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Monday. November 6. 1972
University Daily Kansan
KANSAN comment Editorials, columns and letters published on this page reflect only the opinions of the writers.
Ghost of Campaigns Past
McGovern often likens his campaign to that of Harry Truman in 1948. As Eleanor McGovern explains it, her husband, like Truman, stands for the little guy and thus, like McGobern, he dislikes his dismal standings in the polls.
Unfortunately, the similarity between the two campaigns runs deeper than that. As with McGovern, the public distrusted Truman's competence, even though he had been president for the previous three years. Like McGovern, Truman had trouble getting his opponent to mention his campaign against a former campaigning against an opponent who insisted on running a front porch campaign (which is in itself quite a remarkable task since Tom Dewey had never been president).
To cope with the situation,
Truman decided to run a "bold"
campaign. Clifford Clark, Truman's
campaign strategist, later explained, "We had to throw the long passes—anything to stir up labor and the other mass votes. Appearances were a kind of same tactics, to solve his problems.
Consciously or not, McGovern has nearly plagiarized Truman's 1948 campaign. McGovern attacks the Republicans' business ties, as did Truman. McGovern attacks his opponent's reticence, as did Truman. McGovern attacks his opponent's lack of concern for the little man, as did Truman. And most of all, McGovern gives 'em hell, as did Truman.
The issues are different and the opposite party is in power, but the campaign situation and the rhetoric are much the same. McGovern has read his history well and has apparently decided to take a lesson from an old master. But perhaps America is just a little too sick of old masters to break in a new one just now.
—Robert Ward
Report Criticizes Government
Jack Anderson
WASHINGTON-The Health, Education and Welfare Department has suppressed two controversial drug studies, whose conclusions fly in the face of Nixon's war on narcotics.
One startling study, called "Drug Use and the Youth" declares boldly that youth needs drugs for "a highly moral, productive and personally fulfilling" purpose. It suggests that stricter law enforcement is needed to address people "to the left in political."
The other report, a more exhaustive, three-volume study entitled "Evaluation of Drug Education Programs," calls the government's drug education misdirected and not beligbt.
HEW Secretary Elliott Richardson took the unusual step of locking up the three volumes in his office, say insiders, after he was tipped off that 'Jack Anderson is trying to get the
report." Sources who have read the story say it is highly critical of the government's drug education programs.
Richardson neglected, however, to lock up the second report, which is equally critical. Researchers interviewed interviews with young drug users, conducted by social service workers who were carefully selected for "their ability to handle" and rapport with drug users."
More than 150 interviews were held at Berkeley, Calif.; Manhattan, Kans.; SantFe, NM; N.M. New Haven, Conn., and D.C. Care are the highlights from the 10-chapter report:
"The primary conclusions which our accounts support is that the search which young people pursue with psychedelic drugs can be a highly moral, productive and personally fulfilling one. The use of drugs may be dangerous, and eventually self-limiting, but at worst drug use may be the wrong thing done for the right reasons."
— "There is a significant contradiction between young people' experiences with drugs, which have been largely pleasant, helpful and meaningful, and the government's point of view that drugs are bad and dangerous. This contradiction, and the government's position, have had destructive consequences for youth."
—Drug laws and their enforcement seem to have no effect in deterring the young people we use, and it is not worth using. The reasons mainly stem from their common perceptions that drug use is not, or should not be, a criminal act because those things done to oneself are constitutionally protected. Our evidence suggests that enforcement officials have greatly reduced the enforcement of drug laws. . ."
—" (Young people) see enforcement as selective enforcement against them and their preferences Arrest and prosecution . . . create a tear and which seems to lead to stronger bonds among individuals, as they unite against what they feel is a shared injustice. This is offered to the government to account for their shift to the in politics after drug use."
"Young people have been singled out as having the drug problem (along with blacks and whites) and are less likely to evidence supports this focus as the exclusive or even major focus of drug abuse or use. Other groups, including truck drivers, nurses, patients, seem to be using and abusing drugs regularly and harmfully, at least to the extent young people are. Young people are more likely to spread societal ruin on drugs.
