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UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN, LAWRENCE, KANSAS
TUESDAY. JANUARY 3, 1964
Truman To Give Three Messages In Next Six Days
Washington, Jan. 3 — (U.R.) The Democratic 81st congress meets in second session at noon (E.S.T.) today under double threat of a filibuster and with the administration on the defensive on spending and foreign policy.
The session will be a warm-up for the 1950 congressional elections campaign. It will test Republican ability to organize effective opposition to President Truman's big spending "fair deal" program.
His opponents, including some notable Democrats, object that Mr. Truman's free hand with public money will bankrupt the republic. Republicans and a few Democratic leaders have tried to folk believe the tax and spending issues are getting hot around the country.
Just around the corner for sure is the senate Southerners' filibuster against a bill to create a federal fair employment practices commission.
The president will fire three annual messages at congress within the next six days.
The senate Republican policy committee was summoned to meet at 10 a.m. today preliminary to a meeting of all senate Republicans after today's opening session. Democrat Hillary Clinton ranged a mid-morning conference with Mr. Truman at the White House.
Bristling statements from house and senate members returning from holiday vacations foreshadowed one of the angriest sessions of recent years.
No major business is scheduled until Wednesday when Mr. Truman will deliver to a joint session of both houses another "fair deal" annual message on the state of the union.
Among the issues which will be carried directly into the 1950 congressional campaign are repeal of the Taft-Hartley act, the Brannan Farm plan and Mr. Truman's $6,500,000,000-a-year medical insurance program. But Congress may amend the past session's farm bill to meet urgent objections from cotton states.
Mr. Truman will send his annual economic report to congress Jan. 6 and his annual budget message on Jan. 9. There may be in addition early special message asking for reduction or repeal of some excise taxes. They are sales taxes on such items as transportation, communications, jewelry, furs, baby oils, and cosmetics.
Professors Choose Top Men For First Half Of 20th Century
Adolph Hitler led the nominees as the "man of the half century" in a survey of eight University faculty members. Hitler was mentioned three times, followed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Nikolay Lenin, and Mohandas K. Gandhi who received two nominations each.
Three faculty members named three "men of the half century" while five nominated one apiece. They were chosen on the basis of their influence, good or bad, upon the economic and social history of the world since 1900.
D. M. Swarthout, dean of the School of Fine Arts, picked Adolf Hitler as the man who has had the greatest impact on the history of the first half of the 20th century.
"You can think of four or five men off hand but it is difficult to evaluate their significance so quickly. Hitler, who came at a time when the people were "ripe" for it, fomented a growing disrespect for individuals. This philosophy was a major cause of the war. Since then Hitler has been more ignorant, and intolerance have been sown increasingly. Hitler fertilized the ground for the present communistic movement."
Reinhold Schmidt, associate professor of voice, also chose the German leader in the 20's and early 30s to lead him again, with a significant impact on the history of 1900-50.
"Lenin, undoubtedly, is the most influential person in the past half century, because it was this Russian, by his shrewdness and persistence, who established the Soviet system.
"Hitler completely changed the whole political attitude of the West-ern world. Now in our effort to rid the world of the things he stood for, we are coming closer to the "police" or "welfare" state he proposed."
Dr. John Ise, professor of economics, picked Nikolay Lenin, founder of the Soviet government, as the man having the greatest impact on history in the past 50 years.
"Communism in Russia was, in a large measure, the cause of fascism in Italy. The event of Russian communism led conservative forces all over the world to favor fascism, which was dedicated to the elimination of communism.
"However, we might look back 50 years from now and say that Albert Einstein was vastly more influential, depending on the course of world events, because he laid the foundation for atomic energy."
W. H. Shoemaker, chairman of the department of Romance languages, chose Franklin D. Roosevelt as the outstanding man during the first 50 years of this century.
"Franklin D. Roosevelt was the most dominant personality for over a dozen years in one of the great nations of the world, the one which has become unquestionably the most important factor in shaping the fate of the people of the world for generations to come. As a social idealist and a political manipulator he was without equal, if not in each singly, certainly in the combination."
