FRIDAY, MAY 4, 1951
UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN, LAWRENCE. KANSAS
PAGE NINE
Mao's 'Private Sanctuary' Is Criss-Crossed With Runways
Washington, D.C. (U.P.)—What lies behind North Korea's border to Manchuria, along which U.S. and Red planes have been clashing in the biggest jet battles of aviation history?
From the borders of Soviet Siberia southwest in a mighty arc across Manchuria and around the Yellow Sea lie more major airfields than in all the rest of China put together.
Mao Tse-tung's so-called "privileged sanctuary" is criss-crosssee with runways laid down by Japan's Kwantung Army in long years when the banners of the Rising Sun floated over puppet Manchukuo. What condition these fields might be in to receive a reported 3,000-plane build-up of Chinese air power is uncertain. But for months indications have come from Korea that Red China is hard at work improving such bases and building new airfields in Manchuria. Events have made plain that at least some of these installations are operational for iet aircraft.
North Korea's airfields—what few the Japanese built among the tumbled mountains—have been pounded by United Nations planes since the Korean fighting began.
North of the ridges which pile to 8,000-foot peaks along the Manchurian border, however, is the flat, broad valley of the Sungari river, one of the richest agricultural areas on earth, rising gradually to the treeless plateau of western Manchuria.
Westward across the Yellow Sea from Korea and south of China's Great Wall stretches another plain along the East China coast, through which wander the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. There, too, the Shantung peninsula points like an outstretched tongue straight at Korea, closer to Seoul than any U.S. airfield in Japan.
At the end of World War II, there were more than 40 military airfields in Manchuria alone. Eleven were classed as medium bomber bases, 13 were suitable for fighters, 17 more were unclassified. The north coastal plain of China had 22 military air bases, including two capable of handling heavy bombers.
Shenyang, or Mukden, ancient capital of the Manchu lords, has five wartime fighter airfields and one bomber base surrounding it like a gauntlet. To the northeast, Pinkiang (Harbin) has four airfields, Antung, at the mouth of the Yalu, and
Sinuiju across the river inside North Korea, have twin airfields, Changchun, Mutankiang, Linkow, Tungliao and Kailu are other Manchurian cities with air installations within 500 miles of the 38th parallel.
To the southwest, inland from the Gulf of Liaotung, are air bases at Anshan, Chengteh and Chihfeng, as well as many fields along the shore. On Liaotung peninsula, 300 miles from Seoul, are the Russian-controlled cities of Dairen and Port Arthur, both with military airfields.
Encircling northern Manchuria, Russia proper has a chain of ten or more major airfields from Chita to Vladivostok. Less than 100 miles from the North Korean border, Vladivostok has hangers and repair shops hollowed into the hills which guard its airfields.
Marvin To Present Awards In Denver
Burton W. Marvin, dean of the William Allen White School of Journalism and Public Information, will be the guest of the Denver Press club Saturday and Sunday.
He will present the awards to the winners of the annual daily newspaper and radio contest sponsored by the club.
Journalism school faculty members who helped judge the contest entries were: Dean Marvin; Frances Grinstead, assistant professor of journalism; Elmer Beth, professor of journalism, and Burton Meyers, instructor of journalism.
Other judges from the University were Robert Rose, photographer and Edwin Browne, graduate student and former director of public relations at the University.
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Home Economics Professor
To Attend Defense Meeting
Miss Edna Hill, professor of home economics, will attend a civilian defense conference in Washington, D.C., Monday, May 7, and Tuesday, May 8.
Pres. Harry S. Truman, Gen George C. Marshall, Gov. Earl Warren of California, and other defense officials will discuss the civilian defense program and its problems.
Miss Hill is one of five representatives from the American Home Economics association attending the conference.
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