8
Monday, December 11, 1972
University Daily Kansan
" I HEAR WERE GETTING A CHESS PLAYER "
Spitz Tops All in Sports
By MIKE DONNELLY STEVE STRAS
and KENT PULLIAM
Anytime the entire world watches an event it must, of necessity, be termed one of the important events of the year. The 1972 Olympics was the largest sporting attraction of the year. From the initial pressures of banning Rhodesia to the final lowering of the flag, the entire world watched what happened.
For the first time in history, the camaraderie of the games was shattered when Arab terrorists, the Black September group, invaded the Olympic Village and all Israel team members. The Games were historic. All Israeli sports performances occurred.
The greatest single performance was turned in by a young American swimmer, Mark Spitz. En route to his 34th world record, Sptz won seven gold medals, to set the record for most wins of the entire world, and lost only one preliminary heat on the way to his personal gold rush.
FOUR YEARS earlier, Spitz had made a brash promise that he would bring home five gold medals in an Olympics and he failed to get any. This time, the record barrage was on from the first time he en力强 the Munich. His performance at the Olympics took fine amateur career for one of the best swimmers in the history of swimming.
Other top performances in individual sporting events this year came from Jack Nicklaus, who won the world of the four major titles, but the world of Bobby Fischer brought chess to a new level and he became the first American in many years to win the world chess championship.
Tennis finally produced the dream match between Evonne Goolgagh and Chris Everett in Wimbledon competition, only to be defeated by her opponent Fipiladi set a new record for Grand Prix
racing, and Mark Donohue won his first Indianapolis 500.
Joe Frazier and Muhammad Ali made approximately $55,000 a minute in their title fight, and Olga Korbat, a young Russian gymnast, caught the imagination of the
world when she invented a move on the parallel bars in the Olmynics.
IN TEAM EVENTS, two first highlighted the year. In Olympic basketball, the American team lost its first game in history to a talented team from the Seychelles, the most controversial finishes in Olympic history. Another Russian national队 played hockey against "Team Canada" for the first time to determine whether the team was amateur or professional. Team Canada, won the series 43, with one tie.
In collegiate competition, the Nebraska Cornhuskers finished No. 1 in football for the second straight year and were followed by Arizona State atoma and Colorado at the No. 2 and 3 spots.
Television had its share of triumphs and tribulations in 1972. It brought coverage of monumental news events and controversial documentaries to the American people. But television encountered problems with legislation and was troubled by a major network strike.
By PATTI O'NEILL and CAROL JACKSON
TV's Triumphs, Troubles
The coverage of President Nixon's Xinon trip demonstrated television's power and influence.
There was much preliminary coverage of China before Nixon's visit. Because of the 13-hour time difference between Peking and New York, live coverage of evening reached the United States early in the morning and was repeated on the news that night.
CBS presented a documentary entitled "Under Surveillance" in early January. The documentary was an implicit indictment of governmental organizations and agencies for spying on American citizens.
BBC WAS IN Munich in September to cover the 20th Olympiad. Millions of television viewers saw U.S. sprinters late to their marks and a great miler fall. And television brought the tragedy of the Israeli murders closer to the American public.
The camera zoomed in on the Adam's apple of a man who was a Pennsylvania Bell Telephone executive. He said that "under pressure, I taps performed on the microphones of the telephone."
During one scene of the documentary the camera was focused on the shoes of an unidentified mailman as he explained that the police had arrived by certain residents on his routes.
THE NEWS CREW had pictures of men in plain clothes after photographing people at anti-war demonstrations. About 50 people were killed and many were they monitor or are monitored by others.
In April television recorded the fifth successful landing on the moon by Apollo 16. The space craft landed in the highlands of the moon for the first time.
Through the use of television, Houston scientists directed Astronaut Duke's attention to the trip's prized discovery, a football-sized, glittering rock.
Four days before the election, on Nov. 3, CBS cameramen and technicians, members of the International Brotherhood of Electrocommunications, use Supervisory personnel in place to strikers, CBS managed to continue their election coverage with scarcely a moment of air time, although remote broadcasts from some 20 locations had to be canceled.