Burton W. Marvin, dean of the William Allen White School of Journalism and Public Information, named Henry Ford. However, he was reluctant to say that any one man had the most impact.
"As the man basically responsible for assembly line methods as we know them today, Ford influenced the lives of nearly everyone in the world. Because of the assembly line, America today holds the position as the No.1 world power and that certainly affects the entire world population. Ford's assembly line methods have had great industrial, economical, and therefore political effects."
F. J. Moreau, dean of the School of Law, named Adolph Hitler, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill as the leaders of 1900-1950.
"Hitler disrupted the first half of the century. He threw the whole European and Asiatic world into turmoil by picking off one and then another of the small countries of Europe.
"Churchill and Roosevelt were rallying points for the forces of democracy at a crucial time."
Dr. W. E. Sandelius, professor of political science said that "political figures dominate this century more than the great thinkers who dominated the past century." It would be difficult to place them in order according to their significance.
"Sun Yat-sen, organizer and leader of the Chinese revolution in 1911, lead the awakening of the East.
"Nikolay Lenin organized and lead the Russian revolution, the effect of which has been at least as great as that of the French revolution.
"Mohandas K. Gandhi awakened and united India under political and spiritual leadership which has had undable influence outside of India."
"Woodrow Wilson was the greatest driving force in spearheading a world order.
"I would not attempt to place others in order according to their significance but surely Wilson should be high on the list."
"I have listed Sun yat-sen, Lenin, and Gandhi-first in that order because they were the great originators, organizers, and executors."
Dr. Calvin Vander Werf, professor of chemistry said that "the men of the half-century were Dr. Albert Einstein, Mohandas Gandhi, and Dr. Albert Schweitzer. Einstein laid the early theoretical foundations for the harnessing of nuclear energy, a development which places the issue of the glorious survival or the early doom of civilization squarely in man's hands. Certainly the road to survival does not lie in brute force and self-aggrandizement. Gandhi has demonstrated a successful alternative to brute force in world politics and Schweitzer, the alternative to self-aggrandizement in personal living."
Mine Workers Go On Strike In Illinois
Springfield, Ill., Jan. 3—(U.P.) Most of the United Mine workers in Illinois went on strike today and large groups of Indiana miners joined them in the walkout.
John L. Lewis himself was on hand as the miners took the strike action despite the fact that brother unionists in other parts of the country went to work, apparently on the two-day work week that prevailed last week. The strike apparently was general at most of the mines in Illinois which embraces district 12 of the United Mine workers.
In addition, 300 miners walked off the job at the Viking mine near Terre Haute, Ind., shortly after they reported for work. The action indicated that at least some of the 8,500 M.W. members of the terrestrial mining fields were joining the strike. They are members of U.M.W. district 11.
The fact that the strike was limited to Illinois and Indiana indicated that Mr. Lewis and the U.M.W. might be acting in retaliation to the nine owners of those two states for refusing last November to reach a "separate peace" with him.
Indications were that all but about 2,500 of the United Mine workers' members in Illinois had walked out on strike. The situation was more confused in Indiana although a spot check indicated that most mines were working, including the big strip pits in the Linton, Ind., area.
Mr. Lewis attempted to drive a wedge between the Illinois-Indiana owners and the remainder of the nation's soft coal industry while his men were on strike last fall. When the "divide and conquer" strategy failed, he ordered his miners back to work.
Most of the 6,000 United Mine workers in the Springfield-Taylor-area are shown up at the Peaboosh co. barn from the water from their lunch pails in the traditional strike signal and returned to their homes.
Senate majority leader Scott W. Lucas, (D.-Ill.) announced after a policy conference that the senate would begin consideration tomorrow of repeal of special taxes on beer and dairy. Dairy states senators fear tax-free oleo would price butter off food store shelves.
Photo by Edward Chapin
No animosity between neighboring foreigners in this country, (left to right) Nehemiah Kronenberg, third year law student from Palestine, Colonel Afsharpur, army officer from Iran; Younis Dabbagh, engineering junior from Iraq; and Major Enginsoy, army officer from Turkey, clasp hands to signify their friendship. This picture was taken at the reception of foreign University students and army officers at Ft. Leavenworth Dec. 17.
