale of the natural gas to utilities, Patrick said. The wholesale cost of the natural gas would be set at a rate that would cover the costs of condemnation and help pay off the revenue bonds and operating costs.
Patrick said the bill was not radical because several small towns in Kansas already own their own gas companies. He said royalty owners would benefit from the increased production of natural gas and local units of government would see increased property tax revenue.
Pipelines already in the Hugoton field would be nearly sufficient to accommodate the increased production if the state purchased gas leases, Farrar said.
Miller said he thought sponsors would have a good chance at winning approval of the bill because legislators were tired of feeling impatient at complaints from their constituents over the rising price of natural gas bills.
Mideast
From page one
of the commission's recommendation that Sharon should quit or be fired.
Sarah, A. a second special Cabinet meeting was scheduled for today.
scheduled for today.
The panel said in its report: "It is impossible to justify the defense minister's disregard of the danger of a massacre."
danger of a missile.
Sharon personally gave the order allowing the Christian militiamen to assault Sabra and Chatlia camps, surrounded by the Israeli army, to remove what he claimed were 2,000 Palestinian guerrillas hiding there.
tuman guerriors manage there.
Sharon Informed and the Cabinet of his order about 90 minutes after the militiamen, known as Phalangists, were inside.
HUNDREDS WERE killed in the massacre but an accurate toll may never be determined. The bodies of 328 victims were recovered, according to the Lebanese Civil Defense, but many more were listed as missing.
The commission's 108-page report held Prime Minister Menachem Begin responsible for indifference to Sharon's actions and Foreign Minister Vitzah Shamir for ignoring a warning the killings were under way, but did not ask for the removal of either of those men.
Israel bears "indirect responsibility" for the massacre, the commission said.
there, the commission said.
Along with Sharon, the commission said Ma).
Gen Yebushua Saguy, chief of military intelligence, should resign, and former Beirut area commander Amos Yaron should be kept from field command for three years.
The National Religious Party, the Begin government's chief coalition partner, called for an immediate resignation by Sharon.
THE COMMISSION, reluctantly appointed by the government, sketched a profile of Sharon showing him to be insensitive to the fate of the Palestinians at the hands of the Christian militiamen.
militiam.
During Lebanon's 1975/76 civil war, mass killings of Christians by Palestinians, and vice versa, were common. The Sept. 14 assassination of Christian leader and Lebanese President elect Bashir Gemayel, provoked further Christian anger against the Palestinians, who were suspected of being behind the killing.
suspected or being mistreated.
"From the defense minister himself, we know that this consideration did not concern him in the least," the report said. "In our view, the minister of defense made a grave mistake when he ignored the dangers of acts of revenge."
"We have found that the minister of defense bears personal responsibility," the report said.
White House spokesman Larry Speakes said of the commission's findings, "It's strictly an internal Israeli matter."1
NEITHER THE LEBANese government nor the Christian militia commented on the findings.
Began. The commission said Begin was aware the Christian militiamen might use the Palestinian refugees as a target for revenge following the assassination of Gamayel.
No recommendations were made regarding the future of the commander of Israeli troops in Lebanon, MaJ Gen. Amir Dori. But the report said he was guilty of "breach of security" in dealing with the Phalange and for failing to raise the matter with Chief of Staff LT. Gen. Rafael Eatan at the time.
"The panel reached "grave conclusions" about Eitan's "inaction" but withdrew a recommendation about his future since his five-year term ends in April.
ends in April.
The commission cleared the head of the Mossad intelligence agency, the Israeli equivalent of the CIA, and Sharon aide Avi Dudai, who had received warnings they might be harmed by its findings.
**INFRACTIONS**
DIPLOMATIC SOURCES said yesterday the findings might jeopardize talks between Lebapese and Israeli negotiators.
The negotiators held an unusually brief session yesterday. The meeting in the Beirut suburb of Khalde, which lasted 75 minutes, made no progress, the diplomatic sources said.
The usual communique spelling out the date and place of the next meeting was not issued, and the Israeli delegation returned home for consultations.
consolidations:
A Lebanese source close to the negotiations said, "It seems the commission's recommendations changed the mood of the conference."
"NOTHING CAN BE ruled out. It is one thing if Sharon resigns. It is another thing if the whole Israel Cabinet quits. We will have to wait and see."
A Lebanese official who requested anonymity said, "The recommendations are serious, and there is a feeling that they will have a bearing on the withdrawal negotiations. The Israeli side seems apprehensive of the possible effects on their administration."
The Israeli-Lebanese talks are covering future relations between the two nations and the withdrawal of Israel troops from Lebanon. The twice weekly meetings have alternated between Khalede and the northern Israeli town of Kiryat Shamona.
In the mountains southeast of Beirut, Israeli troops supported by helicopter spotters policed a daylong cease-fire between Lebanese Christian and Druze militiamen, police said.
Israel has said it invited the Lebanese army to move into the southeastern mountains, but indicated no willingness to pull out its own troops.
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Only the trendsetter could offer its members a great promotion like this. Come register tonight and every Wednesday night now thru March 2,1983.
TO THE CLASS OF 1983
It's time to order your graduation announcements and name cards at:
MAIN UNION, LEVEL 2
8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m.
THE SATELLITE UNION 8:30 a.m.-7:00 p.m.
Prepaid orders MUST be placed on February 9th & 10th.
Visa and Mastercard welcome.
kansas
union bookstores main union level 2, satellite shop