COMPLICATING the strike situation, the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) recently voted to support the BEW strikers. At least 20 on-camera personalities such as Walter Cronkite, Roger Mudger, Daniel Schorr and Dan Rather announced that they would obey the AFTRA decision.
On *Ar-11* 14, the United States brought a
networks, CBS, NBC and ABC, and Viacom.
a former subsidiary of CBS that controls some of its program syndication rights. The suits sought to prevent networks from carrying network-produced entertainment content in their films, and from obtaining financial interests in independently produced programs.
The Justice Department complained that the networks used their control of access to airtime to monopolize prime time television entertainment programming and obtained access to programming - depriving the viewing public of the benefits of free competition."
THE CORPORATION for Public Broadcasting (PBS) was struck a sharp blow on June 30 when Nixon vetoed a bill that would fund the network. Nikon vetoed the bill and that the corporation was becoming too powerful and that the bill's funding was faulty.
Books Sate Interest In Russia and China
By WALTER LIETZEN and KAREN KINKERBERG
If 1972 was not the best of years for fiction,
it produced some five biographies and
books on China and Russia to satire the
public's increasing interest.
The long-awaited publication of the "Oxford English Dictionary's A-G revision pleased many people. Originally published in 1884, the updated section had finally recorded the vocabulary of the 20th century in all its complexity and vulgarity.
ANOTHER BOOK on China was "Dragon by the Tail," by John Paton Davies, an English writer.
In 1972 there was a trend in books that backgrounded current events and great men in history. One on China was "The Rise of the Chinese Communist Party, 1921-1927: The Autobiography of Chang Kuo-Tao" (University Press of Kansas), vol. 1, about a man who was one of a dozen founders of the Chinese Communist Party.
The novel that became No. 1 in many ways was Richard Bach's "Jonathan Seagul" and an adult fable about a seagull that wants to escape to live a life of pure joy.
diplomat.
"The Air War in Indochina," edited by Raphael Littauer and Norman Uphoff, was about the cost and effect of seven yars of air attacks against the U.S. "drifted" into a full combat role.
"The Best and the Brightest," by David Halberstam, a Pulitzer Prize-winning author, was about how some of the best and men of our time got us involved in the war.
More light on the subject came from "Memoirs, 1965-1963," by George F. Kernan and Dean Peter Acheson, which was about life in the post-World War II services, and of disagreement with Acheson.
DANIEL ELISBERG'S "Papers on the War," a collection of writings on Vietnam, traced his growing disillusionment with systems analysis.
One best selling book on the war, "Fire in the Lake" by Frances FITZgerald, a free lance writer who spent six years in Vietnam, was a history of South Vietnam that had to do a people who had been destroyed in order to be saved from Communism.
"ock'n'Roll and Shock Rock Dominate 1972
By DON MAYBERGER
and ANITA KNOPP
Pinpointing the new direction of today's music is a bit like following a hurricane.
Winds are constantly shifting, changing paths and blowing in different directions. Weather elements are, for the most part, meaningless, so the content with the latest weather reports.
The calm, personalized music a la James Taylor, which was spoken of as the new direction in 1971, has almost been drowned out in 1972 by a bizarre combination of good ol' rock 'n' roll from the 1950s and "shock rock" from the 1980s.
ALICE COOPER, the name of both the leader and the group, appears on stage in
The new masters of the latter are typified by performers Alice Cooper and singer-composer-guitarist David Bowie. In shock upon hearing the performance from the sound to the performed
black leotards, women's high heeled boots with silver streaks up the sides and ghoulish purple and white make-up. During his show, he sometimes lives live chickens into the audience, axes baby dolls to death, feeds these birds Chitchia, wears a strait-jacket for dressing himself executed either in a blinking electric chair or on a full-sized gallows.
"I understand that an audience wants sex and violence. I know that" cause I used to watch television all day long," says Alice. "We're the ultimate American band ... merely the end product of an affluent society."
