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UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN, LAWRENCE, KANSAS
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 18, 1950
Astronomers Design System For Star Measurement
Mt. Hamilton, Calif.-(U.P.)—Astronomers at the University of California's Lick observatory have designed a down-to-earth system for increasing the accuracy of star measurements.
Dr. Joel Stebbins and his associate astronomer, Dr. Gerald Kron, literally bring the stars down to earth by making telescopic observations of official stars packed adjacent feet away, 1,000 to 3,000 feet away.
The technique was developed to meet a need for greater precision in measuring the distances of the fainter stars. Such stars are now being studied for the first time by the 200-inch Palomar telescope.
For the artificial star the scientists are using a lamp with a tungsten filament which has a temperature of about 2,500 degrees absolute centigrade. The lamp is placed in a box which has a small hole permitting observers to see just a part of the light.
When a telescope is trained on it, observers will see an artificial star with the magnitude approx. 10, and their telescopes such as Arcturus and Bettelgreues,
The lamp technique will perfect the system of determining the colors of stars. This system of measurements is extremely important in astronomy, for it forms the basis for determining the magnitude, or brightness, of stars and therefore their distances from the earth.
It works like this. The absolute magnitude of a star is determined by its color. The color is in turn determined by its temperature. The brightest stars are blue, the next brightest are white, and the faintest are red.
Dr. Stebbins has sent his lamp to the U. S. Bureau of Standards for a precise temperature calibration. When it is returned, he will begin his precision measurements. He will determine the exact place of the artificial star in the spectrum.
When the spectrum of a real star matches that of the artificial star, astronomers will be able to say it has the same temperature. Knowing just how hot the star is, they will know how much light it is giving off. When they determine how much light is being received they will be able to tell how much light has been lost on the way.
Thus the distance to the earth can be determined. For it is well known how much light is lost over a given distance through the universe.
With the lamp as a starting point, Dr. Stebbins and others will be able to make a scale for stars of all tem- peratures. Then it will be possible to calculate stellar distances with greater precision.
Development of the new system of star measurement is sponsored by the naval research and is assisted by the American Philosophical society.
Dr. Stebbins recently retired from his post as director of the University of Wisconsin's Washburn observatory. He is the founder of photoelectric photometry, a method of astronomical observation using the photocell.
Police Catch Shoplifter Who Has Buying Power
Spokane, Wash.—(U.P.)—It was just a routine shoplifting case to police when they arrested Michele Pignelli, 83. He was accused of stealing two "70-cent pipes in a drug store.
But the police raised their eyebrows slightly when a search of Pignelli disclosed a purse containing $49.97. They searched a little farther and found an envelope tied with a string to the elderly man's ankle. Inside was $570.
Read the Daily Kansan daily.
Veteran Groups Protest Benefits
Washington — (U.P.) - The four major U. S. veterans organizations told congress today that the Hoover commission's recommendations on veterans' benefits "would mean more grief for the veterans and more cost for the taxpayer."
In a joint statement prepared for the house veterans committee, the organizations urged congress to reject the commission's proposals "as unjust and ill-advised."
On the basis of "exhaustive study" of the veterans section, they said, "we are convinced that the recommendations contained therein would lead to neither economy nor efficiency."
The four organizations are the American Legion, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, the Disabled American Veterans and AMVETS (American Veterans of World War II).
They told the committee they oppose specifically the commission's proposal that:
1. Veterans hospitals be removed from the jurisdiction of the veterans administration and placed with all other government health services under the control of a united medical administration.
2. The veterans insurance program, now in the hands of the V.A., be lodged in a new government corporation.
3. The G.I. home loans, now administered by the V.A., be placed under the control of another government lending agency.
4. The veterans right to preference in government hiring policies be abolished.
"If carried into effect," the organizations said, "these recommendations would disrupt the Veterans Administration, a one-stop service agency, and replace it with new bureaus which would mean more grief for the veteran and more cost for the taxpayer."
13 In AROTC To Get Commissions
Thirteen air force R. O. T. C. students at the University will receive reserve air force commissions this week, Lt. Col. Lynn R. Moore, professor of air science and tactics, said today.
