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University Daily Kansan Thursday. May 12. 1900
Winds of Unrest
The winds of unrest seem to be stirring wildly throughout the world, and, perhaps as one editorial writer put it. Democracy is now being felt across the world.
The American ideal of personal freedom, democracy and the right to do what you wish when you wish sometimes finds itself blossoming forth in odd ways. South Korea, in the throes of demonstrations after Syngman Rhee decided not to follow the democratic ideal, is now settling down with a steady unrest. In Turkey, students are demonstrating against martial law. Unrest in South Africa may bring more trouble “... in the name of equality.”
In many European and South American countries, demonstrations against the system of justice in the United States prevail. The protests, of course, are a result of the execution of the American criminal, Caryl Chessman.
UNFORTUNATELY, the sight of trouble in any other part of the world has become particularly displeasing to Americans because they have found it necessary to shoulder this burden themselves. It is hard to isolate a struggle within a single country or area in this age of easy involvements.
"Revolutionary War and our constant fight for freedom since, have been carried across the
world, and we are too well identified as the authors of the textbook," a Tulsa World editorial writer says.
Even the dire threat of international consequences has not kept us from expressing sympathy or a desire to help repressed people who are trying to rise against their chains of repression.
BUT WHAT are our best weapons against communist repressions? The very "epidemic" nature of democracy is the best weapon that anyone could provide as a bulwark against aggression. The Communists seek to expand, democracy seeks to hold them within their limited boundaries.
Communist agents do not hesitate to use any type of method available to advance their cause. On the other hand, democracy is doing a "bang up selling job" without the use of gimmicks, give-aways or tricks.
It isn't any accident that South Korea, Turkey and other nations are rising now for democracy. They are the ones most susceptible to democracy's idealism. But we must not lose sight of the fact that they are being exposed to the Communist salesmen also. We, representing the free world, must watch each of these outbursts of democratic energy and make sure it is not subverted to the anti-democratic purposes of our enemies.
- Rael Amos
Chagla's Remarks
Editor:
I would like to offer my comments regarding some of the remarks made by the Indian ambassador Mr. M. C. Chagla during his Convocation address to KU students, partly reported in UDK of May 10, 1930.
Co-existence and Red China
As an exponent of non-violence he did a commendable job. But I would like to put forward Pakistani position on issues like Kashmir, the accusation of "Theocracy" in Pakistan and the Muslim Minority in India.
But right now let me consider an important statement which the Kansan seems to have omitted from the proceedings of Mr. Chagla's address. I had asked, "Would your Excellency like to offer comments on Chinese position regarding non-violence and co-existence?" The Ambassador smiled and said "China does not believe in non-violence or coexistence," and further told his audience reassuringly, "China is in expansionist mood but within next ten years she would have to slow down as Soviet Union inevitably did."
China has already taken a well-planned "pioneering" step in that direction by taking over 15,000 square miles of India's territory. And please don't forget the tragedy of Tibet. Condone it through the parlances of non-violence and coexistence but how far it is practical to quench the thirst of expansionist powers for territorial gains beyond their own national boundaries?
Dailu Transan
University of Kansas student newspaper
Founded 1889, became biweekly 1904,
*biweekly* 1908, daily Jan. 16, 1912.
Telephone VIking 3-2700 Extension 711, news room Extension 756, business office
Member Inland Daily Press Association. Associated Collegiate Press. Represented by National Advertising Service. 18 East Sloat St., New York 22, N. Y. 18 East Sloat St., New York 22, N. Y. Mail subscription to N. Y. International. Mail subscription to N. Y. semester or $3 a year. Published in Lawrence, Kan., every afternoon during the University year except Saturdays and Sundays, University holidays, and examination periods. Entered as lawrence.com September 7, 1910. at Lawrence, Kan., post office under act of March 3, 1879.
NEWS DEPARTMENT
Jack Morton ... Managing Editor
Brian Hiller, Carol Heller, George
George Carolini, Carol Heller,
Managing Editors; Jane Royd, City
Editor; Ralph (Gabby) Wilson and
Wade Haskin, Sports Editors; Carrie
Rawards and Piersa Burillon, Society
Editors.
EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT
Douglas Voeum and
Jack Harrison Co-Editorial Editors
Jack Hammond Co-Editorial Editors
Bruce Lewlynn ... Business Manager
Unfulfilled Promises in Kashmir
As you put it in the Daily Kansan and I quote: "Mr. Chagla calmly answered the first question and then gave a spirited defense of Indian stand on Kashmir." Did you notice a considerable amount of uneasiness, a certain loss of cool and calm diplomatic tone and an inevitable raising of voice at that moment to the extent that our able Chancellor, perhaps remembering an unpleasant previous occasion, had to intervene to change the topic of discussion. The two plebiscites that Mr. Chagla said had already been held in Kashmir, took place under the bayonets of Indian army, the present ratio being one armed soldier for every three and one-half civilians in Kashmir. Do you know that the accepted popular leader of Kashmirians and one time the "Lion of Kashmir" Shaikh Mohammed Abdullah, the former Prime Minister of Kashmir, has been in prison without trial in that "great democracy" of secular India? The accession of Kashmir to India was accepted by Nehru as provisional on the specific condition that with the normalization of political conditions, the Kashmirians would decide their destination through fair and impartial plebiscite. This has passed.
What is "Theocracy?"
