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UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN, LAWRENCE, KANSAS
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 30, 1938
Comment
Cheaper Electricity Policy Wins
Why was Dr. Arthur Morgan fired?
Between 1920 and 1930 six million agricultural workers moved to the cities. Where 180 men out of a thousand were employed on the farm, the number shrank to 88. At first absorbing the surplus labor, industry soon became super saturated.
For relief, the natural course was to herd a portion of the population back to the rural community. Here costs of living are less and establishment of independence from relief agencies, charity, and the fear of loss of jobs is simpler.
Factories budded to cities, regardless of higher taxation, labor costs, and remoteness from raw materials, because of the accessibility of electric power. Provision of cheap power appears as the first essential for reviving prosperity in the small community and decentralizing industry. In Washington, for instance, rates at $2\%$ cents per kilowatt hour soid the residential customer 1.840 kilowatt hours a year while the high rate of $5\frac{1}{2}$ cents per kilowatt hour in New York City sold only 550 kilowatt hours. Districts selling cheaper electricity demonstrate more even distribution and high usage.
Utility companies, nevertheless, maintained that "the high usage brought lower rates and that the rest of the divergence was inevitable." TVA's astounding growth and cheap production of power disproved them. Farmers did not burn the poles of power companies" spite lines" because they did not want electricity. Citizens of Chatanooga did not organize in combating a power-pool plan that would sacrifice the TVA rate schedule, to bar cheap electrical power. And during the drought of 1936 when stranded power companies purchased electricity from the TVA it proved that efficient development of a region's resources depended not only on "the integrated development of a whole region but also on the co-ordination of stream control and other conservation methods, with basic program of power production."
Out of this grew the dispute between Dr. Arthur Morgan and Lilienthal. Morgan assumed his task was to create a new way of life in the valley by instituting a simple handicraft economy. Lilienthal desired to give them cheaper electricity, to revive prosperity in the rural community, to decentralize industry.
The idea of government competition ran counter to Morgan's philosophy of the purposes of the TVA. He desired to confine the activities to a given area, comparing it with the rate schedule of power companies in a neighboring district, but setting up a true "yardstick." But a former contract, between the TVA and the power companies setting up comparative areas, had been violated by the companies' erecting "spite lines" in TVA territory.
To carry out the government's program to decentralize industry and increase use of current on farms and villages, low rates were vital. Lilienthal fought for cheaper rates rather than a handicraft economy or establishment of comparative rate areas.
Fewer Schools But Better
The consolidation of school districts in Kansas is necessary to provide the state with a more efficient and economic school system.
So, Doctor Morgan was fired.
These returns clearly indicate the need for consolidation. Out of 8,662 organized school districts in the state, 8,040 were in operation last year. The school census revealed 241 districts with none to five potential pupils who are from 5 to 21 years old, 840 with six to ten, 1,037 with 11 to 14, and 1,441 with 15 to 19 pupils.
This is the conclusion that W. T Markham, state superintendent of public instruction, reached after checking the returns from the school districts as shown by the records of the last school year.
But that is only part of the story. "The enrollment table shows more than 3,000 districts which do not have an actual school enrollment or more than 12 pupils," according to a statement made by Mr. Markham. Several hundred districts have an enrollment of less than five pupils.
One school district has a census of six pupils and an actual enrollment of one pupil. The yearly expense for educational facilities for this one pupil amounts to $541.23. This is not the only case of exceptionally high cost per pupil—there are hundreds of others.
"When we have an enrollment of 40 to about 50 pupils in a school and an average attendance of 30 or more the cost goes down to as low as $1.64 a month per pupil enrolled," states Mr. Markham.
Mr. Markham adds, "Consolidations would
save millions every year and in addition would enable the consolidated or jointly operated schools to provide better facilities and better teachers."
Consolidation is a step toward improving our school system without any added expenditure.
No Help From Alliances
Pleading for a policy of isolation, Senator Borah stated that we cannot hope to stay out of trouble by making alliances with other countries.
"The theory that you can save democracy through an alliance with democracy is misleading." Senator Borah explained. "Such an alliance would have all the vices and none of the virtues of the old balance of power. It would be potent enough to get us into all kinds of involvements but not strong enough to get us out, for when the crucial test came the question of democracy would give way to national interests."
Senator Borah leans, perhaps, too much to the side of isolation. He fought against the entrance of the United States into the League of Nations. But in spite of his fears of foreign entanglements, there is a lot of wise counsel in his words and it may be well for us to pay attention to him. His policy—preservation of democracy should begin at home—seems sound and reasonable. He has his own country's welfare at heart.
His remedy for the "inwardly bleeding democracies" is not to be found in armaments, "but in bringing contentment, happiness and prosperity to the harried, confused, and discouraged citizen."
To the best of our ability, let us strive for the preservation and welfare of democracy.
"Thirty years have gone by since the German wizard, Wassermann, devised his delicate blood test. It could spot the trouble in victims who showed no outward sign that they were infected. Twenty-seven years ago Paul Ehrlich cooked up a chemical, called "606," or salvarsan — a chemical that, injected into a syphilis victim quickly made him unable to give his sickness to healthy people," Dr. Thomas Parran, surgeon general of United States Public Health service, writing in Ladies Home Journal.