—Young people's "choices of drugs, in order of popularity, are: alcohol, nicotine, caffeine.
marjuanja, psychedelics, amphetamines, and a much less frequent use of barbiturates and opiates. With the exception of heroin, which tends to the rank order of drugs, heroin is abused throughout the society."
—"Government policies, if they are to be seen as helpful, must change their aim and focus. Rather than aim at achieving the goal of rational argument, it should be recognized that young people have some valid reasons to experiment with drugs to see their effects for themselves, and that condemnation of such behavior is necessary listening to any educational effort . . . The government must recognize the validity of the search young people utilize drugs for, even if disapproving of the young people who continue to be amused by governmental efforts to control drug use."
Copyright, 1972,
by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.
James J. Kilpatrick
John Wayne and Pornography
LOS ANGELES—If conservatives have a favorite movie actor, it probably is John Wayne, Duke of the unnamed West, who pursues in his personal life the same rugged virtutes he portrays in *The Great Gatsby* and walking, talking, hulking, straight-shooting embodiment of
Readers Respond
all that is pure and manly. Right?
Refugees . . . Ezra Pound
Refugees
To the Editor:
At the request of the Arab nations when the 1948 war between Israel and the Arabs broke out, 450,000 to 550,000 Arabs left and became refugees. These people remained as wards of the international community primarily because the Arab states accept any responsibility. At the acceptance rate, 160,000 Arabs remained in Israel and have prospered enjoying the same standard of living as the Jews in Israel and the highest Arab standard of living in the Middle East. The refugees became the wards of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), which put them into camps in which they were camped but in which the third generation is living today.
At the same time that 500,000 Arabs became refugees after the war in 1948, Israel accepted one half million Jewish refugees from Arab countries. The majority of them having to leave their property and were not compensated for what they left behind. These people first lived in tents. Their living conditions were by all standards miserable. However, the camps are now gone, these children are going to their children go to school. They were not made to stay in their tents to become pawns of governments but were absorbed
even a photograph of the Michelangelo David.
into the economy to lead productive and meaningful lives. In contrast, the Arab governments have savagely exploited Arabs who fed from Palestine on their resources. They put Palestinians into camps, and Arab exploitation kept the refugees in those camps under sub-standard living conditions. Jordan granted the refugees in their country citizenship but Egypt refused to do so. They are now anywhere. Each time the UNRWA tried to relocate the refugees, the Arabs have blocked the move. If the Arabs lose the refugees, they also lose the political weapon against Israel, as well as an economic asset, for a decreased refugee population. The Arab government $100,000,000 dollars loss to Arab countries as well as 12,000 Arab losing their jobs as UNRWA staff members.
On the other hand, Israel,
during its brief administration of
the Arab refugees since 1967,
allows refugees freedom of
movement and has spent millions
of its own money to improve
living conditions for these poor
people.
Even though there would be a place for all these Arabs in their own land, Israel has offered to take another 100,000 Arabs and as well as bank accounts. She has even offered to pay compensation for Arab property and has declared that such payments need not wait for a peace settlement. So it will be important to take care of both her own people and the Arabs who remained in Israel in 1948 as well as the refugees in the occupied area, the Arabs have chosen to do neither.
with porno shops pursuing their sleazy trade.
The Arabs conclude that they have room for these refugees. Syria has millions of acres of fertile land, immense areas which are abandoned and need labor. Iraq is underpopulated and needs people to develop its tremendous natural resources.
The stuff is a social eivt; of that much I am certain. Just as some books and works of art can lift men up and contribute to spiritual health, so the outpourings of pornography can degrade a society and contribute to spiritual sickness. A newspaperman who lives by the First Amendment and loves it knows outrage when he hears these commercial exploiters of the human body plead Jeffersonian principles to justify their filth.
