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University Daily Kansan Thursday, Feb. 25, 195
Anti-Communist Brazil An Asset to the West
The United States of Brazil is a strong force for democracy in South America and the western hemisphere. It's government has no sympathy for communism or the Russian government since it broke all relations with the USSR in October 1947.
In September 1946 the country adopted its fifth constitution and returned largely to a conservative type of government. Many details were copied from the United States Constitution.
The government is federated republican in form. The legislature is composed of a Chamber of Deputies and a federal Senate.
The president is elected by a universal ballot for a five-year term and may serve only one term although he may be reelected five years later. He has a cabinet of 10 men to help him.
Brazil has no well organized political parties representing any definite principles or program; they are loosely organized around a leader.
During World War II Brazil became active in world affairs, supplying raw materials to the Allies, loaning military bases to the United States, sending 50,000 troops to Italy, and following the war providing food for the starving people of Europe.
Brazil, discovered in 1500, gained independence from Portugal in 1882.
It was declared a Republic in 1889 and the many presidents that followed made some progress in developing this vast undeveloped country. In 1930, Julio Prestes was elected president. Getulio Vargas, president of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, protested and led a successful march on the capital.
Vargas governed as provisional president until his election in 1934. Following a coup d'etat in November 1937, he established a dictatorship as a corporate state.
When the war ended the people demanded an end of 15 years of dictatorship. Vargas' resignation was achieved by a bloodless revolution in October 1945.
Brazil needs more people to populate its territory and is trying to improve the poor living conditions of its present population. Its population is so distributed that there are four regions of relatively concentrated settlement in only 25 per cent of the territory. The remaining 75 per cent includes two regions of sparse population.
Social conditions are poor. There are only 77 people in Rio de Janeiro with incomes between $15,000 to $20,000. Middle class salaries are too low to provide a good diet and decent housing and clothing. The average income for the poor is $15.60 per month.
New social legislation has been adopted providing for health facilities and housing. There has been some resistance, though progress is being made. In 1946, 50 per cent of the population was still illiterate.
The government has been offering specialized courses in agriculture and industry in an attempt to educate the people in technical skills necessary to improve the country.
Progress in improving social conditions is being made but it is slow and outside help may be needed.
—Elizabeth Wohlgemuth
The roundballers down Manhattan way reminded us of puddy tats instead of Wildcats Wednesday night. With Prisock and Smith missing from the lineup, the purple pumas had no fangs or claws.
"How to Marry a Millionaire" is showing at a Lawrence theater this week. Most of the girls we know have been taking pencils and notebooks to this particular movie.
The Big Four, unable to agree on anything specific, finally decided to meet with Red China in a Big Five meeting. That should make the disagreement even more unanimous.
2. 28 POST HALL SYNDICATE :
The Reds might have received an even break in the Korean truce negotiations, but they can't begin to compete with us when it comes to morale builders—especially those in the form of Marilyn Monroe.
Chuck Morelock
And speaking of forms, there's nothing wrong with hers. Thousands of starving Gls have been testifying to that fact as shown by their wild demonstrations for the new "it" girl. One poor doggy almost was trampled to death when the word broke out that Joe's wife was about to put on a show in his camp.
We see where Marilyn's stunt of performing in freezing weather clad only in a conservative purple dress brought disaster. It seems she came down with a virus. We've had plenty of freedom martyrs in this country, but its doubtful any ever achieved fame in this manner.
The Editor Sez
Our men aren't starving in the normal sense of the word. They get plenty to eat. What they apparently lack—well, ask most any KU male, he has the same trouble.
Americans are indeed fortunate to have that fierce freedom fighter and defender of our sacred ideals, Charley, we mean, Joe McCarthy at work rooting out Reds by the dozens.
We always thought the fire-eating junior senator from Wisconsin was doing the United States a great service through his Senate investigating committee until he charged that the Boy Scouts were a mob of subversive young hoodlums. You can carry a good thing too far, and in Mac's case, that was the straw that broke the camel's back.
. . .
Since that time, we've been waiting for the good senator to put his grandmother on the stand. He investigates everyone else, and we can see no reason for a man in his position to play favorites.