Official University Bulletin
Notice due at Chancellor's Office at 3 p.m., preceiling regular publication day and 11:00 a.m. on Monday, March 28th.
Vol. 35 Wednesday, March 30, 1938 No. 125
Hungerford Writes About Insects in Graduate Magazine
COSMOPOLITAN CLUB: The Cosmogolfian Club will have a hike Saturday, April 2. Meet in front of the Union building at 4 p.m. Bring 15 cents. Anyone interested in going please notify Ruth Yeomans, 2377M, by Friday noon.
SPANISH CLUB: El Atencio will meet this Thursday at 3:30 in 113 Frank strong hall. Professor Karl Matter will give an illustrated lecture on Spanish literature. At the event, the public is invited—Karl Ruppenthal, President.
University Daily Kansan
Official Student Paper of
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
LAWRENCE, KANSAN
DAVID E. PARTRIDGE
One of my early childhood frights was an article in which insects were pictured larger than men, symbolic of the eventual insect conquest of the world, which was predicted. It was months before I could forget it.
PUBLISHER
EDITOR-IN-CHEF
ADGENT ECONOMIST MARTIN BENTON and DAVID WINGSTONE
FOR TOM A. ELLIER
I have that same feeling, tempered by a trifle more interest and understanding, when I read "Insects in the Affairs of Men," an article by H. B. Hungerford, professor of entomology, published in the February issue of the Graduate Magazine.
Editorial Staff
By Muriel Mykland, c.29
MANAGING EDITOR          MARVIN GOEREL
CAMPUS EDITOR         BILL TYLER AND GEORGE CLASEN
SUNDAY EDITOR         JANE FLOOD
NEWS EDITOR           BILL FITZGERALD
SOCIETY EDITOR        DROTHY NEITHERMETH
SWEEP EDITOR         NEW TELEVISION
MAKEUP EDITOR        JEAN THOMAS AND MARK HAYL
REWRITE EDITOR        DICK MARTIN
TELEGRAPH EDITOR     HARRIEL HALL
News Staff
Professor Hungerford's article is an interesting one for the layman whose knowledge of insects would hardly stand investigation, and it is written in an easy, readable style. A wealth of information about insects in general is economically condensed in this short article.
Tells of Insects' Antiquity
Just as the dinosaurs and large flying reptiles have given away to smaller animals, so have these large animals been outlived by the smaller varieties.
Kansan Board Members
J. HOWARD RUSC
DAVID E. PATRISBROK
KEITH MOREL
GRACE VALENTINE
F. QUENTIN BROWN
WILLIAM FITZGIRLAND
LEON M. LACQUELLE
ALICE HALDMAN-JULIUS
MARTIN BENTON
MARVIN GOBELB
JANE FLOODE
MOREN FLOOMBE
ELTON E.CARTHER
ALAN ASHER
TOM A. FELLIS
He launches his subject with the startling information that insects have been with us, (or before us) the incomprehensible time of 270,000,000 years ago. That age one might call the "olden age of infestation" is a somewhat some of which sported wing spreads of more than two feet.
"Insects are nature's most successful model of animal form in the world, for they have survived cataclysm after cataclysm in the world's history," says Professor Hungerford. Then he proceeds to make the astounding statement that "three-fourths of all the animal kinds are insects." They cover a range from earth-burrowers to those which fly as high as three miles above the earth.
.937 Member 1938
Associated Collegiate Press
Distributor of
Collegiate Digest
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"Insects have persisted in countless numbers from ancient times to the present day because nature has provided their bodies with the most perfect assemblage of structural parts and physiological equipment of
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Insects in Every Land
Professor Hungerford goes on to discuss the physical build of insects. Incidentally, insects are distinguished by the fact that they have six legs, three up, three down, which gives them the most stable equilibrium in their environment. "They have covered every land of the earth, and have solved the problem of adjustment in all sorts of adverse conditions."
One fact which everyone knows is that insects produce unbelievable large families. However, Professor Hungerford reassuringly put to rest my childhood fears about the outcome of the man's-insect conflict by stating that insects that are pitted against insects, they would be beyond man's control."
He points out the untold economic losses due to the destructive propensity of insects, and then to balance that, the many useful services that some perform for man weed control, pollination of immunological value to us as sources of food, drugs, rubber, raven, and flowers.
He closes his discussion by noting the powerful factor which insects are in nature, and predicts that when the present period of the earth history, "the age of man," will pass (from man's own folly or a cataclysm), the insects will still persist for millions of years.
World War Figure Dies
New York, March 29—(UP)—Col. Edward House, one of the men behind the scenes of American participation in the World War, died in his sleep today as the world contemplated a Europe comparable in several respects to that which confronts the second administration of Woodrow Wilson, who for a time regarded House as his other self.
Colonel House had been ill of neurasia and pleurisy and wounds
Colonel House had been ill of neuritis and pleurisy and would have been 80 years old July 26.
Y.W.C.A. Cabinet Holds Last Meeting Tomorrow Afternoon
The present Y.W.C.A. cabinet with
hold its last meeting at Henley
house tomorrow afternoon at 4:30
o'clock. Eleanor Slaten, c38, willp preside.
the new cabinet will take office at an installation banquet at Evans's Hearth Thursday, April 7, at 4:30.
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The University Daily Kansan
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