If a show was what music fans were looking for in 1972, they didn't have far to look for nearly every weekend produced a major concert. The grandfather of shock rock, Mick Jagger, led his Stones from city to city, where sell-out concerts seemed hard to get into than the White House. Tickets sometimes sold for hundreds
Elisis Presley also stepped out of the '80s to do his first concert tour in many years, in addition to having several popular records on the charts.
Books on Russia multiplied in number and popularity this year. Alexander Solzhenitze published the first in his series of epic moral inquiries into pre-communist Russia, which he depicted a corrupt society interwoven with military blunders.
And Rick Nelson, the clean-faced teenage idol from "Ozzie and Harriet," released a single called "Garden Party" about the time he got booed off the stage at a rock concert in Square Garden for appearing with long hair, and a drug store-cowboy up-band.
"I NEVER HAVE believed in rock 'n' roll revivals," said Nelson. "They're people trying to recapture something they can't bring back."
Roy Medvedev's "Let History Judge,"
the new book of the few officials who
worked in the U.S. government.
Apollo Program Closes with Year
TWO NOVELS by Russian-born writers were on the best seller lists: "Forever Flowing" by Vasily Grossman and "Glory" by Vladimir Nabokov.
of dollars
"MY COUNTRY," by Abba Eban,
the first-person account of the story of
a girl in New York.
There was a novel on the Arab and Israeli struggle, "O Jerusalem," by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapier, who wrote "Is Paris Burning?"
By JOHN REED and ERIC KRAMER
Earlier this year three astronauts returned from an 11-day voyage to the moon with 214 pounds of moon rock and soil. Shortly after the flight of Apollo 16, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration announced that the last voyage mission would blast off Dec. 8. And so,朋 1972 closes, so will the Apollo space program.
NASA also has been busy planning a space shuttle program costing about $3.5 billion. NASA launched a long-term experimental flight to Jupiter this year. In March Pioneer 10 was launched from Cape Kennedy for a 21-million-mile ride through the solar system.
The Soviets also made strides in space exploration this year. Their unmanned Luna 20 made a land landing on the moon in March, scoped up some rocks and came home. The next month they launched an unmanned spacecraft to Venus, Venus 8, with successful soft landing on the surface of in August and transmitted data for 50 minutes.
The 13-day mission of Apollo 17 will be the first landing in such a dangerous area of the moon's surface and the most extensive observation of the moon's backside.
During the year the United States and the Soviet Union agreed on a joint space effort highlighted by the linkup of an American commander in U.S. spacecraft for 48 hours sometimes in 1975.
PLANETARY exploration by the United States was carried out with the Mariner 9 mission, which sent back data and pictures of Mars.
Astronomers also were busy in the heavens. On July 10 they watched along with many North Americans as the moon slowly moved past the sun, causing an eclipse. Kellerman, at the National Radiation Observatory at Green Bay, Wis., was on his heavenly body, a galaxy that appeared to be traveling faster than the speed of light.
NOTABLE AMONG astronomers all over the world, Harlow Shapley dated Oct. 12 to 35 years and had made an important contribution; as to astronomy.
Also dead is noted anthropologist Louis S. B. Leakey, who spent much of his life on the African continent and whose skeletal discoveries showed man's origins to in Africa rather than Asia where earlier archaeologists had made finds. He died at 61.
Less than two months later Leakey's son, Richard, announced that an African skull had been found in Kenya that was believed to be 2.6 million years old. The new find is believed to be the oldest skull of early man, 1.5 years older than any previous skull find
PERHAPS IT WAS the confusion and uncertainty surrounding much of this new music—and everyday life for that matter—would have to be revival. The nostalgia craze blossomed and many took to booingg to songs like "Johnny B. Goode" or "Maybelline," as performed by such bands as Sha Na Na, Lonnie Dixon or Lonnie Farm and the Belltones.
Awarded the Nobel prize in physics for their development of a theory of superconductivity, and their pearance of electric resistance, were John Bardeen, University of Illinois; Leon Cooper, Brown University; and John Braun, Sriefier, University of Pennsylvania.
