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University Daily Kansan Wednesday, March 24.1954
Yugoslavia Still Cold To Kremlin Influence
Yugoslavia recently has been making overtures to Soviet satellites for resumption of normal relations with those countries. The question would arise whether Yugoslavia seeks return to the Cominform and acceptance once again of direction from Moscow.
The answer would be no. Yugoslavia wishes no truck with Russia, but would like to keep relations friendly with its neighbors. Yugoslavia desires to be free from war with other Balkan countries which has plagued the Balkans so often in its history.
Yugoslavia was created at the end of 1918 by the union of parts of the former Austro-Hungarian empire with Serbia and at a slightly later date, with Montenegro. The declared basis of the union was ethnic, the desire being to bring together all the South Slavs (Yugoslavs, Serbs, and Croats) though the actual frontiers represent a series of compromises. The Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes constitute 85 per cent of the population of about 16 million persons. The largest minority group is German.
With the outbreak of World War II, the Yugoslav government proclaimed its neutrality. As the year 1940 progressed, the government, despite the outspoken sympathies of the large majority of the people, showed a pronounced tendency toward approachment with Germany. Efforts to establish closer cooperation and an antifascist bloc among the Balkan countries proved futile.
The government moved closer toward the axis and in 1941 Yugoslavia signed a friendship pact with Hungary. This led to ultimate alliance with the axis powers, Germany and Italy.
armies with the ambitions of the two powers partitioned Yugoslavia. King Peter II fled to London where he set up a government-in-exile. Yugoslav guerrilla armies emerged. Within Serbia, Gen Draja Mikhailovitch organized the Chetniks. A partisan group was headed by Marshal Josip Broz, a Croat Communist, more widely known as Tito.
Tito denounced the monarchical regime and took over. In its post-war foreign policy, Yugoslavia was decidedly pro-Russian and anti-British. Gen. Mikhailovitch was declared guilty of treason and sentenced to death.
Marshal Tito's forces vastly overshadowed the Chetniks. As World War II drew to its end, he raced to Trieste only to be met by U.S. and British forces. The port was and is (still) occupied by the three powers and remains a sore spot.
Tito instituted Communist land reforms. But he resented Moscow directives and broke with the Kremlin in 1948 politically. Economic ties were severed with Russia's satellites at the same time.
Yugoslavia still hasn't recovered from the shock of severing these ties. In 1947 it had a slightly favorable balance of trade with them, exporting $173 million and buying $165 million worth of goods from them. In 1948, the year of the break, the total volume of trade was almost double 1947's, for economics didn't reflect the political warfare until the following year.
Bv 1950. Yugoslavia was in a bad wav.
Korea proved to be a turning point. A West grown panicky over a possible spread of hostilities decided that support of Tito was worth risking. Moreover, the West wanted something more than the 30 divisions that Tito controlled. It wanted the raw materials, copper, timber, and other unfinished and semi-finished goods that Yugoslavia traditionally exports.
Consequently, in 1951 and 1952, particularly in the latter year, Yugoslavia's foreign trade started up again. It was unbalanced, but it was moving upward.
But by 1953 the Korea boom was over. Imports held their own. But exports dropped by a third. As a result, 1953 showed up Yugoslavia's difficulty in dramatic relief. Even with helpful allies, Yugoslavia spent more than twice as much for imports as it earned with exports.
To all Greeks who fear the overthrow of the Greek system:
... Letters ...
It would appear from the article printed in Thursday's Kansan captioned "Attention all Greeks" that a group of fearful people designated as "anti-Greeks" meet in the catacombs of Strong, and over a brew of bat's wings and the blood of luckless Greeks plan the direct of demises for the Greek system here at KU.
One would almost expect after reading the article to find these "anti-Greeks" hanging from the branches in Marvin Grove waiting to pounce upon any Greek who chances by. Ridiculous nonsense, and in the final analysis nothing more than sour grapes.
As a member of FACTS it has been my privilege through the past two years to work in direct contact with the individuals who have been accused of infiltrating campus politics to the detriment of the Greek system. I should like to state now that never at any time did either the words or actions of these individuals lead me to believe that they were wrong about something at all. To the contrary, unlike certain leaders of Pachacamac, these persons not only had the best interests of the Greek element at heart, but the best interests of all students who attend this university.