It seems to have become a routine for Indian ambassadors to say that Pakistan is a "theocracy." That sir, I submit, is a complete misnomer. Pakistan is not a theocracy because its 80 per cent population is Muslim. The creation of Pakistan has not been demanded on, and is not today based, exclusively, on the framework of religion, though it definitely played a part. There were more important and much deeper social and economic issues involved.
Religion plays its usual role in our society and we are not at all ashamed of it. Shall we hate England because she wants her Kings and Queens to be Protestant, or abhor the States because discussions about Catholics and Protestants flare up during elections or shall we blame India for a constitutional provision that cattle are to be protected as sacred things?
in a position to offer protection to its minority and not treat its members as hostages for the attainment of political aims. If the constitution of India provides equal protection under law for all citizens, then singling out of Muslim minority in India, in case Kashmir joins Pakistan, is nothing but political black-mail.
Mr. Chagla asked: "If the Kashmiri decided to go to Pakistan, what will be the fate of 40 million Muslims of India? I for one cannot see that the machinery of law and order would break down and the Muslim minority be eliminated. I would imagine that any government worthy of its name should be
Minorities or Political Hostages?
Raja Mohammed Naib Pakistan Graduate Student
All That Is Good
(In reference to the letter of R. Alan Kimball, published in the Daily Kansan on May 5, 1960.)
You know, Al, this old world of the New America is just filled with skeptics and cynics. All sorts of people wonder about the actual existence of this or that institution or even person. This was not the case back in the old days when the American Way, Free Enterprise, Old Glory, and the good old Babbittocracy went unquestioned. The young men believed in Horatio Alger. They never questioned the "Businessmen and Other Leading Citizens of the Community." They just read Luck and Pluck, Tattered Tom, and similar edifying and inspirational tomes, and Al, they believed.
They had Faith that, somehow or the other, if they just sought the footpaths of success, the ladder of financial achievement with a right good heart, if they saved their pennies and were good, the better interests of America and the World would be saved. Sure, laissez-faire, the law of supply and Demand and other laws of Economics hurt a few unfortunate workers who were probably to lazy or too prodigal or both to climb the ladder of success anyhow. But that didn't mean the young men should go around thinking about all sorts of socialistic and un-American ideas and those kinds of things. No. Sir; the young men just went right on with Faith in the American Way, and Free Enterprise Democracy and those kinds of arrangements.
Now, Al, we are sorry that you doubt the existence of Ignatius Schumacher, especially when Ignatius Schumacher so stoutly and bravely stands for the old ideas and beliefs and Faith in the Old American Way. We of Malott Hall know and love Ignatius Schumacher as the symbol of all that is Good and Warm and Pure.
Yes, Al, there is an Ignatius Schumacher.
Robert McDaniel
Graduate Student
Torrington, Wyoming
International Jayhawker South Tirol
"I never took up a weapon since World War I, but now it seems to me that a deaf and blind world can only be woken up by the detonation of guns and by the spectacle of shed blood," .. said an old Tyrolese farmer at the occasion of a recent visit.
By Heinrich F. J. Wohlmeyer, Austrian Graduate Student
What must have been the experiences of this bearded octogenarian who saw himself forced to such a conclusion?
How it Began
In 1915 Italy obtained in the secret London Treaty the promise of German South Tirol from the Salurn Gorge to the Brenner Pass as a price for joining the allied camp. In 1919 Tirol came under Italian rule and President Wilson — who had already promised Prime Minister Orlando the Brenner frontier — was only able to ease his conscience by heartfelt regrets...
Among the Oldest Democracies
This alpine nation — unruly and proud like their towering mountains — belongs along with the original cantons of Switzerland to the oldest peasant democracies of Europe. As early as 135 the Estates decreed the indivisibility of the land and the "Great Freedom Charter" of 1342 reaffirmed the full rights of citizens and peasants. Until 1918 defense was based on a local militia system, which even dared to challenge Napoleon successfully.
The Crossing
"We shall make this territory Italian . . . . the Germans do not compose a national minority but an 'ethnical relict'" said Benito Mussolini in his parliamentary speech of Feb. 6, 1926. And Italy acted according to this word: The German language was oppressed in schools, offices and even cemeteries. People had to italianize their names. In the 1930s an Italian Mass Immigration was started by means of state subsidized industries which were founded around Bozen.
Expelled
But the "success" was not "satisfactory." By means of a "Resettlement Agreement" with Hitler, Mussolini began to expel the South Tyrolese from their 700-year-old fatherland. The upheavals of the second world war hindered the completion of the program and many South Tyrolese returned illegally.
After 1945
On Sept. 6, 1946, a treaty was concluded between Austria and Italy with the intention to grant Autonomy to South Tirol. But since the very beginning Italy denies the correct execution of the treaty: South Tirol was coupled with the Italian Province of Trent so as to bring the South Tyrolese under control of an Italian majority of 5 to 2 against the Tyrolese. The Italian Immigration is still promoted and Italians constitute 85 per cent of the civil servants. The Italian population increased in South Tirol in the last 50 years for 1650 per cent thus constituting already 34 per cent of the total population. Erich Kofler depicts in his "Requiem vivis" the situation in South Tirol: . . . Well rest the dead.
They rest forever. They have the peace! Why do you not grant it to the living, to those condemned to life?: We have lost the peace.
May Italy — who for herself fought so hard for her independence — grant in the end its old regional rights and liberties to South Tirol.
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