AMERICANS MADE international science news when they made a clean sweep of the world. Outstanding for their work in enzyme chemistry were Christian Anfinsen of the National Institute of Health, and Stanford chemistry was William Stein of Rockefeller University.
In March the National Heart and Lung Institute reported the successful implantation of a nuclear-powered heart pump into calves. They foresaw the end of heart transplants and longer lives for more than 10,000 heart disease patients who die each year.
Nobel prizes in medicine were shared by an American and an Englishman. For independent work in breaking down chemical structure of antibodies, the award went to Michael Brennan, the oldest man of Rockefeller University and Dr. Rodney R. Porter of Oxford University.
IRONICALLY 1972 saw a surge in two different areas of medicine. Acupuncture, the Chinese practice of using needles to manipulate nerve endings, was first used successfully in the United States in 1972 to form skin grafts in New York hospitals.
Marijuana made medical news in 1972. A group of researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles showed that marijuana reduced the high pressure that glaucoma caused within the eye. They said their next problem was to find a marijuana
derivative to ease the glaucoma that wouldn't intoxicate the patient.
Chuck Berry, the author of "Maybelline" and "Johnny B. Goode," was being revived as a movie based on his album—sold two million copies and the first gold record of his 17-year career.
FDA MADE continual strides in protecting the consumer from dangerous drugs and misrepresented products. In January it proposed nutritional guidelines for frozen convenience foods because of their increased use in the American diet
At the same time the FDA was busy ordering orange drink makers to inform consumers of the amount of real orange juice contained in their product, and ordering the reduction of head content in paint from the present 1 per cent to 0.06 per cent. The company also recalled 200,000 toys described as hazardous, and banned DES, a hormone used to litten livestock, described as being hazardous to man.
That same month they announced a three-year study of the 500,000 over-the-counter, nonprescription drugs available to consumers to determine their safety and effeciency, an announced restriction of hexachlorophenil pending further studies of the term-killer.
The EPA, almost totally banned the use of DDT and proposed the banning of pesticides containing mercury. It also gave the bad news that pesticide companies comply with federal air pollution standards.
The Justice Department announced that the production of amphiphetines, reduced by federal quotas, would be 83 per cent below 1971 production rates and methamphetamines 80 per cent below those of 1971.
THE FTC TOLD makers of pain killers to halt alleged misrepresentation of products and spend 25 per cent of advertising budgets on years on correcting false impressions.
WHEN WE LOOK back on 1972 we will also remember the stories which didn't make the biggest headlines but which were continually in our thinking, a part of life and the catch-words of the year. There were abortions and vasectomies, Crunchy Granola and Yogurt, and an average day's stay in the hospital costing $92.31.
Three New England doctors developed an accurate inexpensive test for sickle-cell anemia that could make the test available to all blacks in an effective manner.
Oscar to Bow in Shame
The Academy Awards have been viewed with increasing skepticism over the past few years, but the 1973 ceremony did justifiably bring all critics to their feet.
The Oscar won't have his arms folded this year. Rather, they will be covering his back.
Movies that warranted food reviews in 1972 would be unfamiliar to most, for they contained no big-name titles, actors or actresses. Their merit is purely due to the urgency of the subject matter, much of which dealt with minority groups.
Screenwriter Paddy Chayefey's saga seemed to falter when he and Arthur Miller, director, got together for the "Hospital." The doctors were butchered at the hospitals abattoirs, and the patients were lucky to get away with their lives.
and DEBI SHIRA
"X, Y and Zee," debating in February, was mostly a vehicle for none other than Liz Taylor, who gets another chance to play the bitch-Earth Mother act seen previously in "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" and "Boom."
By JOYCE DUNBAR and DEBLSHIRA
January 1972 got off to a deceivingly good start with the appearance of "Dirty Harry," "Nicholas and Alexandra" also heralded in the new year, but it was reminiscent of a "Love Story" with historical footnotes.
THE SEVENTH MOVIE in the James Bond canon, "Diamonds Are Forever," was perhaps the best of that lot. With its laser machines, fights to the death and exotic homicides, it was like a Looney Tune.