Regina M. Miller
Dept. of Human Development
Frances Degen Horowitz
Dept. Human Development
A Tribute
When Ezra Pound died at Venice on October 31 the last great English-speaking poet of the century passed from the academy to a committee lost its final opportunity to win back the confidence of all fair-minded students of literature. His definitive biography will now no longer be based on the basis of the material in the archives at Merano, Italy, the home of his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince Boris de Rachais, who was born and be reminded once more of his manifold achievements and of his unique contributions to modern
poetry, criticism, art and music. He knew the great writers of hiteme and many of them he assisted with tireless energy toward publication and fame, and he knew the great writer of Land" and James Joece with "Ulysses", which alone should insure his immortality. He was one of the most generous of artists, a breed not notable for the kind of incisive criticism, often expressed in an outlandish kind of American colloquialism he loved to use, demolished the early poetry, Georgian and American, prepared the way for poetry, prepared the way for poetry, the legacy of the Imagim he promoted not as a cult but as the sole possible program for verse. He also opened the way for literature, number of foreign literatures, and scarcely heard of when he began as a young man at the University of Pennsylvania. It is a great pity that he was not by some miracle of understanding persuaded to study literature, he fled in 1907, and to become in formal actual the greatest teacher he always was; but without his vivid and immensely active and stimulating career in literature, he had have the Ezra Found who once told me on the lawn at Elizabeth's Hospital: "American literature begins with the Adams-Jefferson letters."
L. R. Lind Professor of Classics
all that is pure and mild. Right? Well, Wayne never displayed in a movie more true grit than he displayed here a couple of weeks ago, when he went public on record against Proposition 18. In the over-simplified view of John Wayne's career, he was pulled by porchography, the action might be twisted into a phony charge that John Wayne is in favor of smut. No such thing. The Duke is in favor of freedom.
Under this statute, it would be made a misdemeanor even to sing a song "depicting sexual conduct." The paintings of Renoir and Titian could be offered for sale to minors under Section 31.21.bi. Neither could minors buy any book or magazine which is meant to elude them, which is mean slang words used to refer to genitals, buttocks, female breasts, or excretory functions or products.
Yet Proposition 18 takes in too much. If a new Section 311.3(a) is read strictly, as criminal statutes must be read, it would become a public nuisance in California to exhibit any picture "which explicitly reveals post-traumatic genitalis" within one mile "measure in a straight line" from any school or park. Though the proponents deny it, the language would appear to ban
The proposition treads too far on First Amendment grounds. In the name of stamping out one lawyer, Mr. Hancock Striking at pornographers, the law would hit serious writers and artists as well. In Justice Frank-Knopf's phrase, the act would be called "bearish" because roast a pig. I have great sympathy and respect for the Californians who drafted this bill. They are searching earnestly for answer. Sad to say, this isn't it.
write a new definition of "contemporary standards." At present, the defendant in a pornography prosecution may have been charged with the cards of the entire state of California. The new law would apply to any incorporated area, or to "the standards generally used for such activity in which radii of the area in which such activity occurred."
Proposition 18 is a 6,000-word statute intended to provide an entirely new structure for combatting pornography in the United States, to make one significant change in existing law. At present, the definition of "obscency" is qualified in California by the Court to be "utterly without redeeming social importance." Contrary to widespread belief, a majority of the Supreme Court never has made such a change, but no matter: These words would be struck.
In further new sections, Proposition 18 would create sweeping prohibitions against the topless and bottomless attractions that now astonish the tourists, and it would write an encompassing law intended for the protection of minors.
John Wayne surely had to survive an inner struggle before taking his stand against the mob. His pornography is a pollutant, like smog. In San Francisco, movie houses compete with "hardcore" attractions, Angela's, a theater, a guard station." Both cities are infested
The proposition then goes on to
(C) The Washington Star Syndicate, Inc.
Guest Editorial
By C, C, CALDWELL
The Quality of Greatness
"A leader is best
When people barely know that he exists,
Not so go when people obey and acclaim
narr. Worst when they despise num 'Fail to honor people, They fail to honor you' . . .
Men saniely led Are not led by duress."
—Loe Tzu
"Give god us men! A time like this demands
Men who possess opinions and a will;
Men who have honor; men who will not lie
Tall men, sun-crowned, who live above the fog.