'Rushing Is MeetingTopic
Summer rushing will be discussed Jan. 10 at a luncheon given by the Kansas City, Mo., Alumnae association. Miss Margaret Habein, dean of women, and Patricia Glover, Panhellenic rush committee chairman, will attend the luncheon. The deans of women and Panhellenic representatives from the University of Missouri and Kansas State college have also been invited.
St. Paul, Minn. — (U,P)— Burglaries who raided the T. W. Basta bakery here were determined to get at least something. They removed a storm window, opened the inside window and then found that a large refrigerator still blocked their entrance. They made off with the storm window.
The continuance of serenades will be discussed by a joint committee from the Panhellenic and Interfraternity councils. The latter group has recommended that serenades in their present form be discontinued.
A violation of Panhellenic rushing rules has resulted in a penalty requiring members of Pi Beta Phi, social sorority, to be in one-half hour before closing time each night between Jan. 3 and Jan. 17.
Oh Well, It Was Something
Listeners Like Quiz Shows
Minneapolis, Minn. — (U,P) — Minnesotaans think that radio give-away shows should be permitted to continue "just as they are," according to a survey made by the Minneapolis Sunday Tribune. The poll said that more than three-fifths of the Minnesotaans who do any listening to give-away programs consider them interesting.
Call K.U. 251 With Your News.
Washington—(U.P.)—"Whale oil for the lips of milady" could be the slogan of the 1949 whaling fleet now sailing to the Antarctic. Modern technology has found new uses for whale oil which lighted the lamps of the world a century or more ago.
Today the well-boiled extract of whale blubber may wind up in a tube of lipstick or a bottle of vitamin pills. It may be used in the manufacture of a host of other products, such as margarine, soap, or machine oil.
Whale Blubber Ends Up In Lipstick, Vitamin Pills
First introduced in the 1920s, these ships carry tons of machinery and usually have such up-to-date equipment as radar and deep sea sounding devices.
The new by-products of whale oil point up the streamlining and deglamorizing that has taken place in the old Yankee whaling enterprise. In early days an immense flotilla of high-masted whalers used to put out from Nantucket, and "thar she blows" was the cry of the chase.
In the last half century the industry has become mechanized to the point where the whale just doesn't have a chance. Back in the days when men took to the longboats and rowed off in pursuit of the big mammal, it was not unusual for a whaler to be on the hunt for three years before it had filled the holds with barrels of whale oil. Nowadays, an expedition is only a few month's duration, with a final catch per ship far surpassing that of sailing days.
Flagship of the modern fleet is the large floating factory vessel, where the valuable whale oil is extracted, the meat cut up, and important by-products prepared.
For whale-catchers, the expedition has smaller craft, about the size of trawlers. Manned by crews of 15 to 25 men, these "killer boats" fire the harpoons and tow the captured
whales back to the factory ship, to be hauled aboard and processed.
The modern age of whaling began about 1860, when Svend Foyn, a Norwegian, devised the harpoon firing cannon.
As long as the weapon was thrown by a harponer poised in the bow of the whaleboat, the catch was confined to the smaller, slow-moving species of whales, known as sperm whales and right whales.
The pursuit of the fin whale in the south polar regions, however, is a recent development according to the National Geographic society. Not until 1904 was the first land station opened there on South Georgia Island, some 800 miles southeast of the Falkland group.
With Foyn's invention, it was possible to hunt speedy and larger species, particularly the big fin whale, now found only in Antarctic waters;
But today the waters south of 40 degrees south latitude are the world's last remaining whaling grounds of major commercial importance.
Four KU Women To Debate
At McPherson Saturday
Four women students will represent the University in an invitational debate tournament Saturday at McPherson college.
They are Betty Whaley, education junior; Elizabeth Dillon, College junior; Mary Lou Lane, edu. professor; Sally Garlan, College sophomore.
The two teams will debate rounds each.