Everybody's been raving about the rags-to-riches band of Colorado players, but take a look at the roundballers' home towns and you can see there's a method behind their athletic madness.
The Buffs have a few—very few-native boys on the squad. The majority, however, come from that talent-rich territory of Indiana and Illinois. With the exception of our own Kansas, you just can't find better high school material, anywhere. Thus, its not surprising the Rocky Mountain outfit is pushing the Jayhawkers for first place.
If this balmy weather doesn't end, the University will have to enlarge the playground around Potter lake. Maybe this is a misleading term, but it's a cinch students don't go there on Saturday nights to study.
ThoughtfortheDay ReligiousEmphasisWeek
*—Kahlil Gibran
"Work is love made visible."*
UNIVERSITY
Daily Hansan
LITTLE MAN ON CAMPUS by Dick Bibler
University of Kansas Student Newspaper News Room KU 251 Ad Room KU 376 Member of the Kansas Press Assn., as Manager of the Association Assn., Associated College Press Assn. Represented by the National Advertising Service, 420 Madison Avenue, N.Y. City, NY. Published a yearly book $4.50 a year (add $1 a semester if in Lawrence). Published in Lawrence, Kan., every afternoon during the University of Kansas university holidays and examination periods. Entered second class matter Sept. 17, 1910 atLawrence, Kan., Post Office under act
NEWS STAFF
Come One, Come All Policy Ended With McCarran Act
The new law (co-authored by Rep. Francis E. Walter (D.-Pa.) and Sen. Pat McCarran (D.-Nev.)) tied up loose confounding immigration policies into one law that said unmistakably that the U.S. doesn't feel it can any longer afford unrestricted immigration.
In 1924, the wide-open doors of the United States began to creak shut, and the passage of the McCarran-Walter immigration act in 1952 told the world that our "come one, come all" policy was a thing of the past.
We now allow immigration on a quota basis. Certain nationalities are allowed to enter each year in set numbers. The quotas are based on the number of persons of each nationionality in the U.S. in 1920. Thus, if the quotas are filled each year, our country should show little change in the mixture of its component nationalities.
The question raised by the attackers of the McCarran-Walker act, though, is this: are we justified in demanding that the 1920 mixture be maintained forever? They point out that almost every person in this country is an immigrant or a descendant of an immigrant, and that it is presumptuous of the early arrivals to bar the entrance of some who arrive late.
This charge is met by the supporters of the quota system. They say that the U.S. is no longer a pioneer territory. It is becoming crowded, there are no longer unlimited opportunities here, and many of the countries from which we receive immigrants are in one way or another our enemies. If these things are true, they say, can we afford to be as hospitable as we have been?
Since its adoption, the McCarran-Walter act has been the center of one big fight. It is constantly condemned by church groups, minority groups in this country, and the people in many lands throughout the world.
On the other hand, it has the backing of most government offices. Rep. Walter has said that during the nearly five years of its drafting, the bill was examined by thousands of persons and agencies, and that since its passage few persons in government will speak out against it.
During the battle for passage, President Harry Truman vowed it, but his veto was over-ridden, in the Senate by 57 to 26.
One aspect of the law which antagonizes many persons is its pre-occupation with selectivity. Persons are to be admitted before others on the same quota if they possess a skill which is in demand at the time of their entrance. After the skilled workers, the next to be welcomed will be those who have relatives here, and after them come the other
immigrants, whose status doesn't entitle them to consideration in the other two categories.
This policy contradicts the old one of acceptance on the basis of time or application. In the countries where the desire to come here was greater than the quota permitted, those who were selected were those who had been on the waiting list the longest.
Another point of controversy is that the law refuses admittance to persons believed to be poor security risks. This is supposedly an attempt to stem the growth of communism, but critics insist that proper functioning of the law on this matter is almost impossible, and that more harm than good will be done.
Tom Stewart
It is both fitting and proper that the Sour Owl be distributed during Religious Emphasis week. That's like saying Esquire magazine should be placed in the pew backs instead of hymnals.
We've often wondered—is the Quack club a swimming organization or an outfit comprised of the doctors at Watkins hospital?
Short Ones
We heat the NROTC boys will be wearing new uniforms one of these days. The order of the day soon will be: dress blues and tennis shoes,