Vanessa Redgrave and Glenda Jackson provided some force and substance to the otherwise dreary history of "Mary, Queen of Scots."
DIRECTOR ELIA Kazan attempted to make a new business in "instars." It was an enterprise with "bather," rebrand.
Another movie that deals with a current poignant issue and fails is "The Jerusalem File." This is an adventure in which the only rats are a mob of blood.
Herman Melville's story of "Bartley the Scrivener" was done a disservice through Director Anthony Friedman's modernized adaptation, "Bartley."
ALBERT FINNEY visits a psychiatrist. He says he wants to write "The Maltese Falcon" recounts the Saude Suez case, where she's "shoeed." Finney plays at talkin' tough.
thirsty who cruise about in a black sedan running down their enemies.
"The Sorrow and the Pity," directed by Marcel Ophel, is an epic newsreel and marathon talk show about the fall of France, which lasts four and one-half hours. But not one second of it is boring. Clermon-Ferrand, a middle-size Auvorgat city not far from Vichy, emerges as 'Oihle' microcosm for Occupied France.
James Coburn plays a doctor who pulls down $45,000 and the hospital dietitian with just the right kind of good-humored chef. It takes years, Richarda, making his first feature in "The Culepper Cattle Co." is a former director of TV commercials. That in itself presents several liabilities when it seizes him filling anything longer than 60 seconds.
"The Cool Breeze" is a sleepy remake of John Huston's fine "The Asphalt Jungle." It is cast primarily with blacks, but the men who made it are white.
Although there are random laughs in "Play It Again, Sam," there are also signs of strain and thinness. Woody has no wrinkles, but he is becoming mechanical and familiar.
Films made expressly for black audiences are not so much new as several old genres given a black twist. The latest type to be adapted is that Hollywood stand-by, the western. Three examples of this in 1967 were *Soul Soldier*, *Nigger Queen* and *Buck and the Prescher*. The latter is the best of the bunch.
THE BIOGRAPHY of "Malcolm X," the crusader for black dignity, is presented under the auspices of Warner Bros. The most fascinating part of the book is the story from the preacher for Elijah Muhammad to independent political figure.
"The Trial of the Catonsville Nine" is extracted virtually as a piece from Father Berrigan's play, which was in turn a dramatization of his 1968 trial for burning draft records. The characters in the film seem to be acting less from deep
moral imperative than at the command of a shared mandarin morality.
"Skyjacked" is a proudly stupid melodrama that flaunts its absurdities. The plot is incredible, the dialogue unspeakable and the movie as a result is pretty much fun. Philip Roth's "Portoy's Complaint" is thoroughly debased through Ernest Lehman's film adaptation. As the director, he was forced to prove, the controlled hysteria with which Roth caunterizes his past is hard to translate into film.
"The Last of the Red Hot Lovers" is an endurance contest for the audience. Audience Nell Simon writes funny commercial videos, plays movies, remains stubbornly stagebound.
AS A PLAY, "Butterflies Are Free"
enjoyed a healthy run on Broadway. Its
movie version was just as comical,
the movie version with commendable restraint. Goldie Hawn, as the girl next door who gets involved with a blind boy,
wrote a long way since her gidy role in
"Laugh-In."
The obvious failure to mention such successes as "The Godfather" and "Filder on the Roof" is purely intentional. The absence of a grand jury honors in this year's awards ceremony.
Returning once again to the more unfamiliar movies of 1972 we find several excellent, poignant films. "When the Legends Die" is a rare movie that seems to genuinely express the strangled rage and uncertainty of the modern Indian, who is desperate for Maa Garden's help two prisoners who relate life to a game of monopoly. The acting is superb, and it is obviously a new and fascinating interpretation.
Marcel Ophuls does a great directing job in "A Sense of Loss." This is a documentary appraisal of the situation in Northern Ireland. The film is structured around an interplay of care gift of making political history real in immediate human terms, "Sounder" is a compassionate and loving film about being black in America. As one reviewer explains, "Poverty, desperation and trauma are all part of this single group, which is why this story of a black boy in the depression south reaches beyond any racial barrier."