In public duty and in private thinking."—Josiah Gilber Holland
"Don't follow leaders, watch the parking meters."
meters. Bob Duden
-Bob Dvlan
Somewhere in the above matrix lies an effective equation for great American presidential leadership today. We have the right to ask that our presidents, indeed our entire political body to the point of incontrovertible redundancy. The time has come to scrutinize the distilled essence of the Presidency as one of the embodiments of leadership on earth.
Is it possible to select a great president? What common qualifications have the great presidents of the past shared? Is there a formula to be synthesized from a study of presidents? Do presidents almost expect to see a giant in the White House and if not, as many believe, why not?
In examining the lives of the great presidents of the past, no definitive common qualifications are discerned, in terms of concrete references brought to office. Our Presidents have included lawyers, some professional politicians or military officers, educators, professors, doctors, and publishers, a farmer. Yet these occupational titles in themselves do not generically afford the characteristics which we seek.
Whatever his occupation, the President must be a politician (as head of a party) and a statesman (to permit his election). It is efficacious if the man is of such stature that he can act as chief office, but in viewing the contemporary horizon, such a figure is not in clear view.
Given the difficulty of ascertaining specific qualifications for greatness which can be fulfilled by any one individual in the world, it is important to recognize the nature of the great presidential decisions.
" decision-making is made infinitely more difficult by the greater variety of factors that can be neglected before a decision is reached, in addition to which must be considered " the fact that decisions today are perhaps more complex than they tend to have far graver consequences.
Theodore Sorenson, while special counsel to President Kennedy, concluded that presidential decisions required "not calculation, but judgment," a judgment more than than ever before because of "new dimensions" to presidential decision-making:
The difficulties encountered in attempting to approach the question of qualifications for greatness through a search for commonality of background or decision processes make such an approach impractical. The wished-for ideal application would be difficult to achieve, could anyone even define all the spaces that would have to appear on such a form?
Most political analysts and historians concur that "a man cannot possibly be judged a great president unless he holds office in great times." Since World War II, the worldwide technological explosions from 1935-1942 caused conflicts, which arguably may call for a technocrat at the outset, rather than a potentially great leader per se.
There is an apparent need to leave this sand which elsewhere functionally passes for solid ground and turn to more fluid, and hopefully more helpful, characterizations of the presidency as an office of potentially great leadership.
Rosser gift to the heart of the matter when he says, "The final greatness of the presidency lies in the truth that it is not just an office of incredible power but a breeding ground of indestructible myth . . . If (the President) is not the sort of man around whose person we want to thank him, we will surely meet the test of presidential greatness; to be enshrined as a folk hero in the American consciousness."
So it would seem that the times indeed determine a large measure which piquets our attention.
such mythical greatness. The myth-candidate can contribute substantially (at the outset) an effective, profound, believable statement of "what we want our audience to be pleased with the requisite 'great times' and the sustained judgment to match.
As Clinton Rossiter has observed, "More than one president has been granted a high place in history because he sensed the direction of American democracy in his life through his handwaving course." Although voters can hardly schedule temporal assistance in electing an individual who may prove ( thanks to the times), a great leader, it is important to make sure that candidates and not the man determine the historical satisfaction with the man in the job.
His growth to legendary proportions is further impeded by the restrictions upon his decisions. As Sorenson has pointed out, the need for a "permissible," available resources, available time, previous commitments, and available information." The monumental import of these restrictions today suggests that our legacy may be an increasingly unlikely possibility.
Finally, we return to the man himself and the restrictions he as an individual may bring to the office. Alexis de Touqueville addressed the fundamental conflict in "Why ambiguous ambitious men and so little lofty ambition are to be found in the United States:
"A man who raises himself by degrees to wealth and power, contracts, in the course of his protracted labor, habits of prudence and restraint which he cannot afterwards forget, and which he must learn in his mind as he does his house. . . . Another thing which prevents the men of democratic periods from easily indulging in the pursuit of lofty objects, is the lapse of time which can be taken away, and it can be ready to struggle for them. . . And when at length they are in a condition to perform any extraordinary acts, the taste for such things has forsaken them. . . What else could more than that have made the march of society should every day become more tranquil and less aspiring."
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