Successfully completing the requirments of the eight-semester program, the student will receive course credit to lieutenants in the air force reserve
The students are: Robert N. Bolitho, journalism senior; Charles E. Dutton, William E. Ellis, Jr., Roy Gene Haskins, Marvin E. Latimer, and Leland S. Weckbaugh, engineering seniors; James F. Hastings, Walter R. Stockebrand, Dean R. Storkech, Frank W. Martin, and Phillip G. Williams, business seniors; Frank A. Limbrocker, College senior; and James R. Williams, special business student.
Eli Whitney patented the cotton gin before he was thirty.
European Aid To Be Costly Officials Report
Washington — (U.P.)—U.S. officials have acknowledged that Western Europe will not get the security it wants under the one-billion-dollar arms aid program.
Although Atlantic pact partners would get weapons that once cost one million dollars, officials said the still low prices be able to fortall a possible invasion.
Asked how long it would take to rearm them "adequately," one official said:
American officials once again have postponed the target date for startling the arms moving aboard because they believe the mission will be over the "strings" on the U.S. gift.
"If next year's program were three or four times as big as this year's, the time would be much shorter."
When congress first appropriated the funds, it had been hoped to get the shipments moving about Dec. 1. Now the best American estimate is that the first weapons will leave late in February.
Most of the delay has been caused by the dispute between U.S. and British officials over terms on which the arms will be sent, U.S. officials say this dispute is about over and that pacts between the United States and each of the nations getting arm will be completed in about a week.
President Truman also must approve the over-all defense plans drafted by the Atlantic pact countries before freeing the full one-billion-dollar fund provided by congress.
Under the plan, vast amounts of "excess" U.S. army equipment will be sent to Europe, with the military assistance program being billed only for the handling costs. Thus the one billion dollars which congress appropriated will be nearly doubled in terms of actual weapons.
Man Is Back Seat Driver,
But Not Of His Desire
Nick Defazio played the game by himself. His car rammed into the back of another so hard that his seat was shoved into the back of his car
Duluth, Minn.—(U.P.)-Ordinarily it takes two persons to play the game of back seat driver, one to drive the car and one to instruct.
The cars hooked bumpers and continued traveling together for a block with Mr. Defazio sitting helpless in the rear.
Finally, the Defazio car broke loose, struck a ditch, overturned and caught fire. Mr. Defazio was hospitalized with a broken nose and cuts.
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Holyoke, Mass. U (J.P)A new process to make newsprint from the residue of sugar cane will get its first test, Saturday, Jan. 28, at the Chemical Paper Manufacturing company here.
Sugar Cane Residue Will Be Used To Make Newsprint
The process was perfected by the Kinsley Chemical company of Cleveland, Ohio, and the Fibrocel company of Argentina. Joseph G. Weimar arranged the test for the two firms.
Mr. Weimar said the developers of it were "confident" it will be successful but pointed out the new bagasse newsprint will not be a substitute for wood plup newsprint. The sugar cane residue is called bagasse, he said.
Mr. Weimar said the developers $ ^{♦} $
"Our aim is to produce a paper economically for countries without wood pulp resources approximating newsprint as nearly as possible," Mr. Weimar said. "It cannot be produced more cheaply and our sole goal is to provide dollar short countries with newsprint of national manufacture."
Mr. Weimar said all the necessary capital has been raised in Argentina for the Fibracel firm to produce bagasse newsprint there in a new mill at Rosario. Still lacking, however, is permission of the Argentina ministry of industry and commerce who must approve the purchase of machinery.
The Feurto Rico Industrial Development company, in addition to offical Argentine and Peurto Rican missions, is assisting in the test here. he said.
A trial run with unbleached bagasse newspaper has already been held, Mr. Weimar said, and the results 'were satisfactory. In the rest Saturday, Jan. 28, a special edition of a newspaper will be run off to test resistance to press velocity, printing quality, and general handling characteristics.
Mr. Weimar said the preliminary test showed that bagasse newspaper was of a grade close to book paper. It has same color as woodpulp newspaper
During the war, the United States government conducted research on the possibility of manufacturing newsprint from sugar cane residue but failed to solve the problem. E.R. Timlowski and H. L. Kinsley, of the Cleveland firm, took up where government experiments ended and perfected the process, Mr. Weimar said.
The 1928 Olympic games were the first to include women's athletics.
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