At last the long-waited Greek move has come and campus political leaders from Greek houses have made an honest attempt at a merger between Greek and Independent interests. Independent attempts toward removing whatever barriers exist have always failed in the past so it remained for the Greeks to make the first move.
I can only have the greatest respect for people like Dick Sheldon and Gene Rogers, who personal risk aside, have devoted much time and thought toward making campus politics function for all students and assuring for all equal voice in the government of KU.
Margot Baker
journalism junior
Dear Editor,
Wash., D.C.
Your paper has been called to my attention as one of those which carries that cartoon strip POGO. As a result of my resolution to fight subversion wherever I find it, your paper has been added to my list, "To Be Investigated!"
I realize that you are not to be held responsible for printing such slanderous material, that you have been influenced by some of the communistic professors which have infiltrated our universities. So if you will just print this following letter for me, I'll see that you are not questioned with the other people on the staff.
The letter is as follows:
To a couragous and patriotic American,
Congratulations on your determined stand to preserve your free way of life. It fortifies my determination to know that I am not alone in fighting these subversives who would destroy the American life. It fortifies my deter- would give you a support by holding a thorough investigation of those infiltrating Reds you have discovered.
One other thing, editor, you could do your country a great service if you do not print the dastardly blackmail that Secretary Stevens is trying to smear me with.
Best wishes, Joe
Forgivingly, Joe M.
Daily Hansan
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Red-TaintedGuatemala A Western Headache
The Central American country of Guatemala was spotlighted at the just-concluded Inter-American conference in Caracas, Venezuela, and Communist infiltration of the country has become a big problem for the entire Western Hemisphere.
The Communists backed the revolution of 1944, and now have such a strong influence over President Jacobo Arbenz that relations with the United States have all but deteriorated.
John Foster Dulles, secretary of state, proposed a resolution of resistance to communism at the conference, which was approved by a vote of 17 to 1. Guatemala opposed the resolution, with Mexico and Argentina abstaining. The problem of communism is an intense one. Most of the nations of Central and South America are opposed to Communist infiltration, but are also extremely fearful of U.S. intervention.
The total area of Guatemala is 48,290 square miles, and the land area is 45,452 square miles. A United Nations estimate in 1951 places the nation's population at 3,284,269.
The country has seven principal ports of entry and delivery. They are Puerto, Barrios, Livingston, and Santo Tomas on the ibbean ocean, and San Jose, Champerico, and Ocos on the Pacific. San Jose is 75 miles from the capital city of Guatemala City.
The coastal lowlands have a torrid climate, the interior highlands have agreeable temperatures, and the highest areas are decidedly cool. All of the larger towns are located in the temperate and cool areas.
May to October is the rainy season. December and January are the coldest months and March and April the hottest.
May to October is the rainy the coldest months and March and April the hottest. The rich soil and varying climate make possible many vegetable products, which the National Department of Agriculture is now classifying systematically.
Guatemala has 1,300,000 acres of forest land which yields mahogany, chicle, and rubber. The virgin forest in the northern provinces is largely unexplored, but is known to contain at least 150 varieties of timber. Geological surveys show an oil seepage in the area also. Insect life is over-abundant.
Coffee is the main export of Guatemala. Gold and silver are found near the Montagua river, and salt near the Santa Rosa. Other minerals present to some extent are coal, lignite, manganese, lead, tin, cinnabar, copper, kaolin, opals, slate, alum, antimony, marble, alabaster, sulphur, ocré, asbestos, plumbago, chalk, and bitumen. The mineral area of the coastal ranges on the western frontier is largely unexploited.
Guatemala City is reputedly one of the cleanest cities in the entire Western Hemisphere, and is visited by thousands of tourists every year. The city's temperature usually varies from 63 to 72 degrees only, and the average rainfall is 53 inches yearly, most of it coming in the rainy season.
There are only six cities in Guatemala with a population more than 10 thousand. Guatemala City, the capital, is the largest with a population of 206 thousand. It is located in the plains area in the south central portion of the country.
Selectivity has been called the key to President Dwight D. Eisenhower's new military program. As long as they don't select us, it's all right.
LITTLE MAN ON CAMPUS by Dick Bibler
"Oh, its you, Professor Walkins, pardon me for not speaking, I thought you were just another student."